1905Film network feature　 Film Bureau of State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television2017yeartwelvemoon31The data released in the evening shows that:2017In, the total box office of national movies was559.11100 million yuan, a year-on-year increase13.45%; Among them,Domestic film box office301.04100 million yuan, accounting for the total box office53.84%The number of domestic films exceeding 100 million has reached51Department.

　

The volume of the film market is growing steadily, and the creation of film content is also moving towards quality and diversification. Looking back on another year of China’s film industry, filmmakers once again offered coverage to the audience.Action, comedy, fantasy, suspenseAnd many other types of rich masterpieces. We witnessed the box office spectacle of 10.858 billion action movies, followed comedies and walked through the spring, summer, autumn and winter with a smile, and were moved by the amazing fantasy world in the movies and the humanistic feelings of the excellent works.

　

China movies in 2017 are "exciting enough, lively enough and worth watching".

The action movie "Wolf Warriors 2" dominated by 10.85 billion yuan achieved a new height in domestic films.

　

Action movies play an important role in all kinds of movies, and only such works can give full play to the sports characteristics of movies. In 2017, 28 domestic action movies landed in mainland cinemas, which captured 10.858 billion box office in one fell swoop, including 11 movies with over 100 million yuan, followed by Wolf Warriors 2 and. This data ranks first among all types, showing the unshakable dominance of such subjects.

"Wolf Warriors 2" stills

　　

Among all these 28 works, Wolf Warriors 2, a phenomenal explosive work, has to be mentioned.5.68 billion single box office volume, nearly 160 million people watching movies.It not only helped the film successfully rank among the TOP100 in the global box office list, but also achieved a new height of domestic films from many angles. The title of the first box office in 2017 and the box office champion in mainland film history is only a part. Wolf Warriors 2 proves with its own strength that the theme of the main melody can be perfectly compatible with the creation of commercial films, and the story full of feelings for home and country can touch countless audiences. Like Wolf Warriors 2, the film "Hunting in the Sky", which focuses on the theme of military action, was released in the National Day file, and it also achieved more than 320 million success.

Stills of "England vs. England"

　

Apart from Jason Wu and his "Wolf Warriors 2", another kung fu movie star also made an eye-catching performance in the film market in 2017. He is Jackie Chan, whom we are most familiar with. The action comedy "Kung Fu Yoga" in the Spring Festival has a total box office of over 1.64 billion. Exotic family fun stories and cool kung fu fighting scenes vividly show Jackie Chan’s personal film style. On the National Day, however, he subverted the past and appeared in a slightly old-fashioned style, bringing a serious theme and a cold action style. Adding up the data of the two works, Jackie Chan’s box office contribution to the 2017 domestic action movie has exceeded 2.1 billion.

　

Comedy films are on the rise rapidly, and the explosions "Shame" and "Tianzhu" win the schedule with laughter.

　

Comedy movies have brought new changes and opportunities to China film market again and again, and created countless box office myths of "Little Soldiers Make Great Achievements". In 2017, the comedy film genre still gathered the most creativity of China filmmakers, and the number of 43 cinema films stood out among all types. At the same time, the box office is still laughing and cursing all the way, and the success of 4.338 billion yuan has increased rapidly compared with last year.

Stills of "The Iron Fist of Shame"

　

Mahua FunAge’s team, which has sprung up in the film market in the past two years, after becoming the dark horse of the year, launched the masterpiece "The Iron Fist of Shame" in the National Day of 2017. A solid script that has been tested by hundreds of drama stages, as well as wonderful interpretations by Allen, Mary, Shen Teng and others, remake a story of men and women who are not novel, giving a different feeling. During the 11th holiday, "The Iron Fist of Shame" took the lead in the film market, eventually attracting 2.2 billion yuan, and the audience scored more than 9 points, achieving a double harvest at the box office and word of mouth.

Poster of "Make a scene in Tianzhu"

　

Ranked second is the box office of nearly 720 million. This film is Wang Baoqiang’s directorial debut, and it also achieved good market response when it was released in the Spring Festival in 2017. Looking at the popular schedules of the whole year, such as the New Year’s Eve, there are many comedies. This fully shows that comedy is still the most popular theme for the audience. It not only makes us say goodbye to the past in laughter, but also makes us welcome the future with a brand-new attitude.

Next page:Fantasy type highlights the film industry level, and the volume advantage of single box office is obvious.

　　Cctv newsAccording to the "Shanghai Release" WeChat WeChat official account news, the Shanghai Central Meteorological Observatory issued a blue gale warning signal at 14: 05 on September 29, 2021: Due to strong thunderstorm clouds, it is expected that there will be 7-9 thunderstorms and strong winds in Baoshan, Jiading, Chongming, the northern part of the central city and Pudong in the next 3 hours, so please take precautions.

　　Earlier, the Shanghai Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow warning signal for lightning at 13: 50: It is expected that lightning activities will occur in Baoshan, downtown, Jiading, Minhang, Qingpu, Songjiang, Chongming and Pudong before midnight today, accompanied by short-term heavy precipitation with a maximum of 20-30 mm per hour, 7-9 thunderstorms and strong winds, and there may be small hail in some areas.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. Check doors and windows, reinforce clothes racks, outdoor antennas, etc., and properly place outdoor flowerpots and other items that are easy to fall.

　　2. Try not to stay near glass doors and windows or billboards when going out.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. Stop carrying out outdoor activities in open places.

　　2. Stop swimming in rivers, lakes and seas.

　　3. Stay away from trees, corners or places with prominent metal objects; Don’t hold objects with sharp metal corners in your hands or carry them on your shoulders.

　　"The earth is the cradle of human beings, but human beings cannot live in the cradle forever." This is the heroic words of tsiolkovsky, the father of modern rockets. So far, man has landed on the moon and looked at his home from another perspective. However, one big step for mankind is not far enough. The inability to support transportation and the lack of dry food supplies have restricted human beings from leaving the "cradle", realizing interstellar travel and sailing, and looking for "relatives" who go to the earth.

　　Of course, all this has been realized in science fiction movies — — In a series of sci-fi movies such as Avatar in Interstellar, astronauts use the technology of "freezing dormancy" to reduce the metabolism of their bodies and realize long-distance interstellar travel with less supplies. Recently, NASA officially announced that it will fund SpaceWorks in Atlanta to develop a similar "suspended animation" technology to put astronauts into a short-term frozen sleep state during the long interstellar travel.

　　In real space missions, the supply needed by human astronauts will have a direct impact on mission execution. Obviously, putting astronauts into a short-term frozen sleep state will make space travel go further and more efficient. ● Wang Tengteng, a reporter from Nanfang Daily in Beijing, planned and coordinated Zhang Zhichao.

　　1. Freezing dormancy improves the efficiency of space travel.

　　According to reports, during the interplanetary voyage, the frozen dormancy cabin designed by SpaceWorks will make astronauts enter an inert and numb state, that is, a short-term frozen dormancy state. In this state, the physiological activities of astronauts are reduced, usually manifested in the decrease of body temperature and metabolic rate. This will greatly reduce the astronauts’ demand for external materials, and then greatly reduce the supplies they carry.

　　John Bradford, CEO of SpaceWorks, said that the "suspended animation" of human astronauts has always been regarded as the best solution for long-term space flight. According to the design scheme, the sleeping cabin of SpaceWorks is very small, located near the central node or crew cabin of the spacecraft, allowing astronauts to enter and exit directly. Brad Ford said: "We believe that 4-mdash; The supply demand of six astronauts can be reduced to 5-mdash; 7 tons, not the current 20-mdash; 50 tons. The space required for the astronaut habitat is about 20 square meters, while most current designs require 200 square meters. "

　　When the astronauts are in a frozen hibernation state, they will be covered with various sensors, so that other awake astronauts can monitor their status at any time. Astronauts will get the nutrients needed to maintain human body function through total parenteral nutrition intravenous injection, which can be excreted with urine. Astronauts will sleep for 14 days under the low temperature induced by this drug, and then wake up for 2-mdash; Three-day shift change to meet the dormancy needs of other astronauts.

　　2. Cooling process or damage to cells

　　It can be seen that astronauts’ freezing and dormancy can maximize the space and load utilization of spacecraft. The key is to reduce the consumption of astronauts during flight, that is, to minimize the metabolic rate of the human body.

　　There is no doubt that low temperature can reduce the metabolic rate of living things. Animals such as frogs and snakes all hibernate to reduce their metabolic rate. However, it is worth noting that the freezing dormancy of astronauts is not the same as the "human freezing" technology used by Du Hong, a female writer in Chongqing, China. The first problem to be solved in astronaut’s freezing and dormancy technology is the damage caused by low temperature to astronauts’ life.

　　Technically, human freezing dormancy refers to freezing human to -196℃ in a very short time, stopping cell activity and prolonging human life cycle indefinitely. Theoretically, freezing dormancy can be done. But at present, from the technical point of view, human beings can’t freeze and sleep and wake them up. The main problem is that when the body temperature drops to -5℃, the water in the cells will freeze and form ice crystals. These ice crystals can penetrate the cell membrane and cause serious tissue damage. In other words, people who sleep through freezing will not be able to wake up again.

　　The mechanism of long-term preservation of cells at low temperature is that the metabolism of cells slows down rapidly at low temperature. The lower the storage temperature, the slower the metabolism and the longer the storage time. For example, the blood in the blood center is often stored at -5℃, and the storage time is generally one month. Of course, if the damage to cells caused by low temperature is not considered, the blood should be preserved for a longer time if it is stored at -196℃.

　　But cryopreservation itself can also kill cells and damage tissues. The SpaceWorks funded by NASA has not announced how to deal with these risks, but we might as well take a look at these risks and the current research on how to deal with them. These risks include both chemical damage and physical damage.

　　The main culprit of chemical damage is the oxygen we live on. Needless to say, the importance of oxygen, but its other side is to destroy the essence of life molecules through oxidative decomposition. Especially when cells actively use oxygen, they will generate a large number of free radicals which are more active than molecular oxygen. Under normal circumstances, cells use a series of enzymes to directly or indirectly combat the damage caused by oxygen and its free radicals. However, with the decrease of temperature, although the speed of destruction also decreases, the resistance ability accelerated by enzyme catalysis will also decrease sharply with the drastic decrease of enzyme activity, and the originally balanced chemical reaction will eventually fall to the destructive side. This cannot be ignored.

　　The second is physical damage, which mainly refers to the damage to cells caused by liquid freezing at extremely low temperature. According to the research of Liqun He, a professor at the Institute of Cryobiology, University of Science and Technology of China, the only way to achieve freezing dormancy is to treat each cell at low temperature. In practical application, the first step of cryopreservation of cells is to add cryoprotectant (CPA) to cells and then cool them safely. It is worth noting that the temperature is not low enough to meet the requirements of freezing dormancy, but -15℃— The low temperature process of -60℃ is fatal to cells.

　　3. The cooling process is difficult to operate.

　　Adding solute to water will lower the freezing point of water. Generally speaking, the higher the solute concentration, the lower the freezing point, so the first step of successful cryopreservation is to add appropriate CPA, and high concentration solute has osmotic damage to cells, so it should be appropriate. Since 50 years ago, a British research group accidentally discovered that glycerol is an effective cryoprotectant for sperm and red blood cells, although new CPAs, such as ethylene glycol, methanol, propylene glycol and dimethyl sulfoxide, are constantly emerging, and some of them are more effective, glycerol is still one of the effective CPAs.

　　According to Liqun He and others, the experiment shows that after adding CPA, the cells are dehydrated first, and the volume begins to shrink, then CPA infiltrates and the volume expands. If the concentration of CPA is too high, its volume will shrink excessively and even exceed the tolerance limit of cells, resulting in damage.

　　During the cooling process, when the temperature drops to about -5℃, the cells and transmitters around them are not frozen, and they are all in a supercooled state, at -5℃— Between -15℃, the extracellular solution begins to freeze. If it is assumed that the cell membrane prevents the ice crystals from growing into the cell, the cell is still in a supercooled state without freezing. At this time, the chemical potential of water inside the cell increases, water begins to seep out of the cell, and then freezes outside the cell, and then the reaction of the cell depends on the cooling rate. Liqun He said that if the cooling is too fast, the cells will not have enough time to maintain the osmotic pressure balance of the internal and external solutions by oozing water, so that the intracellular solutions will be too cold, and eventually the cells will start to freeze.

　　Generally speaking, cooling too fast or too slow can kill cells. At the slow cooling rate, the low-temperature damage comes from the "solution effect", which leads to severe dehydration of cells. Under rapid cooling, the low temperature damage is caused by deadly intracellular ice. For a specific cell, there must be an optimal cooling rate with the highest cell recovery rate. The cooling rate is slow enough to prevent intracellular ice and fast enough to minimize the "solution effect".

　　According to reports, in addition to the above method, there is also a cooling method to make the cytoplasm glassy at present. Using ultra-fast cooling (> 106℃/min) or using high concentration CPA, the cytoplasm will form glassy state instead of intracellular ice. However, ultra-fast cooling is technically difficult. Several CPAs that can effectively improve the cooling damage in slow cooling can also be used to promote vitrification, but the required concentration is too high and it is too toxic to cells and tissues.

　　It should be noted that the cooling rate is too high or too low relative to the water permeability of cell membrane and related to the type of cells. Different cells have different permeability to water, which leads to different optimal cooling rates for different cells. Think about it carefully, the human body is composed of countless cells, and there are many differences between brain cells and liver cells. It is very difficult to target these cells with drugs, and it needs precise control. If you don’t pay attention, you can cause irreversible damage to cells. Compared with the current difficulty of oocyte cryopreservation, sperm or blood, it is almost impossible to accurately cool different cells.

　　Whether you can wake up is the key.

　　However, it is more difficult than accurately cooling different cells to reheat them. If astronauts can’t wake up from hibernation, what’s the point of freezing hibernation? How to rewarming cells safely is the "last mile" and the key point of freezing dormancy technology.

　　As mentioned above, in the process of injecting CPA into cells to cool down, cells are easily damaged. Similarly, in the process of rewarming, CPA must be pulled out of the cell, which is also full of danger. If the CPA is excessively diluted when it is taken out, the cells will absorb too much water and expand beyond the allowable upper limit, which will also cause cell damage.

　　Liqun He said that whether the rewarming process poses a threat to the survival of cells depends first on whether the previous cooling process induces intracellular ice or cell dehydration. If there is intracellular ice, rapid rewarming can prevent ice crystals from growing and destroying cells. However, even if there is no intracellular ice formation during slow cooling, the response of cells to rewarming rate depends on freezing conditions and cell types.

　　Moreover, it is also a big problem whether the body of the astronauts after waking up will be negatively affected. When the human muscles are in a static state for a long time, their functions will inevitably deteriorate to some extent. Although the similar "suspended animation" technology developed by SpaceWorks only allows the astronauts to sleep for 14 days, I believe everyone who has experienced it knows what it feels like to lie in bed for half a month.

　　This edition of pictures: information pictures

Speaking of Lu Xun, there is no doubt that Lu Xun was indeed a revolutionary fighter and a literary master in the Republic of China. Its style of writing is strong, and its style is detached. But although Lu Xun was a fighter, he was not Lu Sheng. We should know that no matter who is in the world, his first criterion is man, not God! Talking about Lu Xun’s women, many people are mistaken by the textbooks, only knowing that there is his student and wife Xu Guangping, and then some people know that Lu Xun has an original wife, Zhu An. But since ancient times, which talented person has not had several confidantes?

First, the first love Lu Qingu’s "wordless ending"

Lu Qingu was the first to enter into an engagement with Lu Xun. It was the summer and autumn of 1898, and Lu Xun’s mother took a fancy to Qin Gu, the eldest daughter of Lu Xun’s little uncle. Gu Qin and Lu Xun, when they were young, often read together and discussed ancient Chinese poetry. She was deeply impressed by Lu Xun, so when Lu Xun’s mother asked her advice, she threw herself into her aunt’s arms and said nothing, but she had a hundred wishes in her heart.

Lu Xun’s mother was very happy and immediately decided on a marriage. Unexpectedly, things happened suddenly. Lu Xun’s nanny’s mother has a distant niece, Zhu An, who has long wanted to introduce her to Lu Xun, but Lu Xun’s mother has booked a piano. The eldest mother gossiped in front of Lu Xun’s mother, saying that the combination of Lu Xun and Qin Gu was "offensive" and unlucky. Lu Xun’s mother was shaken. The next spring, she decided to arrange the marriage between Lu Xun and Zhu An.

Qin Gu’s father waited for the Zhou family to get married, but there was no information. Later, when he learned that Lu Xun had remarried, he had no choice but to betrothed Qin Gu to others. Maybe Qin Gu didn’t like this marriage, and maybe life wasn’t. Soon, Qin Gu fell ill and never got up again.

On her deathbed, Qin Gu held the nanny’s hand tightly and choked: "I have something on my mind that I must say before I die. It was Zhou Jialai who mentioned the kiss before, but then suddenly he didn’t mention it, and I don’t know why … … This incident is my lifelong regret, and I will never forget it until I die … …”

Qin Gu should be said to be Mr. Lu Xun’s "first love" when he was young. But somehow, this marriage was not mentioned in Lu Xun’s later works. Did Lu Xun forget it for the sake of following Ming’s career, or did he keep this beautiful feeling in his heart forever, or did they ever promise each other? Lu Xun must have his own difficulties, so he has nothing to say.

Second, the bleak life of the original wife Zhu An.

When Lu Xun was twenty-five years old, he was preparing to start his literary activities in Tokyo, Japan. Suddenly, he received letters from home urging him to return home. The letter said that his mother was very ill and wanted to meet her eldest son. When Lu Xun returned home anxiously, he realized that this was a scam.

It turned out that there was a rumor in his hometown that Lu Xun married a Japanese woman and gave birth to a child. He was seen walking in the streets of Tokyo with his wife and children. The people changed their ways to trick him into getting married. According to the old custom of "parents’ orders and matchmakers’ words", Lu Rui, Lu Xun’s mother, decided the marriage without Lu Xun’s consent.

　

Seeing this scene, Lu Xun was naturally angry, whether he was attached to Lu Qingu or had a beautiful face in a foreign country, but out of filial piety to his mother, he did not have an attack. On the second day of their marriage, Lu Xun didn’t go to the ancestral temple as usual. On the third day, while his family was not paying attention, he quietly ran away from home and went to Japan again. While Juan lived with her mother-in-law Lu Rui.

Perhaps Lu Xun’s first wife is also car-scrapping, a traditional good woman, that is: entering the Zhoujiamen, death is a Zhoujiagui. He is Lu Xun’s wife, which is recognized all over the world, but the protagonist Lu Xun doesn’t recognize it. In name, Zhu An has been widowed all his life. In fact, at least at this point, the original match defeated Lu Xun in ethics, although it was very sad. Lu Xun is an anti-feudal fighter, and of course he should be a revolutionary fighter. Arranged marriage is of course an ethical code in feudal society. It is feasible for civilians, but not for Lu Xun.

On June 29th, 1947, Zhu An died alone. I believe that if there is an afterlife, Zhu An will not go this way again.

Such tragedies were common in the old society. Perhaps because of his own experience, Lu wrote many articles about women’s rights, such as "Blessing", hoping that women in China would wake up … …

Third, the teacher-student relationship with Xu Guangping.

Lu Xun and Xu Guangping, the love between teachers and students, or that era, Lu Xun was Lu Xun from beginning to end.

Xu Guangping (1898 ~ 1968) was born in Fujian. In 1917, she studied in the preparatory course of Tianjin Zhili No.1 Women’s Normal School, served as the editor-in-chief of Wake the World Weekly, the journal of Tianjin Patriotic Comrades Association, and participated in the May 4th Movement. At the age of twenty-five, he was admitted to the Chinese Literature Department of Beijing Women’s Normal University and became a student of Lu Xun.

In January, 1927, Lu Xun went to Sun Yat-sen University as a teaching assistant and Guangzhou dialect translator, and soon married Lu Xun, who was seventeen years older than her. In 1929, she gave birth to a son, Zhou Haiying. Although this is the last ten years of Lu Xun’s life, "ten years together to share difficulties and dangers", we can’t help but say that it is a belated happiness.

Compared with Lu Xun, Hu Shi was "conservative" and had children with Jiang Dongxiu. Although Hu Shi was engaged to study in the United States, in addition to the sparks with Williams, the daughter of a professor at Cornell University, he also chased Chen Hengzhe, a talented woman from China who was also studying in the United States. Although the two romances were both under the external environment or internal moral consciousness, they had to end halfway, but they could not hurt their mother’s heart too much, which may also be his consideration.

But behind Lu Xun’s loveless marriage with Zhu An, he was willing to live this ascetic life, but in the depths of his subconscious, he did not give up his desire for the true ideal of love. So when Xu Guangping obviously took the initiative, they finally got together freely.

Fourth, with the female student Xu Xiansu, "The Story of Hair"

At the Women’s Normal University, Lu Xun met a young female student, Xu Xiansu, who was a classmate and good friend of Lu Xun’s cohabiting girlfriend Xu Guangping.

Lu Xun wrote "The Story of Hair" for her, and Cao Juren, a friend of Lu Xun, praised Sue as his "lover" in a biography about him. Xu Xiansu showed special concern for women in a very important part of Lu Xun’s life. But when Lu Xun left Beijing for the south, it was not Xu Xiansu, but her classmate and friend Xu Guangping.

Even on the way south, Lu Xun kept in touch with Xu Xiansu. Everywhere he went, there would be postcards reporting his whereabouts, while Lu Xun had been living with Xu Guangping for a long time. Why Lu Xun chose Xu Guangping is a mystery, at least no one has answered it.

After Lu Xun’s death, Xu Guangping wrote about his memoirs, except introducing Lu Xun’s diet and daily life, and left a lot of gaps in many important aspects. Some people analyzed the notes left by Xu Guangping, and realized that Xu Guangping actually had too much helplessness, and perhaps the taste of being a celebrity shadow was not good.

Five, with the female writer Xiao Hong hazy feelings.

Xiao Hong is a good family, but she is a young man with new ideas. Because of her dissatisfaction with feudal families and arranged marriages, she ran away from home when she was young. I lived with Xiao Jun in 1932, but ended up breaking up with Xiao Jun!

He became Lu Xun’s most loyal fan around 1934, and often came to visit his husband at Lu Xun’s house, sometimes even several times a day. One morning, she came and came back in the afternoon. Finally, I may feel that Xu Guangping’s position is unshakable. After all, with Lu Xun’s children, Xiao Hong had to go to Japan in 1936, and three years later she lived with Duanmu Xiaoliang and went to Hong Kong. Duanmu Xiaoliang was also a scholar and a romantic figure, and it was impossible to give Xiao Hong too much happiness. Finally, Xiao Hong died in Hong Kong after going through a rough road of her own choice, and died at the age of 31. … …

Sixth, the spiritual love with Mrs. Yamamoto of Japan

During Lu Xun’s stay in Shanghai, a good Japanese friend Uchiyama was a bookstore owner. He often went to Uchiyama Bookstore, but what he really went to was the back of the bookstore, where Yamamoto Chuzhi, a Japanese geisha, lived. Lu Xun’s letter to Mrs. Yamamoto is second only to Masuda’s among Japanese friends. For Masuda, he wrote to discuss academics or translation, while for Mrs. Yamamoto, he discussed life or emotion.

Once, Lu Xun wrote to Masuda that it was "a lonely thing" that Mrs. Yamamoto couldn’t come to Shanghai, but every letter to Mrs. Yamamoto would complain about "Shanghai loneliness", which was rare in other letters. Later, when Lu Xun died, Mrs. Yamamoto immediately lost her voice when she first heard his bad news. That was the man she used to be in loved one!

Seven, the subtle love affair with Ma Jue, the flower of Peking University.

According to textual research, Ma Jue, the most famous beauty queen in the history of Peking University, had a subtle affection with Ma Jue.

What must be explained here is that Lu Xun is not empathizing with others, or loving each other when he sees one, but I only take a ladle to drink when I am weak.

Lu Xun has always been cautious in dealing with personal feelings, but he was still caught by his old enemy. Lu Xun especially loves talents and likes to reward new literary talents, especially talented young women. Is Lu Xun in love with Ma Jue, a beautiful and talented woman? This question is not easy to answer, let alone to speculate for no reason.

But one thing is certain: Lu Xun likes this literary young woman with distinctive personality very much; What is certain is that Ma Jue, with great literary dreams and romantic feelings, also likes and worships her idol Lu Xun very much, even her secret love may not be known. If you have read Lu Xun’s Diary, you will find that there are broken files and missing places in the middle. Was this part destroyed or hidden by Lu Xun or later generations? Nowadays, it is hard to find out. Did this disappearing part of the diary record the secret passion of Lu Xun, a great literary master? I’m afraid all this is only known to the parties. But I prefer to believe that this has nothing to do with Lu Xun’s personality.

If there is any scandal between the two, it should be the result of Lu Xun’s old enemy’s embellishment and malicious attack.

Link after the article: Is the affection with my sister-in-law a grievance?

But the most puzzling thing is that Zhou Zuoren held a contemptuous attitude towards Lu Xun’s marriage choice. In his view, the cohabitation between Lu Xun and Xu Guangping was caused by eroticism, and it was an old literati’s act of concubinage. It is puzzling to think that Zhou Zuoren, who has always advocated freedom of personality and healthy morality, did not tolerate the life journey of free love at this time.

In fact, Zhou Zuoren, a great traitor, is a very sensible person in love between men and women. He knows that free love is the evolution of human beings. But why are you so harsh on Lu Xun? The author thinks that one is the resentment formed by Yu Taixin’s son, and the other is to consider the problem from Zhu An’s point of view and feel that Juan is too pitiful. The latter reason, the author thinks, is quite in line with his thinking. He once thought that love could not bring pain to others, otherwise, it would be immoral.

Let’s talk about another truth that the relationship between Zhou Zuoren and Lu Xun has deteriorated. In February 1919, Lu Xun sold his ancestral home in Shaoxing and moved his family to Beiping. Badaowan, a new residence, is a big quadrangle with "three entrances", which is high-open, spacious and bright. Considering the living habits of Yutaizi’s family, Lu Xun specially converted several houses in the backyard into Japanese format.

I didn’t expect Badaowan to become the king of Yutai Shinko. In life, she ostentatiously talks about ostentation and extravagance, spends money like water and has no plan. If the food doesn’t taste good, it will be withdrawn to the kitchen for redoing. She has only given birth to two children, and there are at least six or seven male and female servants employed by the whole family, not counting rickshaw drivers who take the children to school. In this regard, Zhou Zuoren at least acquiesced. All he wants is to reach out for food and clothes, and the peace of the desk in the "bitter rain Zhai", and nothing else is asked or heard.

But all this still can’t satisfy YuTaiXinZi. Her real goal is that only her own family can be accommodated in Badaowan. In this way, ten months after her third brother Zhou Jianren was driven away, she laid hands on Lu Xun.

I don’t know what she blew in one ear and out the other to Zhou Zuoren on the pillow, and what sewage poison saliva she spilled on Lu Xun, — — It is never possible for others to know about this — — All we know is that on this day, on July 19th, 1922, Zhou Zuoren suddenly held a letter in his hand, which read "Mr. Lu Xun" and gnashed his teeth: "Please don’t come to the back yard in the future!" Lu Xun was surprised and wanted to ask, "I want to ask after the invitation." Visible feather too letter son this bite how poison! In this way, Lu Xun was also expelled from Badaowan by Zhou Zuoren and his wife.

For this period of history, some Lu Xun researchers speculated that it was he who took a look at his sister-in-law’s bath that led to the disharmony between his brothers. However, according to Mr. Zhangchuandao, who lived in Badaowan guest room at that time, the house in the backyard of Badaowan had a trench outside the window and flowers planted, so people could not get close.

However, the author analyzes it with modern ideas, but has his own views. Let’s talk about it here. I thought that when Lu Xun and Zhou Zuoren were studying in Tokyo, Japanese customs, general family bathing, men and women coming in and out, did not avoid each other. According to the above, it was common to contact the Zhou brothers who lived in the same hospital at that time and went in and out of each other’s residence. In this case, it was not Lu Xun’s fault to accidentally meet, and Lu Xun would never peek at his sister-in-law’s body! This week, Zhou Zuoren was too cruel to his brother.

General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing

Notice of National Nutrition Plan (2017-2030)
Guo Ban Fa [2017] No.60

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

The National Nutrition Plan (2017-2030) has been approved by the State Council and is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the General Office of the State Council

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　June 30, 2017

(This piece is publicly released)

National Nutrition Plan (2017-2030)

Nutrition is an important material basis for human beings to maintain life, growth and health, and national nutrition is related to the improvement of national quality and economic and social development. In recent years, the living standards of Chinese people have been continuously improved, the nutrition supply capacity has been significantly enhanced, and the nutritional health status of the people has been significantly improved. However, it still faces problems such as the coexistence of insufficient nutrition and excessive nutrition, frequent nutrition-related diseases, and the lack of universal nutrition and healthy lifestyle, which has become an important factor affecting national health. This plan is formulated in order to implement the Outline of Healthy China 2030 and improve the national nutrition and health level.

I. General requirements

(1) Guiding ideology.We will fully implement the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and the Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee, thoroughly implement the spirit of the series of important speeches by the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the new ideas, ideas and strategies for governing the country, closely focus on promoting the overall layout of the "five in one" and coordinating the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, firmly establish and implement the new development concept, and persist in taking people’s health as the center. Focusing on popularizing nutrition and health knowledge, optimizing nutrition and health services, perfecting nutrition and health system, building a nutrition and health environment and developing nutrition and health industry, based on the present situation and focusing on the long-term, we should pay attention to nutrition and health in the whole life cycle and health process of the people, integrate nutrition into all health policies, continuously meet the nutritional and health needs of the people, improve the health level of the whole people, and lay a solid foundation for building a healthy China.

(2) Basic principles.

Adhere to government guidance. Pay attention to overall planning, integrate resources, improve the system and perfect the system, give full play to the role of the market in allocating nutritional resources and providing services, and create a policy environment for the whole society to participate in the national nutrition and health work.

Adhere to scientific development. Explore and grasp the law of healthy development of nutrition, give full play to the leading role of science and technology, strengthen the research and development and application of appropriate technologies, improve the national nutrition and health literacy, and enhance the scientific level of nutrition work.

Adhere to innovation and integration. Reform and innovation will drive the transformation and upgrading of nutritious agriculture, food processing industry and catering industry, enrich the supply of nutritious and healthy products, and promote the integration of nutrition and health with industrial development.

Adhere to co-construction and sharing. Give full play to the important role of nutrition-related professional academic groups, industry associations and other social organizations, as well as enterprises and individuals in the implementation of the national nutrition plan, and promote the benign interaction, orderly participation and responsibility of all parties in society, so that everyone can enjoy health and well-being.

(3) Main objectives.

By 2020, the standard system of nutrition laws and regulations will be basically perfect; The nutrition work system is basically sound, the nutrition work system of provinces, cities and counties is gradually improved, and the nutrition work at the grassroots level is strengthened; The food nutrition and health industry has developed rapidly, and traditional food and nutrition services have become increasingly rich; The level of nutrition and health informatization has been gradually improved; The malnutrition status of key populations has been significantly improved, the healthy lifestyle of eating balance has been further popularized, and the nutritional and health literacy of residents has been significantly improved. Achieve the following objectives:

-reduce the anemia rate of the population. The anemia rate of children under 5 years old is controlled below 12%; The anemia rate of pregnant women dropped below 15%; The anemia rate of the elderly population dropped below 10%; The anemia rate of people in poor areas should be controlled below 10%.

—— The folic acid deficiency rate of pregnant women should be controlled below 5%; The exclusive breastfeeding rate of infants aged 0-6 months is over 50%; The growth retardation rate of children under 5 years old should be controlled below 7%.

-the growth retardation rate of rural primary and secondary school students should be kept below 5%, so as to narrow the height difference between urban and rural students; The rising trend of students’ obesity rate slowed down.

-improve the nutrition screening rate of inpatients and the proportion of nutritional treatment for malnourished inpatients.

-the awareness rate of residents’ nutrition and health knowledge has increased by 10% on the existing basis.

By 2030, the standard system of nutrition laws and regulations will be more perfect, the nutrition work system will be more perfect, the food nutrition and health industry will continue to develop healthily, the traditional food and nutrition services will be more abundant, the intelligent application of "internet plus Nutrition and Health" will be widely promoted, the nutrition and health literacy of residents will be further improved, and the nutrition and health status will be significantly improved. Achieve the following objectives:

-further reduce the anemia rate of key populations. The anemia rate of children under 5 years old and the anemia rate of pregnant women should be controlled below 10%.

-the growth retardation rate of children under 5 years old has dropped to below 5%; The exclusive breastfeeding rate of infants aged 0-6 months will increase by 10% on the basis of 2020.

-further narrowing the height difference between urban and rural students; The rising trend of students’ obesity rate has been effectively controlled.

-further improve the nutrition screening rate of inpatients and the proportion of malnutrition inpatients.

-The awareness rate of residents’ nutrition and health knowledge will continue to increase by 10% on the basis of 2020.

-The daily salt intake per capita in China has been reduced by 20%, and the growth rate of overweight and obesity among residents has slowed down significantly.

Second, improve the implementation strategy

(1) Improve the standard system of nutrition laws, regulations, policies and standards.

Promote nutrition legislation and policy research. Carry out research work on nutrition-related legislation and further improve the system of nutrition laws and regulations. To study and formulate rules and regulations on clinical nutrition management and nutrition monitoring management. Formulate and improve policies related to nutrition and health. Study and establish nutrition and health steering committees at all levels, and strengthen technical consultation and guidance on nutrition and health regulations, policies and standards.

Improve the standard system. Strengthen the basic research and measures to ensure the formulation of standards, and improve the ability of standard formulation and revision. Scientifically and timely formulate nutrition and health standards based on food safety. To formulate and revise the industry standards of China residents’ dietary nutrient reference intake, dietary survey methods, population malnutrition risk screening, dietary guidance for diabetics, and population nutrition survey. Study and formulate the general rules of nutritious food for the elderly, nutrition labeling of catering food and other standards, and speed up the revision of important national food safety standards such as general rules of nutrition labeling, standards for the use of food nutrition fortifiers and infant formula food in prepackaged foods.

(2) Strengthen the building of nutrition capacity.

Strengthen the capacity building of nutrition scientific research. Accelerate the research and formulation of reference intake of dietary nutrients based on Chinese population data, change the status quo of relying on foreign population research results, and give priority to the study of important nutrient requirements such as iron and iodine. Study and improve the techniques and methods of food and population nutrition monitoring and evaluation. Study and formulate prevention and control technologies and strategies for nutrition-related diseases. Carry out economic research on nutrition and health, nutrition and social development. Strengthen the construction of national nutrition and health research institutions, and establish 3-5 regional nutrition innovation platforms and 20-30 provincial-level nutrition special key laboratories based on national and provincial nutrition professional institutions.

Strengthen the cultivation of nutrition talents. Strengthen professional education and high-level personnel training of nutrition talents, and promote nutrition training for clinicians in hospitals, maternal and child health care institutions, primary health care institutions, and catering personnel in centralized catering units. Carry out the training of nutritionists, nutrition caterers and other talents, and promote qualified schools, kindergartens, pension institutions and other places to equip or hire nutritionists. Make full use of social resources and carry out nutrition education and training.

(3) Strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of nutrition and food safety.

Regularly monitor the nutritional status of the population. Regularly monitor the nutritional health status and food consumption status of the national representative population, and collect information such as food consumption, nutrient intake, physical measurement and laboratory testing. According to the regional characteristics, the monitoring area and the monitoring population will be gradually expanded according to the needs.

Strengthen the monitoring of food ingredients. Expand the monitoring content of food ingredients, carry out regular monitoring, and collect data on nutritional ingredients, functional ingredients, ingredients related to special diseases, and harmful ingredients. Continuously update and improve the national food ingredient database. Establish laboratory reference system and strengthen quality control.

Carry out comprehensive evaluation and evaluation. Rescue historical investigation data, collect and systematically sort out all kinds of monitoring data in time, and establish a database. Carry out the evaluation of the nutritional health status of the population and the nutritional value of food. Risk-benefit assessment of dietary nutrient intake, pollutants and other harmful substances exposure was carried out to provide basis for formulating scientific dietary guidance.

Strengthening iodine nutrition monitoring and prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders. We will continue to monitor the urine iodine, water iodine and salt iodine of people and investigate the iodine in key foods, gradually expand the coverage areas and people, and establish a database of iodine nutrition status of China residents. To study and formulate scientific evaluation techniques and indicators of iodine nutrition status of the population. Formulate differentiated iodine intervention measures and implement accurate iodine supplementation.

(4) Developing food nutrition and health industry.

Intensify efforts to promote the production of nutritious and high-quality edible agricultural products. Prepare guidance on improving the nutritional quality of edible agricultural products, improve the nutritional level of high-quality agricultural products, and increase the overall proportion of "three products and one standard" (pollution-free agricultural products, green food, organic agricultural products and geographical indications of agricultural products) in similar agricultural products to more than 80%. Establish a nutritional agricultural product extension system, promote the nutrition upgrade and expansion of high-quality edible agricultural products, and promote the safe and nutritious agricultural products in poverty-stricken areas to go out. Research and build a continuously rolling national agricultural product nutrition quality database and a food nutrition supply and demand balance decision support system.

Standardize and guide the development of food nutrition and health industry to meet different needs. Develop and utilize China’s rich characteristic agricultural products resources, and focus on developing new nutritious and healthy foods such as health food, nutrition-fortified food and double protein food according to the health needs of different groups of people. Strengthen industrial guidance, standardize market order, scientifically guide consumption, and promote the coordinated development of production, consumption, nutrition and health.

Carry out demonstration and promotion of healthy cooking mode and balanced nutrition catering. Strengthen the nutritional transformation of traditional cooking methods and develop healthy cooking models. Combined with the nutritional needs of the population and the characteristics of regional food resources, a systematic study on balanced nutrition catering was carried out. Establish a national food nutrition education demonstration base, carry out the construction of demonstration healthy canteens and healthy restaurants, and promote healthy cooking mode and balanced nutrition catering.

Strengthen the implementation of major projects such as nutritious staple food and double protein project. Continue to promote the research and development of potato staple food products and consumer guide, focusing on traditional popular, regional characteristic, leisure and functional products, and carry out demonstration and guidance of nutritious staple food. With high-quality animal and plant protein as the main nutritional base, we will intensify our efforts to innovate basic research and processing technology, and carry out the transformation and promotion of key products of double protein engineering.

Accelerate the nutritional transformation of food processing. Priority should be given to the study of the amount of oil, salt and sugar in processed foods and their correlation with health, and timely control measures for oil, salt and sugar in processed foods should be introduced. Put forward the path of nutritional transformation of food processing technology, and integrate the technical system to reduce nutrient loss and avoid the production of toxic and harmful substances. To study the effects of different storage and transportation conditions on food nutrients and control the nutritional loss during food storage and transportation.

(5) Vigorously develop traditional feeding and maintenance services.

Strengthen the guidance of traditional food and nutrition. Give full play to the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine, formulate guidelines for residents’ food and nutrition in line with China’s current situation, and guide the development of food and nutrition habits in line with the dietary characteristics of different regions in China. Promote the spread of traditional food and nutrition knowledge through various forms, and promote the effective integration of traditional food and nutrition with modern nutrition and physical fitness. Carry out food support guidance for the elderly, children, pregnant women and people with chronic diseases, and improve residents’ food support literacy. Implement the health project of preventing diseases with traditional Chinese medicine, and further improve the food and nutrition system suitable for national health needs.

Carry out monitoring and evaluation of traditional health-preserving ingredients. Establish a monitoring and evaluation system of traditional health-preserving ingredients, carry out monitoring and safety evaluation of effective components and pollutants in ingredients, and further improve the list of items that are both food and Chinese herbal medicines in China. In-depth investigation, screening a number of traditional ingredients and compatibility with certain use history and empirical basis, and making an empirical study on their health-preserving effects. Construction of health food database and information sharing platform.

Promote the research and development of traditional food and nutrition products and industrial upgrading. Combine modern food processing industry with traditional food products and formulas, promote the standardization of products and formulas, promote industrial scale, and form a number of food products with great social and economic value. Establish a resource monitoring network covering the main producing areas of health-preserving ingredients in China, grasp the dynamic changes of resources, and provide timely information services for research and development, production and consumption.

(6) Strengthen the sharing and utilization of basic data on nutrition and health.

Vigorously promote the sharing of nutrition and health data. Relying on the existing information platform, strengthen the information construction of nutrition and health, and improve the food composition and population health monitoring information system. Establish information sharing and exchange mechanism to promote interconnection and data sharing. Collaborative sharing of environment, agriculture, food and drug, medical care, education, sports and other information and data resources, the construction of cross-industry integration, cross-regional sharing, cross-business application of the basic data platform. Establish a nutrition and health data standard system and an electronic certification service system to effectively improve information security capabilities. Actively promote the "Nutrition and Health in internet plus" service and promote the pilot demonstration of big data application, so as to drive the development of nutrition and health-oriented information technology industry.

Comprehensively deepen data analysis and intelligent application. Establish a directory system of nutrition and health data resources, formulate management norms for hierarchical authorization, classified application and safety review, promote the open sharing of data resources, and strengthen the innovative application of data resources in various fields. Promote comprehensive analysis and mining of multi-domain data, carry out research on application scenarios of data analysis, build models of correlation analysis, trend prediction, scientific early warning and decision support, promote an integrated big data-driven service system, support business integration, inter-departmental collaboration, social services and scientific decision-making, and realize accurate government management and efficient services.

Vigorously carry out information service for the benefit of the people. Develop wearable devices and mobile terminals (APPs) that gather nutrition, sports and health information, promote the integration of internet plus, big data frontier technology and nutrition and health, develop personalized and differentiated electronic products of nutrition and health, such as nutrition calculator, mobile application of dietary nutrition and sports health guidance, and provide convenient and accessible health information technology products and services.

(7) Popularize nutrition and health knowledge.

Improve the supply and dissemination of nutrition and health science information. Around the needs of national nutrition and food safety science popularization, combined with local food resources and eating habits, combined with the traditional concept of food support, we compiled nutrition and food safety science popularization materials suitable for residents in different regions and different groups, so as to make the science popularization work better. Innovate the expression forms of popular science information, expand communication channels, and establish a national nutrition and food safety popular science platform for free sharing. Adopt a variety of communication methods and channels to spread popular science information to the target population in a targeted and accurate way. Strengthen the construction of popular science teams in nutrition and food safety. Give full play to the positive role of the media, resolutely oppose pseudoscience, crack down on and deal with various forms of rumors according to law, find and correct false nutrition propaganda in time, and avoid misleading nutrition information.

Promote the normalization of nutrition and health science education activities. Take the National Nutrition Week, the National Food Safety Publicity Week, the "May 20" National Student Nutrition Day and the "May 15" National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Prevention Day as opportunities to vigorously carry out popular science education activities and promote the normalization of education activities. Promote the awareness rate of national nutrition and food safety knowledge into the assessment indicators of healthy cities and healthy villages and towns. The establishment of nutrition, food safety science demonstration workplace, such as nutrition, food safety science hut. Regularly evaluate the effect of popular science propaganda, timely guide and adjust the contents and methods of propaganda, and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of propaganda work. Carry out public opinion monitoring, respond to social concerns, reasonably guide public opinion, and solve doubts and doubts for the public.

Third, carry out major actions

(1) Nutrition and Health Action for 1000 Days in Early Life.

Carry out nutritional evaluation and dietary guidance before and during pregnancy. Promote maternal and child health care institutions at or above the county level to provide nutritional guidance to pregnant women, and incorporate nutritional evaluation and dietary guidance into pre-pregnancy and pregnancy examinations in China. Carry out nutritional screening and intervention for pregnant women to reduce the birth rate of low birth weight infants and macrosomia. Establish a 1000-day nutrition consultation platform for early life.

Implement the nutrition intervention plan for women and children. We will continue to promote the project of folic acid supplementation for rural women to prevent neural tube defects, actively guide pregnant women to strengthen the supplementation of various micronutrients including folic acid and iron, reduce the anemia rate of pregnant women, and prevent nutritional deficiency in children. On the basis of reasonable diet, we will promote the intervention project of pregnant women in nutrition package.

Improve breastfeeding rate and cultivate scientific feeding behavior. Further improve the breastfeeding security system, improve the breastfeeding environment, and establish maternal and child rooms in public places, institutions, enterprises and institutions. Study and formulate scientific feeding strategies for infants and young children, and publicize and guide reasonable complementary feeding. Strengthen the monitoring and early warning of infant diarrhea and malnutrition cases, and study and formulate and implement prevention and control strategies for food-borne diseases (diarrhea, etc.) in infants.

Improve the quality and safety of infant food and promote the healthy development of the industry. Strengthen the monitoring of nutritional components and key pollutants of infant formula and supplementary food, and revise and improve the standards of infant formula and supplementary food in a timely manner. Improve research and development capabilities and continuously improve the quality of infant formula food and supplementary food.

(2) Student nutrition improvement actions.

Instruct students to have a nutritious meal. Encourage local governments to formulate recipe guides to meet the nutritional needs of students of different ages according to local conditions, and guide students to eat scientifically and nutritionally. Formulate and implement the nutrition operation norms of collective feeding units.

Intervention on overweight and obesity of students. Carry out the weight management and intervention strategy of "exercise plus nutrition" for students, carry out balanced diet and nutrition education for students, and enhance students’ physical exercise. Strengthen the management of food sales in and around the campus. Strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of students’ overweight and obesity, analyze the influencing factors such as family, school and society, and put forward targeted comprehensive intervention measures.

Carry out nutrition and health education for students. Promote primary and secondary schools to strengthen nutrition and health education. Combined with the characteristics of students of different ages, various forms of nutrition and health education activities are carried out in and out of class.

(3) Nutrition improvement actions for the elderly.

To monitor and evaluate the nutritional status of the elderly. Relying on the national gerontology research institutions and primary health care institutions, establish and improve the nutrition screening and evaluation system for the elderly in China, compile the nutrition health status evaluation guide, and develop appropriate nutrition screening tools. Pilot the monitoring, screening and evaluation of the nutritional status of the elderly population and form a regional demonstration, gradually covering more than 80% of the elderly population in China, and basically grasping the nutritional health status of the elderly population in China.

Establish nutrition improvement measures to meet the needs of different elderly people and promote "healthy aging". Relying on primary medical and health institutions, provide dietary guidance and consultation for the elderly at home. Introduce the standard of nutritional diet for the elderly, and guide the nutritional catering in hospitals, community canteens, medical and nursing institutions and pension institutions. Develop food products suitable for the nutrition and health needs of the elderly. Special nutrition intervention should be given to the elderly with low weight to gradually improve the overall health level of the elderly population.

Establish a nutrition and health management and care system for the elderly. Gradually incorporate the nutritional health status of the elderly into the residents’ health records to achieve seamless docking and effective management. Relying on the existing work foundation, nutrition work should be included in family health care services. Promote the multi-sectoral cooperation mechanism and realize the effective connection between nutrition work and the service content of medical care.

(4) Clinical nutrition action.

Establish and improve the clinical nutrition work system. Through the pilot demonstration, we will further promote the clinical nutrition work in an all-round way, strengthen the construction of clinical nutrition departments, make the ratio of clinical nutritionists to beds reach 1∶150, increase the multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment mode, set up a nutrition support team, carry out nutritional treatment, and gradually expand the pilot scope.

Carry out nutritional screening, evaluation, diagnosis and treatment for inpatients. Gradually carry out nutritional screening for inpatients to understand their nutritional status. Establish a standardized clinical nutrition treatment path based on nutrition screening, evaluation, diagnosis and treatment, and provide nutrition treatment for malnourished inpatients according to the principle of nutrition ladder treatment, and regularly evaluate its effect.

Promote nutrition prevention and treatment of nutrition-related chronic diseases. Formulate and improve clinical nutrition intervention guidelines for chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, stroke and cancer. Carry out nutrition evaluation work for inpatients with nutrition-related chronic diseases and implement classified guidance treatment. Establish a long-term nutrition management model for patients with nutrition-related chronic diseases from hospitals, communities to families, and carry out nutrition grading treatment.

Promote the standardized application of formula food and therapeutic diet for special medical purposes. Further study and improve the standard of formula food for special medical use, refine product classification, and promote the research and development and production of formula food for special medical use. Establish a unified nutritional standard for clinical therapeutic diet and gradually improve the formula of therapeutic diet. Strengthen the training of medical staff related knowledge.

(5) Nutrition interventions in poverty-stricken areas.

Incorporate nutrition intervention into health poverty alleviation work, and carry out nutrition and dietary guidance according to local conditions. Piloting the monitoring of nutritional health status, food consumption patterns, main nutritional components and pollutants in food for all kinds of people. Formulate dietary nutrition guidance programs according to local conditions, and carry out regional accurate classification guidance and publicity and education. In order to improve the nutritional status of residents and reduce the risk of specific pollutants intake, the feasibility of agricultural planting and breeding and the adjustment of residents’ dietary structure was studied, and solutions and specific measures were put forward, which were piloted in conditional areas.

Implement nutrition intervention for key populations in poverty-stricken areas. We will continue to promote the implementation of the nutrition improvement plan for rural compulsory education students and the nutrition improvement project for children in poverty-stricken areas, and gradually cover all key counties for poverty alleviation and development and counties in concentrated contiguous poverty-stricken areas. Encourage schools in poverty-stricken areas to combine local resources and carry out reasonable catering according to local conditions, and improve students’ dining conditions at school. Continue to monitor and evaluate the nutritional health status and food safety risks of students in poverty-stricken areas. According to the nutritional needs of people in poor areas, formulate and improve nutrition and health policies and standards. Monitoring nutrition intervention products and regularly evaluating the improvement effect.

Strengthen the monitoring and prevention of food-borne diseases in poverty-stricken areas, and reduce the nutritional deficiency caused by food-borne diseases. Strengthen the construction of food-borne disease monitoring network and reporting system in poverty-stricken areas, understand the main food-borne diseases in poverty-stricken areas, epidemic trends, and their impact on the nutrition and health status of local residents, focus on strengthening diarrhea monitoring and traceability investigation, and master the sources and transmission routes of food pollution. According to the key points of food-borne diseases, the prevention and control strategies are formulated. Carry out publicity and education on the integration of nutrition and health.

(6) eat dynamic balance action.

Promote a healthy lifestyle. Actively promote the healthy lifestyle of the whole people, and extensively carry out special actions focusing on "three reductions and three health" (reducing salt, oil and sugar, healthy mouth, healthy weight and healthy bones). Popularize and apply the Dietary Guidelines for China Residents to guide the daily diet, control the salt intake, gradually quantify the use of salt and oil, and reduce the hidden salt intake. Advocate the basic principle of balanced diet, adhere to the dietary pattern of diverse foods and cereals, and promote the formation and consolidation of healthy eating habits of the people. Propagandize the concept of scientific exercise, cultivate the habit of exercise and fitness, strengthen personal weight management, and intervene in diet and exercise for adults who are overweight and obese. Regularly revise and publish dietary guidelines for residents and physical activity guidelines for adults.

Improve the nutritional support ability and effect of sports people. Establish a nutrition network information service platform for sports people, build a sports nutrition prescription library, promote accurate nutrition guidance for sports people, and reduce the risk of sports injuries. Revise the national standards and industry standards related to sports nutritious food in time, improve the research and development ability of sports nutritious food technology, and promote industrial development.

Promote the integration of sports and medicine. To investigate the nutritional status and exercise behavior of people with nutrition-related chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity and bone diseases, and to construct a health management model of nutrition exercise with prevention as the main factor and prevention as the combination. To study and establish the path of exercise intervention for nutrition-related chronic diseases. Construct a model of integration of physical education and medicine, and play an active role of exercise intervention in the prevention and rehabilitation of nutrition-related chronic diseases.

Fourth, strengthen organization and implementation

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership.Local governments at all levels should combine local conditions, strengthen organizational guarantee, make overall plans and coordinate, formulate implementation plans, refine work measures, and incorporate the implementation of the national nutrition plan into government performance evaluation to ensure effective results. Health and family planning departments at all levels should work with relevant departments to clarify the division of responsibilities, strengthen supervision and evaluation, and implement all tasks.

(2) Guarantee the investment of funds.It is necessary to increase investment in the national nutrition plan, fully rely on all sources of funds, guide social forces to participate extensively and diversify their investment, and strengthen fund supervision.

(3) Extensive publicity and mobilization.It is necessary to organize professional organizations, trade associations, associations and news media to carry out multi-channel and multi-form thematic publicity activities, enhance the general awareness of the national nutrition plan in the whole society, win the support of all parties, and promote the participation of the whole people.

(4) Strengthening international cooperation.Strengthen exchanges with international organizations and relevant national nutrition professional institutions, and enhance China’s international influence in the field of nutrition and health through project cooperation, education and training, and academic seminars.

More and more people talk about "emo" and often feel "I’m decadent", "I’m depressed", "I’m stupid" and "I’m unhappy" … You know, bad mood can really cause physical discomfort. Burnout is not just an adjective, psychological problems may indeed lead to heart disease. So, what psychological conditions will lead to heart disease and sudden death? How to avoid heart disease caused by psychological problems? Liu Meiyan, director of anzhen hospital Intracardiac Double Heart Medical Center, explained this.

"Broken heart" can really cause heart disease.

I talked about a vigorous love and suddenly fell out of love. Within the next two weeks, a serious heart attack occurred. In anzhen hospital, about 100 cases of young people suffering from heart attacks are treated every year.

This "heartbreak syndrome" is also called stress heart injury in medicine.

In fact, heart disease caused by heartbreak is very common in clinic. Liu Meiyan once attended the golden wedding celebration of an elderly patient, but a few years later, one of the couple died and the other died within the next 48 hours. "After an old man is acute heart failure. This is also a very important case of heartbreak syndrome or stress heart disease. " Liu Meiyan said, "When you are angry and anxious, you will feel uncomfortable in your heart. This situation should also be especially careful. Psychological stress myocardial ischemia may have occurred."

Psychological stress myocardial ischemia means that some myocardium suddenly stops working normally, which leads to poor pumping of blood. At this time, there is no blockage of blood vessels. "But we must not relax our vigilance against this kind of myocardial ischemia, because it means that in the near future, myocardial infarction may suddenly occur." Liu Meiyan said that myocardial infarction means that a certain blood supply artery of the heart is blocked, which leads to the serious situation of ischemia and hypoxia and even necrosis of some myocardial cells.

"Mental stress and negative emotions may also bring a series of other heart problems, such as sudden atrial fibrillation, arrhythmia, heart failure and so on." For example, after the COVID-19 epidemic, Liu Meiyan and her team clearly saw that many people were anxious and restless. Specific performance in the biological indicators, that is, blood pressure fluctuations back and forth.

"In the past, a antihypertensive drug, now one and a half or two tablets don’t work. In the past, a medicine that took care of the heart always hurts." This is also a heart disease caused by emotional stress.

Why do stress and emotions cause heart problems? Liu Meiyan explained that as early as 2000 years ago, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the theory of "seven emotions causing diseases" was put forward in the medical masterpiece Huangdi Neijing. It is mentioned in the book that the seven emotions of joy, anger, worry, thinking, sadness, fear and shock are too strong or persistent, which exceeds the physiological and psychological adaptability of the human body, and may lead to disorder of viscera and qi, disorder of qi and blood operation, and eventually induce diseases.

"When a person is in an unstable and irritable emotional state for a long time, his heart will be difficult to calm down." Liu Meiyan explained, "For example, some elderly people tend to think about things at home every day. The child waited at the door ten minutes before coming home from work, and came back later, with all kinds of messy pictures in his head. This restless heart is like a calm water surface, and all the impressions in my heart are often distorted, which actually means changes in neuroendocrine. "

According to the data of China Cardiovascular Health and Disease Report in recent years, the incidence of cardiovascular disease in China has been increasing continuously, and cardiovascular disease ranks first in the cause of death among Chinese residents. The main risk factors of cardiovascular disease are hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking and other biological factors, but the influence of psychological factors on cardiovascular disease should not be underestimated.

During the period of major events and natural disasters, there is indeed a high incidence of cardiovascular events. During the 2006 World Cup in Germany, a team of emergency doctors in Germany recorded the incidence of acute cardiovascular events in Munich during the World Cup in Germany. The results show that the incidence of acute cardiovascular events is 2.66 times higher than that of the same period in previous years on the day of the German team competition, and the most common occurrence time is 2 hours after the start of the competition.

In today’s fast-paced society, everyone needs to face many pressures in life and work, and it is inevitable that negative emotions will come to mind. Therefore, we must not underestimate the threat of negative emotions to health.

"From the imaging point of view, when the human body is at rest, the magnetic resonance imaging of the heart is normal; Once angry, there will be extensive ischemia in the myocardium, and the concept of blood supply and wall motion will change. We call it emergency ischemia. " Liu Meiyan said, "It is destructive in that it directly destroys the link between the nerve and the heart."

Psychocardiac medical evaluation can help early prevention and early treatment.

"I will have a heart attack? Will you die suddenly? What are the symptoms of heart disease? What should I do when I have an attack? How to avoid emergencies leading to illness? " When you understand the relationship between negative emotions and heart disease, you may ask these questions at the first time.

Liu Meiyan said that at present, it is medically possible to evaluate who is prone to heart disease, who is prone to injury and who is prone to atrial fibrillation. This assessment is divided into biological indicators and psychological indicators, which together are called "double heart" and psychological heart disease.

"In fact, we can make an effective judgment from ECG and a clear judgment from imaging." Liu Meiyan said.

For example, let the patient do exercise treadmill test and check his myocardial nuclide, that is, inject radioactive elements. These radioactive elements are quickly absorbed by normal myocardial cells, and the heart is stable at rest, so the distribution of radioactive elements is uniform. However, once he exercises, the cardiac image will show an uneven state, which means myocardial ischemia. Such people should be especially careful when they are active. If they run continuously, acute myocardial infarction will easily occur.

Some people, mental stress will lead to myocardial ischemia, monitoring them will find that using their brains and thinking about something continuously will lead to myocardial ischemia.

"This can explain why some people are not afraid to work, but they can’t get angry. When they get angry, they get sick. Some people say that as long as they don’t let me work, I can stand the injustice. This is because the biological inhibition in each human body is different. "

Because of this, it is very important to deal with it scientifically according to different situations. "We will do scientific treatment according to the different situations of patients. Based on multiple biological indicators in the blood, we can make systematic judgments, establish early contacts, and make timely treatment and adjustment. "

In fact, with the development of science and technology, "small flaws" in the heart can already be found at a very early stage.

Liu Meiyan once met such a patient in clinic. "One day he came to tell me, Dr. Liu, I think I am dying. I have chest pain when I am anxious. I have been hospitalized for 4 months before, and I can’t find out where the problem is!" Liu Mei Yan recalled. For this patient, Liu Meiyan’s team adopted the most advanced optical fiber imaging technology, and put a probe into the heart along with the blood flow, and into the grade 5 blood vessels to see the blood supply of the patient’s whole heart.

Under the probe, Liu Meiyan saw that the patient’s coronary artery was still intact, but surprisingly, the inner wall of his blood vessel had broken. "When we saw this fracture, we knew it was very dangerous. This is a’ time bomb’ in his body." Liu Meiyan explained that if such a fracture forms a cavity that runs through the blood vessel with the muscle crack, it will form a vascular interlayer. If it collapses, an acute thrombus will occur and block the blood vessel. This is acute myocardial infarction.

"This man is very dangerous." Liu Meiyan said, but because it was discovered early, the treatment method was not complicated. "We put it in with a small covered stent, flattened the crack, and he recovered with some medicine. After three days, he was fine when he was discharged from the hospital. It is very good now."

Therefore, for heart diseases, the key early judgment can help early identification and early treatment.

At present, from the perspective of modern medicine, "it is a very primary stage to judge whether it is a heart disease simply by relying on whether the blood vessel is blocked or not and whether there is any problem with the electrocardiogram." Liu Meiyan said, "We hope that we can go from basic imaging and histological indicators to molecular studies, and we can find the changes of biological damage at the earliest stage, because only in the early stage can we gain time to avoid subsequent vascular occlusion and subsequent heart failure, or to avoid subsequent malignant arrhythmia or even sudden death."

Avoiding emotional "earthquake" is an effective "vaccination"

So, can the heart problems caused by this psychological situation be effectively avoided?

Liu Meiyan explained that there are individual differences in the ability to withstand stress attacks, and not everyone will cause heart disease due to emotional changes. "Some people are particularly capable of carrying things, and their basic level of regulating neurotransmitters is very strong. Some people are particularly anxious, and they love to compete with each other in big and small matters. The result of the competition is to destroy the balance of neurotransmitters. So when the stress strikes, it may not work at once. "

Liu Meiyan and her team found in long-term research that people with relatively stable mental state will have a much better prognosis if they suffer from the same heart disease. The more depressed, anxious and insomnia people are, the greater the risk of heart disease and the probability of poor prognosis after heart disease.

For this reason, if we can pay attention to stress and a person’s internal emotional load, we can prevent and control this myocardial ischemia related to psychological emergency in advance, or it is called myocardial ischemia caused by mental stress.

"From our professional point of view, the heart damage caused by these stresses can be predicted and prevented clinically." Liu Meiyan said: "The first thing to prevent heart emergencies is to avoid too much emotional stress."

Moreover, to avoid this kind of premature or unexpected cardiac emergency, we should start by paying attention to the real stress level and the real emotional load. "Some people say that I can pretend not to worry, but this does not mean that your internal control system is normal. When you look calm and calm, but your heart is full of things, measuring your blood pressure and going up, the measured heartbeat is accelerated, which may indicate the problem of endogenous myocardial ischemia. " Liu Meiyan added.

In fact, although more and more people realize that it is very important to avoid mental health and reduce emotional stress for preventing heart disease, in general, this is still a shortcoming in China.

In recent two years, Liu Meiyan made a special survey on the physical and mental health of scientific and technological workers. The results showed that among Chinese scientists, the new incidence of coronary heart disease was over 35% and the incidence of hypertension was 56%. "Even among young scientists, there are more than 35% patients with hypertension." Liu Meiyan said, in fact, this is a very important data, which shows that even in the group with higher education level, the importance from psychology to heart, from sleep to nutrition has not attracted enough attention.

"Hypertension and a series of injuries caused by psychological problems, as a fuse, will detonate a person’s systemic risk. Therefore, we should pay attention to the early warning of heart disease." Liu Meiyan said.

"With the development of society and science and technology to the present level, through the calculation of genes and other test indicators, if a person does not have a heart attack, if there is no tumor, it is no problem to live to 120 years old. Then why don’t many people live? It may be that the following aspects have been neglected. "

Liu Meiyan said that although there are some old tunes, I still hope that everyone can pay more attention to them.

She suggested that everyone should first pay attention to their own biological hard indicators, especially if people are over 50 years old, whether their cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein are below 2.6, whether their blood pressure is below 130/80, and whether their fasting blood sugar is below 6.0. Secondly, 30 minutes of exercise every day, even if you sweat slightly, can play a role. Furthermore, it is also important to ensure that the food is rich in colors and every color is ingested every day, so as to reach the standard of a balanced diet.

She particularly emphasized that emotional "earthquakes" should be avoided. To avoid stress injury caused by mental stress, it is best to keep inner peace deliberately, so as to protect your own regulatory system and nerve transport system. Stable good mood and good attitude towards life are an effective "vaccination" for cardiovascular disease.

"The most expensive thing is not housing, not eating, not transportation, but health." Liu Meiyan said, "Once a person loses his health, he can only lie in a hospital bed and look at the ceiling, which is extremely painful. The most precious thing in life is health, for individuals, for families, and for our country. " (Zhan Yuan)

If you talk about the Maritime Silk Road, you may imagine that big ships are full of silk and sold all over the world. In fact, when it comes to hard currency in marine trade, it is porcelain.

In 1557, the Portuguese established a trading port in Macau, which started the colonization of this area and opened a new chapter in the export of China porcelain. Before that, China’s export porcelain was mainly controlled by Arabs. With the arrival of Portuguese, Europeans occupied a dominant position in China’s porcelain trade for the first time. When the exquisite porcelain was transported to the European court, these treasures from the East quickly attracted the attention of European nobles. In English, these porcelains are called "china-ware". Since then, the meaning of this word has changed further, and porcelains produced anywhere are called "china".

Although Europeans quickly ignited the enthusiasm of imitating porcelain, they were deeply troubled by the mystery of porcelain. Because of the translucent characteristics of porcelain, Europeans tried to mix glass powder into clay at that time in order to make exquisite porcelain. As a matter of fact, as early as in The Travels of Marco Polo, there were descriptions of porcelain recipes, but they were all whimsical and could not be copied. In 1570s, the Medici family successfully copied it for the first time in Florence, but it was difficult to compare with Chinese porcelain in hardness and quality. Many people believe that Yin Hongxu, a Catholic missionary in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, sent her observations in Jingdezhen and samples of kaolin and porcelain clay to Europe, so that Europeans finally learned the secret of porcelain making in China. But before Yin Hongxu, Europe had actually guessed the secret of porcelain. This story happened in Dresden, then the Principality of Saxony, and there is a legendary story behind this legendary discovery.

Medici family made porcelain in 1575-1587. As can be seen from the picture, they mainly imitated the style of blue and white porcelain, but the quality was not good.

The arrested alchemist

Meissen, Germany, has an unparalleled position in the history of European porcelain production, because it is the first place to start the high-quality imitation of China porcelain, and makes Meissen become the iconic brand of European porcelain. However, this critical moment in the history of European porcelain originated from an absurd case.

In 1700, John Friedrich Friedrich BTTGER (February 4, 1682-March 13, 1719), an 18-year-old genius, was arrested in Vittenburg and taken to Dresden. Augustus the Strong "elector of Saxony, ordered his arrest. The young man said that he had not committed any crime and should not be treated illegally. However, Augustus is hiding something from him. I don’t know where this elector heard that this young man is a gifted alchemist who can refine gold from some scrap metal and soil. Rumors of alchemy have reverberated in Europe for thousands of years. Although no one has really succeeded, most people have no doubt about the real existence of this technology. Therefore, Augustus asked the boy to make gold for him in Dresden, otherwise, he would be imprisoned for life.

A bust of Botger

The rumors that Augustus heard were not groundless. During his stay in Berlin, Botger followed the famous chemist Zorn in experiments. Chemists at that time often had a belief that there was a mysterious substance (Alltinktur) in the world that could extract a magic medicine that could cure all diseases, or that ordinary metals could be turned into precious gold through a special reagent (so-called Goldmachertinktur). It is said that Zon mastered the secret, and this mysterious formula was stolen by young Botger. Frederik 1 of Prussia also hoped Boteger would make gold for him, but because of the leak, Boteger was able to escape from Berlin. Unexpectedly, he went out of the wolf’s den and into the jaws of death, and fell into the hands of Augustus.

Mathematicians’ feelings about porcelain

He was imprisoned in a secret cabin and forced to carry out hopeless chemical experiments. Augustus sent another chemist to supervise Botger’s work, and this person was Ehrenfried Walther von tschirnhaus (April 10, 1651-October 11, 1708).

Compared with Botger, Zienhaus is already a renowned physicist, mathematician, chemist and medical scientist. Zienhouse studied mathematics, philosophy and medicine at Leiden University in the Netherlands in his early years, and served in the Dutch army from 1672 to 1673. He has made a lot of friends in European academic circles, not only having a good talk with the philosopher Spinoza in Holland, but also going to England to discuss mathematical problems with Isaac Newton. When he was in Paris, he met Leibniz, who had a bad relationship with Newton, became his lifelong friend and kept a lot of letters. Therefore, we have reason to think that he is more willing to believe that calculus is Leibniz’s masterpiece.

Zienhaus portrait

In addition to mathematics and philosophy, Zenhouse has been trying to reveal the secrets of China porcelain, and has achieved some breakthrough results, but he can’t repeat his experiments on a stable basis. He suggested to Botger that they study the secret recipe of porcelain together. He told Boteger that it was more feasible to find out the formula of China porcelain than alchemy, and if it could produce exquisite porcelain, it would be enough to give Augustus an account. In the European market at that time, the value of exquisite porcelain was not inferior to that of gold and silver, and even comparable to that of platinum. Although Botger himself was depressed, Zienhaus’s suggestion was accepted by Augustus. So, under the surveillance of a group of guards, Botger went to Mason to engage in porcelain experiments. Even when Swedish troops invaded the Principality of Saxony in 1706, they were looking for Botger. In order to keep this "big baby", Augustus transferred him to a distant black forest and imprisoned him during the war.

Explore the secret recipe of porcelain

Just after the war ended in September, 1707, Augustus personally ordered Botger to cooperate with Zienhouse to try to imitate China porcelain with some chemists and craftsmen in the laboratory in a castle in Dresden. At that time, Yin Hongxu had not written "China Ceramics", and this letter about the secrets of Jingdezhen porcelain did not reach Europe until 1712. So the main method at that time was to conduct repeated experiments on massive raw materials. In January 1708, they found the first workable formula. In this formula, the key step is to use kaolin and alabaster from Schneeberg. Augustus was very satisfied with this result, and even placed an important position in the Privy Council for the laboratory commander-in-chief, Zienhaus, and asked him to lead a porcelain production factory in the future. Zienhouse modestly replied to the king that he hoped to wait until all the experiments were finished and a way of mass production was found before accepting the king’s reward and position.

Unfortunately, Zienhaus died on October 11th of that year, and the whole process of porcelain decryption was handed over to the young Botger. What is puzzling is that the production of porcelain has been at a standstill. On March 20th, 1709, Melchior Steinbrück, the manager of the Zienhouse family business, signed an asset certificate with Boteger, and eight days later, Boteger suddenly informed King Augustus that he had invented the formula for making good porcelain.

In the early summer of 1709, the Dresden factory began to produce porcelain on a large scale and sold it at the Easter market in Leipzig in 1710. At the same time, Augustus also built a royal porcelain factory in Myson, which was operated remotely by Botger in Dresden to supervise the production of porcelain. It is worth noting that the early porcelain of Meissen is red in color, which is more similar to the purple sand (then called B?ttgersteinzeug, which is still used in German to represent purple sand), and then it is glazed and fired again, and decorated with silver carvings in the baroque style that was popular at that time.

Mason porcelain made in 1708-1710. It can be clearly seen from the picture that there is still a big gap in quality between white porcelain and later white porcelain.

Beginning in 1713, Botger further improved the process, which enabled Meissen’s factory to produce white porcelain, and mastered the glaze process in the following years, which became popular in Europe. Botger is deeply proud of his creation, and even thinks that his porcelain is superior to Chinese porcelain. In any case, in the European market, Saxony porcelain has become a symbol of new fashion and status.

In 2010, Germany issued a commemorative stamp commemorating the 300th anniversary of German porcelain making. The portrait selected for the stamp was drawn by Paul Kie?ling in Albrechtsburg in 1880, in which Botger was the one who operated the experiment in front, while Zienhaus was sitting in the back with a wig.

Although Botger, who created great wealth for Saxony, was rewarded with a mansion, there were still guards at the door and he failed to regain his freedom. Because Dagong was worried that he would leak the secret recipe of porcelain making, which would affect Saxony’s leading position in the European porcelain making industry. In 1714, Botger, who had been imprisoned for nearly fifteen years, was finally set free. Although the archduke was furious at Botger’s failure to find the secret of alchemy, Meissen’s exquisite porcelain won him great wealth. Sadly, however, this talented chemist died in 1719. This may be because he worked in a porcelain kiln for a long time without protective measures, and his health was fatally endangered. Some people say that he died of a killer sent by Augustus and put deadly poison in the wine he drank. It is said that shortly before his death, Botger wrote a poem to describe the misery of his life and the greed of the king:

The king longed for the fruit of gold,

But these weak hands are hard to make.

Only the crystallization of porphyry and borax,

Presented in front of the king’s throne as a sacrifice.

Yes, because of inner greed, these hands reached out to the big ship full of porcelain.

Portuge Memorial Statue in Dresden

Disputes over the right of invention

However, this story did not end with the death of Botger. His right to discover the secrets of porcelain-making was questioned after his death. Many people in the industry believe that Botger stole Zienhaus’s discovery that his room was stolen three days after Zienhaus’s death. People believe that Botger is the thief and stole the secret recipe written by Zenhouse. Others believe that Botger got the recipe only when Steinbrook arrived in Dresden to deal with Zienhaus’ relics together. For Steinbrook, after taking charge of the Wangs porcelain factory, Botger appointed him as supervisor and married his sister to him.

In addition to these strange events, there are also some witnesses who publicly accuse Botger of stealing the achievements of Zenhaus. Samuel St?lzel, a porcelain craftsman who defected from Myson to Vienna at that time, proved in 1719 that Zienhouse first discovered the secret of porcelain, but it was not further revised and made public because of his sudden death. In the same year, Caspar Bussius, secretary general of Meissen’s Handicraft Guild, also made it clear that the invention of porcelain should be attributed not to Botger, but to Zienhouse, because the former got the formula from the latter.

In 1731, Peter Mohrenthal, president of the Meissen Chamber of Commerce, wrote: "The whole of Saxony will remember von Zienhouse. As long as Meissen’s porcelain factory is unique outside China, his reputation will last forever … because Mr. Zienhouse was the first lucky person to find the secret of porcelain, and the controversial Mr. Bergent only developed in details later … Feng.

It is worth mentioning that Mason’s porcelain-making tradition still exists today. At the end of 18th century, the German civil war continued, and once the factory with 700 employees was moved to Berlin. After World War II, Germany, as a defeated country, was forced to send a lot of equipment to the Soviet Union as compensation. Due to the division of Germany, Meissen’s porcelain factory became a joint venture between the Soviet Union and the Democratic Republic of Germany (East Germany), and became the main source of foreign exchange for East Germany after 1950.

Therefore, no matter who was the first person to discover the secret of porcelain in Europe, Europeans nearly 300 years ago got a glimpse of the mysterious fate of China porcelain, which made European porcelain-making technology enter a new stage. The discovery of this secret has also had an impact on China, especially on the decline of many export-oriented porcelain factories in Jingdezhen, which is another story.

The glazed porcelain made by Maisen in the 1720s is obviously influenced by China porcelain, among which the "nondescript" Chinese style of painting is similar to the "Jesuit porcelain" made in China.

　　These five years have been extraordinary.

　　In the past five years, the total grain output in Henan has been rising steadily. For four consecutive years, the total grain output has been stable at more than 130 billion Jin, which not only solves the problem of feeding its 100 million people, but also transfers 60 billion Jin of raw grain and finished products every year, making an important contribution to ensuring national food security.

　　In the past five years, the seed supply capacity of crops in Henan accounted for about one tenth of the whole country, and the seed supply capacity of wheat and peanuts ranked first in the country. "Henan Seed" has made a "core" contribution to the national grain production increase.

　　In the past five years, all the indexes of animal husbandry in Henan rank among the top in the country, the number of live pigs ranks first in the country, the total amount of meat, eggs and milk ranks second in the country, and the annual processing capacity of dairy products ranks among the top three in the country. Henan, a big animal husbandry province in China, deserves it.

　　In the past five years, Henan has optimized its structure, improved quality and increased efficiency, and the agricultural product processing industry has become one of the two trillion-level industries in the province. Henan is moving from a "granary for Chinese people" to a "kitchen for Chinese people" and enriching the "dining table for the world".

　　Looking forward to the "14th Five-Year Plan", we should fully implement the rural revitalization strategy, speed up the construction of a strong modern agricultural province, and strive to be at the forefront of the country in agricultural and rural modernization. The drums of Henan Province are urging the levy to set sail.

　　Let Chinese people put more "Henan grain" in their rice bowls.

　　Taking the year as the horizontal axis and the total grain output of the whole year as the vertical axis, when you look at the total grain output of Henan in the five years of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" in the coordinate system, you will find that this curve is rising all the way. For four consecutive years from 2017, the total grain output in Henan has stabilized at more than 130 billion Jin, and last year it crossed the 135 billion Jin step for the first time. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the contribution rate of grain production increase in Henan Province to the national grain production increase reached nearly 40%.

　　Food security is "the biggest in the country". It is true at all times that you have food in your hand and don’t panic in your heart.

　　In this fertile land of the Central Plains, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader climbed high and looked far, painting the overall situation, thinking of it here, and expecting a good talk. From 2014 to now, every time General Secretary of the Supreme Leader comes to Henan, he must look at agriculture and talk about grain production, emphasizing that "Henan agriculture, especially grain production, is a big advantage and a trump card, which cannot be lost at any time". In May this year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader got off the bus temporarily on his way to visit the head of Taocha Canal in Xichuan, Nanyang, and walked into a wheat field to see the growth of wheat. The summer harvest was bumper, and the economy was bottomed out all year round.

　　It is an unshirkable political responsibility for Henan to bear in mind the earnest entrustment of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, resolutely shoulder the heavy responsibility of stabilizing food security and ensuring national food security, and it is also a bottom line task that cannot be lost.

　　The total grain output accounts for one-tenth of the country’s total, and the wheat output accounts for more than a quarter of the country’s total, so that people can put more "Henan grain" in their rice bowls. How did Henan do it?

　　The policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers is a powerful engine to stabilize grain production.

　　"Direct grain subsidies, agricultural machinery subsidies, agricultural subsidies, improved varieties subsidies … From the central government to the local government, and finally to me, the average subsidy for an acre of land can reach more than 150 yuan. For large grain growers, this money is considerable." Liu Tianhua, chairman of Tianhua Planting Professional Cooperative in Shangshui County, lamented that the policy of benefiting farmers has improved farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain and made agriculture a promising industry.

　　During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the central financial support for Henan’s special agricultural transfer payment funds reached 94.539 billion yuan. This year, some places were hit by torrential rain. In the first batch of 3 billion yuan central financial subsidy funds, the Henan provincial government allocated 269 million yuan to subsidize replanting seeds in the affected areas, effectively reducing the burden on farmers. Henan Province strictly implements the policies of farmland fertility protection subsidies, agricultural machinery purchase subsidies and the minimum purchase price of wheat and rice, increases the awards for major grain-producing counties, and mobilizes the enthusiasm of grass-roots governments to grasp grain and farmers to grow grain.

　　Increase policy support, so that there is hope for growing grain, and implement the "long teeth" measures to ensure farming.

　　Henan Province adheres to the responsibility of the party and the government, pays close attention to the implementation of the responsibility system for food safety, and links the implementation of the responsibility system for food safety and the completion of food production tasks with project funding arrangements and special support policies to effectively stabilize the grain planting area. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the grain planting area in Henan has been stable at more than 161 million mu for five consecutive years.

　　Cultivated land is the lifeblood of grain production. Henan province has implemented the strictest farmland protection system, resolutely curbed the "non-agricultural" and prevented the "non-grain" of cultivated land. After the state issued the grain production target task, the Henan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs immediately decomposed the grain area and output target task into cities and counties to ensure that the cultivated land area was stable at more than 120 million mu.

　　To stabilize the area, we must pay close attention to the construction of high-standard farmland. Up to now, 69.1 million mu of high-standard farmland has been built in the province, and 44% of low-and medium-yield farmland in the province needs urgent transformation.

　　"The state has designated 78,445,200 mu of grain production functional zones and 10,313,100 mu of important agricultural product production protection zones in Henan Province. To play a good role in grain production, the key is to grasp the’ two zones’, make overall plans to promote a new round of high-standard farmland construction, build 80 million mu of high-standard farmland by 2025, strengthen the integrated application of comprehensive technologies, build a national food safety industrial belt, and accelerate the transformation of grain production from quantitative to quality." Song Huzhen, director of the Agriculture Office of the Henan Provincial Party Committee and director of the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said.

　　On the basis of doing a good job in the management of grain production process, Henan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs focuses on preventing disasters such as drought, flood, dry hot wind and low temperature freezing injury, strengthens monitoring and early warning of disaster weather, implements disaster prevention plans, and minimizes losses; Focusing on the prevention and control of major pests and diseases such as wheat stripe rust, scab and meadow moth, we will strengthen monitoring and early warning, carry out emergency prevention and control and large-scale unified prevention and control, and realize "the worm catches the grain."

　　Stabilizing policies, stabilizing areas, strengthening management, and implementing the strategy of storing grain in the ground, Henan’s grain output is proud of the whole country, and it is well-deserved as a "granary for Chinese people." In the next step, Henan Province will speed up the construction of modern grain production functional zones, build modern grain production systems, management systems and industrial systems, and build "six centers" of grain ration production, grain storage and transportation, food processing, agricultural equipment, agricultural science and technology, and agricultural products futures, so as to make the ace of grain production more shining and this advantage more prominent.

　　The level of breeding and seed production is famous throughout the country.

　　On the eve of this year’s wheat harvest, Xinxiang, Xuchang and other places suffered from strong convective weather such as strong winds and hail, and many farmland reduced production, but the 3000-mu strong gluten wheat breeding base in Renxiaoying Village, Zhaipo Town, Xinxiang County had little impact.

　　"I planted Xinmai 45, which is 5 cm shorter than ordinary wheat, with thick stems and strong lodging resistance." Ma Youyong, the owner of the base, is an "old-fashioned" farmer. He took a fancy to it at a glance from many varieties.

　　Let’s take a look at these "star" seeds: high-quality strong gluten wheat "Zhengmai 369" broke the strange circle of wheat varieties "high quality but not high yield, high yield and not high quality", with an average yield of about 1200 Jin per mu, which is about 5 cents higher than that of ordinary wheat; "Zhoumai 36" can resist 8 winds and has good resistance to stripe rust … The contribution rate of improved varieties to grain yield has exceeded 45%.

　　The way out for grain production lies in science and technology. In the case of limited arable land and water resources, we must seize the key point of seeds, implement the strategy of storing grain in technology, and demand output, quality and efficiency from science and technology.

　　Henan province is a veritable seed industry province, and the protection and utilization system of germplasm resources is constantly improving. Henan Province took the lead in drawing the fine physical map of wheat related species-rye genome in the world, and created a number of breakthrough new germplasm that meet the needs of production and market, such as maize ace inbred lines Zheng 58 and Chang 7-2, wheat broad-spectrum hybrid lines Zhou 8425B and C5/ Xinxiang 3577, peanut backbone hybrid varieties Yuanza 9102 and Kaixuan 016, leading the innovation direction of agricultural germplasm resources in China.

　　The main position of enterprise innovation has been continuously strengthened. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, there were 501 varieties of main crops in Henan Province, accounting for 77% of enterprises; There are 423 varieties under national examination, accounting for 78% of enterprises, initially forming a new pattern of commercial breeding development with enterprises as the main body.

　　The construction of breeding R&D platform has been continuously improved. Not long ago, Shennong Seed Industry Laboratory was unveiled and established, which set up a higher platform for Henan Province to stand on the peak of seed industry. Henan Province has built nine national high-level R&D platforms, such as the National Biological Breeding Industry Innovation Center, and the breeding level of new varieties of wheat, corn, peanuts and other crops in Henan Province is leading the country. Wheat varieties Zhengmai 9023, Aikang 58, Zhengmai 366, Bainong 207 and maize variety Zhengdan 958 have successively become the largest crop varieties in China. In 2019, the top ten varieties of wheat, corn and peanut in the country accounted for 4, 5 and 5 respectively, accounting for the highest proportion.

　　The ability of seed production and seed supply has been continuously enhanced. The province’s crop seed production area is 5.1 million mu, with an annual output of about 2.1 billion kilograms. The seed supply capacity of crop seeds in Henan province accounts for about one tenth of the whole country, and the seed supply capacity of wheat and peanut ranks first in the whole country.

　　"From the 1980 s, by adjusting planting,’ East, West, North and South varieties competed in the Central Plains’ to becoming an important crop breeding province and a major seed supply province in China, Henan’s breeding ability has achieved leap-forward development." The relevant person in charge of the Seed Industry Management Office of the Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department of Henan Province said that during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, Henan Province will focus on the implementation of five major projects, namely, the protection and utilization project of germplasm resources, the improvement project of breeding innovation ability, the improvement project of improved seed breeding system, the cultivation project of leading seed enterprises and the seed industry market governance project, so as to accelerate the construction of a strong modern seed industry and create a "Central Plains agricultural valley".

　　All the indexes of animal husbandry rank among the top in China.

　　Pig food is safe in the world, and Henan has a great responsibility. Pig food is safe in the world, and Henan contributes a lot.

　　Pig food is safe for the world, and what is safe is national strategic security.

　　The rapid development of animal husbandry in Henan has made important contributions to ensuring the effective supply of livestock products in the whole province and even the whole country and building a national food strategic security system.

　　Henan is a big province of animal husbandry. In 2020, the output value of animal husbandry in the province was 285.6 billion yuan, ranking second in the country, accounting for 28.7% of the total agricultural output value of the province. All the indexes of animal husbandry are in the forefront of the country, with the number of live pigs, poultry and sheep ranking first, second and fourth respectively, and the output of meat, eggs and milk ranking third, second and sixth respectively. Shuanghui Group, the largest meat processing enterprise in the world, is the largest meat processing province in China. There are 60 national pig transfer counties, accounting for 12% of the national total, and the number of pigs transferred ranks first in the country.

　　Pig food is safe in the world, and it is the table safety of the people.

　　Henan province is a big province of animal husbandry and animal products processing. Henan contributes 3/5 of the country’s glutinous rice balls and 7/10 of the dumplings. The annual slaughter and processing capacity of pigs, poultry and beef cattle reaches 52 million, 1.1 billion and 1.24 million respectively, and the annual processing capacity of dairy products reaches 4 million tons, ranking first in the country. There are 249 leading enterprises in animal husbandry industrialization at or above the provincial level, including 28 national leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization.

　　Pig food is safe in the world, and it is safe for farmers who get rich through farming.

　　Henan is a big province of animal husbandry economy. In 2020, the output value of animal husbandry in the province was 285.6 billion yuan, ranking second in the country, accounting for 28.7% of the total agricultural output value of the province. According to estimates, animal husbandry and its related industries have driven more than 10 million people to obtain employment and increased farmers’ net income by about 16 billion yuan. Animal husbandry has made important contributions to increasing farmers’ income, winning the battle against poverty and promoting rural revitalization.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Animal Husbandry Department of the Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department of Henan Province said that in the next step, we will strengthen the pig industry by implementing the rural revitalization strategy, and all pigs will be slaughtered in the province to realize the transformation from "adjusting pigs" to "adjusting meat"; Expand the cattle and sheep industry, transform the advantages of straw resources into industrial advantages, and promote high-quality grass and livestock to become a brand industry in Henan; Do a good job in poultry industry, open up new space from the creation of high-end and characteristic brands, enhance the market competitiveness of poultry products, and make every effort to build a modern animal husbandry production system, management system and industrial system.

　　Accelerating the construction of a strong modern agricultural province with high-quality agricultural development

　　Last October, at the first Henan high-quality featured agricultural products fair, 400 Henan high-quality featured agricultural products, including Yanjin Wheat, Yongcheng Flour, jia county Red Bull and Xinyang Maojian, were unveiled in Shanghai. I miss your jujube industry, miss food, Sanquan Food and other well-known Henan agricultural products processing brands to promote, and more and more "excellent products of Henan agriculture" entered people in Shanghai.

　　With the structural reform of the supply side as the starting point, Henan Province has made great efforts to extend the grain industry chain, upgrade the value chain, build a supply chain, and continuously improve the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture.

　　High-quality development of agriculture requires policy planning first. Henan Province has successively formulated Opinions on Accelerating the High-quality Development of Agriculture to Build a Strong Modern Agricultural Province, Opinions on Adhering to the Three-chain Isomorphism to Accelerate the High-quality Development of Grain Industry, Opinions on Accelerating the High-quality Development of Animal Husbandry, Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Agricultural Mechanization, Implementation Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Agricultural Informatization and Digital Village, and Implementation Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of High-standard Farmland to Build a National Important Grain Production Core Area, etc., to build a "1+N" for promoting the high-quality development of agriculture.

　　Adjust and optimize the agricultural structure with the focus on "four excellent and four modernizations". During the "Three Summers" period, the benefits of "weak gluten" and "strong gluten" dancing in the Central Plains, "high quality" and "special use" were highlighted, and high quality wheat became the dazzling "pearl" of wheat industry development.

　　In 2020, the province’s high-quality special wheat will grow to 15.3 million mu, accounting for 18% of the province’s wheat planting area. The wheat quality is excellent and the order rate is over 90%, forming a suitable area for the production of strong gluten wheat in northern Henan and weak gluten wheat along the Huaihe River in southern Henan. The peanut planting area in the province is over 18.92 million mu, ranking first in the country, with high-oil and high-oleic peanuts accounting for more than 50%, forming a large-fruit peanut area for oil along the Yellow River and the old course of the Yellow River and a high-quality small-fruit peanut area in southern and southwestern Henan. In the past three years, more than 200,000 beef cattle and 50,000 dairy cows have been added each year. Dominant and characteristic agriculture such as fruit, vegetables, tea, edible fungi, Chinese herbal medicines and aquatic products has developed steadily, and a number of dominant and characteristic agricultural bases have been built.

　　From a grain of wheat to a bag of flour to a bag of bread, the "value" of wheat has increased several times. In Yanjin, using local wheat brand resources, the development layout of "yan zhen" was formed, with wheat as the head goose and the industrial chains of "special flour-noodles-frozen food-baked food" and "liquor-packaging-e-commerce-logistics" as two wings. There are 30 peanut deep processing enterprises in Zhengyang County, and a peanut characteristic town and a peanut trading center in Zhengyang Bohai Sea have been built to promote the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and small peanuts in Zhengyang have become a big industry.

　　Henan is a big province of agricultural products processing industry in China, and the output value of agricultural products processing industry ranks second in the country for many years. There are 6238 agricultural products processing enterprises above designated size in the province, with an annual output value of 1.16 trillion yuan, which is one of the two trillion-level industries in the province. Focusing on the five major food industries of flour, meat, oil, milk and fruits and vegetables, Henan has implemented the "Five Actions" of enterprise upgrading, chain extension and value-added, green development, quality standards and brand cultivation, and continued to make excellent flour products, stronger meat products, refined oil products, large dairy products and special fruit and vegetable products. The five major food industries have developed rapidly, and the processing scale of characteristic agricultural products has continued to grow, with overall improvement in quality and efficiency.

　　Create a new carrier for industrial development. There are 8 national modern agricultural industrial parks, 80 provincial-level and 206 municipal-level in the province. The construction system of national, provincial and municipal modern agricultural industrial parks has been basically established, and the work pattern of step-by-step promotion has gradually taken shape.

　　Accelerate agricultural open cooperation. We have accelerated cooperation in agricultural projects and built overseas agricultural cooperation parks such as Zhongta Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Zone, China-Kyrgyzstan "Asia Star" Agricultural Industry Cooperation Zone, Luoyang-Bukhara Agricultural Cooperation Zone, St. Petersburg-Xuchang Agricultural Cooperation Demonstration Zone in Russia, and Henan International Industrial Park in Gwadar Free Zone in Pakistan. We carried out in-depth cooperation between Henan and Shanghai, actively prepared for the Shanghai Fair of Henan high-quality agricultural products, and planned a number of major agricultural cooperation projects.

　　Five years is just a moment in the long history, but it is a milestone for Henan agriculture. Song Huzhen, director of the Agricultural Office of Henan Provincial Party Committee and director of the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that the agricultural and rural systems at all levels in the province will thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the 11th Party Congress, anchor the "two guarantees", fully implement the rural revitalization strategy, give full play to the role of "ballast stone" and "stabilizer" in grain production, resolutely safeguard national food security, highlight Henan’s responsibility of turning over the seed industry, deepen the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, cultivate and expand the industrial clusters with regional advantages and characteristics, and safeguard agriculture, rural areas and farmers.

() The business review of the Board of Directors in 2021 is as follows:

　　I. Industry situation of the company during the reporting period

　　(A) the macro environment facing the industry

　　2021 is the first year of the 14th Five-Year Plan, and the macro environment continues to change. China’s economy continues to repair in the context of the epidemic, GDP is growing steadily, and the economy is developing to high quality; Medical reform policies are frequent, and the state has implemented the healthy China strategy in depth to promote the balanced distribution of high-quality medical resources; The process of population aging has gradually accelerated, and the "three-child" policy has been fully liberalized, which has increased the market demand for health industry and the old-age service industry that combines medical care and health care, and the demand for children’s medication. With the release of the Outline of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s Development Plan, a number of policies have provided new dividends for Greater Bay Area’s medical and health construction.

　　(two) the basic situation, development stage and cyclical characteristics of the industry.

　　In 2021, the scale of the pharmaceutical market continued to grow, the linkage reform of "three medicines" continued to deepen, and the policies of the pharmaceutical industry were intensively introduced, which ushered in greater challenges and opportunities for the pharmaceutical industry.

　　1. Development of medical terminal market

　　In 2021, the growth of the medical terminal market picked up, but the development of the medical terminal market continued to be under pressure due to factors such as the multi-point spread of the epidemic and the accelerated promotion of centralized procurement.

　　PDB (data released by China Pharmaceutical Industry Information Center) Statistics of domestic sample hospital market show that the market size of sample hospitals rose by 10.24% in the first three quarters of 2021 compared with the same period in 2020. However, due to the low base in 2020, the growth rate of hospital market continued to slow down due to factors such as epidemic situation and centralized procurement, and only increased by 1.86% in the third quarter of 2021 compared with the second quarter. The annual hospital market sales in 2021 remained the same as that in 2011.

　　Zhongkang CMH retail data shows that in the first three quarters of 2021, the sales scale of retail pharmacies nationwide increased by 3.0%. In the second half of 2021, due to the repeated epidemic situation in some parts of China, the prevention and control measures of epidemic situation in retail pharmacies in some areas became stricter, the drugs related to the epidemic situation were banned, and some patients returned to hospitals and primary medical institutions under the influence of centralized procurement by medical institutions, and the passenger flow in retail pharmacies was challenged, with an increase of only 0.3% in the third quarter.

　　2, the pharmaceutical industry policy and influence

　　In 2021, the pharmaceutical industry policies were introduced intensively, and the linkage reform of "three doctors" continued to deepen. In medicine, it mainly involves many policies such as drug registration and approval, raw materials, drug patents, drug vigilance, development of traditional Chinese medicine and formula granules; In terms of medical insurance, there are mainly policies such as purchasing with quantity, adjusting and negotiating medical insurance catalogue, dual-channel medical insurance, DRG/DIP payment method, and medical insurance for urban and rural residents. Medical treatment mainly includes long-term prescription, public hospital reform, graded diagnosis and treatment, medical and health service reform and popularization of Sanming medical reform experience.

　　(1) The normalization and institutionalization of quantity procurement and the gradual expansion of its coverage have a great impact on the pharmaceutical industry.

　　The centralized drug collection organized by the state has been carried out in 6 batches, and a total of 234 kinds of drugs have been purchased. The market amount involved accounts for about 30% of the purchase amount of chemical drugs and biological drugs in public medical institutions. In 2021, the special procurement of insulin was carried out, and the centralized collection was expanded from chemical drugs to biological drugs for the first time. The collection of high-value medical consumables focuses on cardiology and orthopedics, two areas that the masses are most concerned about. The centralized procurement of cardiac stents has been running smoothly for one year, and the total number of selected stents is 1.69 million, which is nearly 1.6 times of the annual agreed procurement. In 2021, the state organized the collection of artificial joints for more complex orthopedic consumables, which further expanded the coverage of the reform.

　　The influence of quantity procurement on pharmaceutical business: the decline of sales revenue and gross profit margin has a great impact on the income growth and profit space of commercial companies; With the increase of distribution cost, the distribution frequency of centralized procurement products is often higher, especially in the newly opened primary medical institutions, which presents the phenomenon of small single purchase volume and high distribution frequency, which obviously increases the distribution cost; The gap between pharmaceutical commercial enterprises is widening, and the variety of centralized procurement is increasing, which also brings challenges and opportunities to commercial enterprises: due to factors such as scale, collectivization, informationization and capital chain, weak commercial enterprises can no longer support and bear the burden of purchasing with quantity. Large pharmaceutical commercial enterprises have a large variety of reserves, strong financial strength, fast delivery capacity, and a wide range of hospital customers, which provide convenient conditions for enterprises. Although the gross profit of overall distribution has declined, the industry position has been further consolidated due to the scale effect of purchasing with quantity, which can digest some costs.

　　The influence of quantity procurement on pharmaceutical retail: the winning varieties were shortlisted for price reduction, and the prices of pharmacy operating varieties were upside down, facing the pressure of price reduction. Even if you participate in centralized purchasing and solve channel problems, you still face price pressure; Monomer pharmacies lose their competitive advantage under the trend of centralized purchasing, accelerate the merger and acquisition of pharmacies, and further improve the chain rate of pharmacies; Accelerate the online layout, reduce the price of drugs, increase the operating cost of pharmacies, and gradually develop online business in pharmacies.

　　(2) Promote graded diagnosis and treatment and the construction of medical associations, and gradually open the grassroots market.

　　On November 4, 2021, the National Health and Wellness Commission issued the Work Plan for Improving the Comprehensive Capacity of County Hospitals under the "Thousand Counties Project" (2021-2025), aiming at meeting the medical service needs of the people in the county, consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively connecting with rural revitalization, accelerating the improvement of the graded diagnosis and treatment system, and pushing county hospitals into a new stage of high-quality development. Through five years’ efforts, at least 1000 county hospitals in China will reach the level of medical service capacity of tertiary hospitals, laying a solid foundation for solving common diseases in cities and counties.

　　On November 22, 2021, the General Office of the National Health and Wellness Commission issued the Notice on Promoting the Experience of Classified Diagnosis and Treatment and the Construction of Medical Consortium in Sanming City, and put forward eight key tasks to promote the graded diagnosis and treatment and the construction of medical consortia with the goal of building a pattern of primary diagnosis, two-way referral, rapid and slow division and treatment, and linkage up and down, with the focus on promoting the high-quality development of public hospitals.

　　Graded diagnosis and treatment and the construction of medical associations have pushed the joint procurement of hospitals and the control of medical insurance fees to the ground. First of all, unify the catalogue, and the general minimum threshold for drugs to enter the catalogue will be price; Expanding the promotion coverage and entering the medical association procurement catalogue means that the products have entered many hospitals within the medical association, and the crowd tactics that every hospital used to run in the past are expected to reduce costs. Secondly, unified distribution, the initiative of medical institutions to upstream distribution businesses and pharmaceutical companies has been greatly improved. Whether it is secondary bargaining, distribution or payment, the trend of medical institutions suppressing upstream and downstream industries and businesses is even more difficult to reverse. Finally, on the basis of purchasing with quantity, linking quantity with price, reducing price with quantity and centralized purchasing, all medical associations further bargain with quantity to form a second bargaining.

　　(3) "dual channels" help negotiate the landing of drugs, which is beneficial to the development of retail business.

　　The dual-channel policy accelerates the circulation of prescriptions and the separation of medicines, and transfers part of the functions of the original in-hospital management of medicines to the outside of the hospital, so as to ensure that the compliance institutions in and outside the hospital enjoy equal medical insurance payment rules; Relevant national conferences also show that the supervision of medical insurance funds will be strengthened with the prescription circulation center as the core. In the future, under the background of higher and higher requirements for policy guidance, compliance and professionalism, the competitiveness of leading pharmaceutical enterprises will be strengthened and the industry concentration will be further enhanced.

　　

　　II. Main businesses of the Company during the reporting period

　　(1) The company’s main business includes pharmaceutical distribution and retail, as follows:

　　1. In the field of pharmaceutical distribution, it is mainly based on Guangdong and Guangxi, and the scale of pharmaceutical distribution business in Guangdong and Guangxi is leading.

　　As of December 31, 2021, there were 1092 secondary and tertiary medical institutions; 7870 primary medical clients; There are 6,414 retail terminal customers (chain pharmacies, single stores and self-funded pharmacies in hospitals). Sinopharm consistently distributes Guangdong and Guangxi regional market segments, including drug distribution and equipment consumables, retail direct sales and retail diagnosis and treatment, drug and machinery linkage, retail development, and the whole business keeps a relatively leading position in the industry; Innovate business, constantly explore new customer cooperation modes, and become a medical supply chain management solution and service provider; Improve domestic logistics planning and construction, provide third-party logistics professional services, and build leading logistics and supply chain service capabilities. By continuously integrating the distribution and logistics business, deeply penetrating the terminal market, perfecting the ladder distribution network, and building an intelligent supply chain, we are committed to becoming the provider of medical and health products and services with the strongest influence, the highest share, the most complete variety, the best service and the fastest delivery in China Southern District.

　　2. In the field of pharmaceutical retail, Guoda Pharmacy under the company is a leading pharmaceutical retail enterprise in China.

　　By the end of 2021, Guoda Pharmacy had 8,798 stores in 20 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, forming a pharmacy network covering coastal urban agglomerations in East China, North China and South China, and gradually spreading into the northwest, Central Plains and inland urban agglomerations, with a sales scale of over 22 billion, keeping the sales scale ahead of the industry; Guoda’s pharmacy business mainly relies on social retail pharmacies, and pays attention to developing a professional service system with medical resources as its core competitiveness, and creates a number of retail clinics and hospitals that integrate medical services and health product sales. At the same time, Guoda Pharmacy actively expands innovative business, actively explores and enriches new business channels, enhances professional service capabilities, and is committed to the transformation from traditional pharmaceutical retail enterprises to innovative service-oriented enterprises. Guoda Pharmacy promotes the cooperation between key brands and suppliers to tap the potential, speeds up the establishment and improvement of DTP business and continues the health service system, and builds the industry-leading professional service capability through regular retail management.

　　(2) Business model

　　1. Distribution business

　　(1) Procurement mode

　　The company has established a "foreground-background" division of labor and cooperation procurement mechanism, which effectively reduces the procurement cost. The "front desk" is the purchasing department, which, according to business requirements, looks for the source of goods, establishes the first variety, and conducts price comparison and business negotiations on product quality requirements, supply cycle, supply price and payment cycle. Effectively manage suppliers, including supplier qualification, service quality, integrity, etc., establish supplier files and organize supplier evaluation. The "background" is the supply chain department, which is responsible for integrating the resources of supply chain links, grasping the supply chain information as a whole, realizing professional division of labor, promoting integrated management, creating an integrated service background, assisting the "front desk" business front line and making daily purchase contract orders.

　　(2) Sales model

　　In terms of sales model, the company carried out transformation and innovation according to the strategy of "one body and two wings" in the distribution sector.

　　For the traditional business, the distribution implements the business model of "network sinking" in the southern district of China, which is the main channel supplier of drugs in Guangdong and Guangxi, and realizes the full coverage of the national drug market. At the same time, we will create special businesses such as equipment, medical beauty, medical care, Chinese herbal pieces, and import, and vigorously expand the terminal markets such as primary medical institutions and private hospitals to improve product supply guarantee and grassroots network coverage.

　　The retail direct selling business undertakes the company’s strategy of "integration of wholesale and retail", promotes the layout of retail terminals nationwide, and is based on the distribution network of top 100+professional DTP pharmacies, project centralized procurement and third terminal agents in China, deeply cultivating South China and radiating the whole country;

　　At the same time, the company provides customers with one-stop overall solutions and diversified value-added services and innovative services; 1) Through hospital supply chain projects, equipment SPD, regional distribution, regional medical services (inspection and disinfection), prescription dispensing and undertaking, etc., the innovative mode of medical services will be promoted. Its subsidiaries, Sinopharm Guangzhou Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Guangzhou Medical Management Co., Ltd. and Sinopharm Guangzhou Medical Supply Chain Service Co., Ltd., have carried out effective business development and practice on professional service products such as medical equipment life cycle management, reagent consumables and disinfection business. 2) In terms of third-party logistics business, it undertakes warehousing, distribution and other value-added services of third-party customers such as medical equipment manufacturers, medical equipment businesses, disease control centers and vaccine manufacturers, and provides professional third-party logistics solutions for integrated services such as third-party bonded logistics and national warehousing and distribution logistics services.

　　(3) Logistics distribution mode

　　After long-term development and accumulation, the logistics center has established a perfect modern medical logistics service system, integrated warehousing and distribution and intelligent supply chain service capabilities. The logistics center has a storage area of more than 180,000 square meters and more than 260 self-operated transport vehicles in Guangdong and Guangxi. Customer types of services include upstream and downstream customers of distribution and operation headquarters, and third-party logistics customers include innovative pharmaceutical companies, disease control customers, pharmaceutical machinery manufacturers and commercial companies, vaccine manufacturers, etc. The distribution scope is the whole country. Distribution terminals include hospital direct sales customers, primary medical customers, small social medical customers, commercial customers, retail direct sales customers, CDC and individuals. The logistics center relies on the national logistics resources of Sinopharm Holdings and combines the carrier resources to achieve full coverage of medical logistics in urban and rural areas across the country. The company’s logistics products mainly include: warehousing inspection service, storage service, delivery service, insurance and supply chain optimization and other value-added services; Value-added services such as transportation medicine city distribution service, medicine special car service, medicine express service and supply chain optimization.

　　2. Retail business

　　(1) Procurement mode

　　The procurement mode of Guoda pharmacy is divided into centralized procurement and local procurement; The purchasing methods of centralized purchasing are divided into unified signing and separate purchasing and unified signing and unified purchasing; Three-party contracts (headquarters, regional companies and suppliers) are signed by the headquarters, and regional companies directly purchase goods from suppliers. Unified signing and unified procurement is signed by the headquarters and suppliers, and the headquarters will concentrate on purchasing goods, and then the headquarters will distribute them to regional companies for sales. The procurement method of local procurement is that the regional company directly signs a contract with the supplier, and the region purchases and sells itself. In 2021, the sales of centralized mining accounted for 44%, and the local mining accounted for 56%.

　　(2) Sales model

　　The retail business of Guoda Pharmacy is mainly carried out in the form of chain operation, covering two parts: direct operation and joining. By December 2021, there were 8,798 total stores, 7,257 direct stores and 1,541 franchise stores, with 20 provincial markets. Mainly engaged in Chinese and western medicines, Chinese herbal pieces, medical equipment, health food, health food and supplies; Actively promote the () intercommunication of medicines in internet plus in business mode, and open up "5+X" retail diagnosis and treatment innovative stores in combination with Chinese medicine, western medicine, rehabilitation physiotherapy and other services. At the same time, we continue to optimize the new mode of chronic disease diagnosis and treatment and member management. At present, we have nearly 24 million effective members, establish health records for chronic patients, follow up for a long time, and cooperate with domestic and foreign head suppliers to continuously improve the professional pharmacy service ability, provide quality health products and services for the broad masses of the people, and practice the social responsibility of state-owned enterprises.

　　(3) Logistics distribution mode

　　There are two main types of logistics warehouse management modes for the headquarters and subsidiaries of Guoda Pharmacy. One is the self-management logistics mode, that is, the subsidiaries rent warehouses for the warehouse operation and distribution services of stores and external customers, and the other is the logistics distribution mode of entrusting the state-controlled system, that is, the subsidiaries entrust local state-controlled companies for storage and transportation based on factors such as cost or resource sharing. At present, the proportion of entrusted distribution is 27%. There are three modes of transportation, self-operated distribution, the second is entrusted to the third party, and the third is mixed transportation management, self-operated+entrusted mode.

　　(III) The Company’s annual performance and main work in 2021

　　The year 2021 is a significant moment for the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s centenary birthday and a key node for the historical intersection of "two centennials". Domestic epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development are under pressure. Sinopharm consistently adheres to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, the supreme leader in the new era, thoroughly implements the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the previous plenary sessions of the 19th National Congress, fully implements the general requirements for party building and the party’s organizational line in the new era, and conscientiously implements the deployment requirements of Sinopharm Group and Sinopharm Holdings. Focusing on the strategic policy of "technology empowerment, service upgrade, integration of wholesale and retail, and dual drive of industry and finance", Sinopharm continued to push forward the "14 th Five-Year Plan" of "1-2-6" with one core, two networks and six platforms. Under the annual work idea of "building a new development pattern and sustained high-quality development", Sinopharm has made concerted efforts with 40,000 employees to achieve a new start in the first year of the "14 th Five-Year Plan"

　　Operation in 2021

　　In 2021, under the influence of the epidemic situation in COVID-19, centralized drug collection and other policies, Sinopharm faced the pressure unanimously, took various measures simultaneously and made great efforts to start. In the whole year, the accumulated operating income was 68.358 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 14.60%; Operating profit was 1.952 billion yuan, down 9.77% year-on-year; The net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies was 1.336 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 4.67%. The decline in profit was mainly due to the results of the company’s impairment test of goodwill and intangible assets this year.

　　Following the principle of prudence, provision for impairment of goodwill and intangible assets (brand use right and sales network) is made for Shanghai Dingqun Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd. (and Sinopharm Holdings Tianhe Jilin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). At the same time, the retail sector opened 1155 new direct-operated stores in 2021. The initial investment in new stores was large, and the benefits have not yet appeared. Due to the multiple influences of industry policies and epidemics, the profit space has narrowed.

　　In 2021, Sinopharm’s consistent distribution business completed a total operating income of 46.833 billion yuan, up 14.03% year-on-year, and realized a net profit of 947 million yuan, up 10.74% year-on-year. Among them: the income from traditional medical direct selling business was 31.9 billion yuan, up 15% year-on-year; Retail direct sales revenue was 6.2 billion, a year-on-year increase of 1%; Retail medical income was 2 billion, a year-on-year increase of 19%; The income from commercial distribution business was 5.2 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19%.

　　In 2021, Guoda Pharmacy completed a total operating income of 22.478 billion yuan, up 15.64% year-on-year, and realized a net profit of 184 million yuan, down 61.38% year-on-year. The net profit of returning to the mother was 65 million yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 80.88%. Among them: the revenue of retail formats (including direct stores and franchise stores) was 17.99 billion, up 16.3% year-on-year; Distribution revenue was 4.1 billion, up 15% year-on-year.

　　In 2021, the company’s accumulated investment income in joint ventures was 333 million yuan, down 5.91% year-on-year.

　　1. gather strength to fight the epidemic and show the responsibility of central enterprises.

　　By December 2021, Sinopharm’s subsidiaries at all levels had obtained 67 qualifications such as medicine and epidemic materials reserve (including 2 qualifications for central medicine reserve; 12 provincial and municipal qualifications; The number of central direct fund reserves is 25; The government has 28 qualifications for epidemic prevention and control and special procurement), and has successively completed the emergency distribution of materials in several epidemic areas in Guangdong and Guangxi.

　　Undertaking the storage and distribution of disease control vaccines in Guangdong and Guangxi, setting up a special vaccine command team/operation team, responding quickly on duty 24 hours a day, investing nearly 2,000 square meters in cold storage and 120 refrigerated trucks, undertaking 60% of COVID-19 vaccine storage and distribution services in Guangdong Province, and signing 40 disease control contracts, covering about 1,700 inoculation sites; More than 3.4 million COVID-19 vaccines were distributed in Guangxi, covering more than 130 inoculation sites.

　　In response to the local government’s requirements for epidemic prevention and control, the emergency mode of "Enterprise WeChat customer service guidance+store order taking+logistics car delivery" was launched in the closed environment of the epidemic outbreak isolation area, and it was open all day, providing professional consultation and medicine delivery services for chronic patients in the epidemic isolation area; Assist the hospital to open an Internet prescription circulation channel to meet the online follow-up and medication needs of patients in epidemic isolation areas. Many subsidiaries of the company won the anti-epidemic awards issued by the government and industry associations, and the advanced deeds of fighting the COVID-19 epidemic were included in the briefing on the study and education of party history carried out by the state-owned assets system of Guangdong Province and the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League.

　　2. Consistent distribution business of Sinopharm: Consolidate traditional business, develop innovative business, and continuously improve market competitiveness.

　　(1) Traditional business:

　　Traditional business further stimulates vitality, becomes stronger and bigger, and leads the industry. Consistent distribution of Sinopharm actively grasps the opportunity of centralized procurement policy and fully obtains the distribution right of centralized varieties. In the year, the distribution rate of all countries and provinces in Guangdong and Guangxi exceeded 95%, ranking first in the distribution rate; At the same time, we actively seize the opportunity of dual-channel market and strive for the distribution right of dual-channel products. The entrusted distribution rate of products exceeds 80%. Purchase and sales linkage, accelerate the upstream and downstream icebreaking, and continuously improve the market share; Promote marketing transformation, build a professional marketing team in the field of cancer and chronic diseases, and carry out CSO cooperation mode in depth; Strengthen the development and introduction of new potential suppliers, continuously optimize the hierarchical management of suppliers, institutionalize the development of supplier cooperation projects, and introduce 700 new products through multiple channels.

　　The winning rate of Chinese herbal pieces in hospitals has increased, and the market expansion of refined herbal pieces has achieved initial results, with the overall business increasing by 45% year-on-year; Medical beauty opens the C-end marketing model.

　　(2) Retail direct selling:

　　Promote the national top 100 chain projects, deepen cooperation and enhance product introduction. To speed up the network layout of member stores, the total number of member stores has reached 1313, with sales increasing by 66% year-on-year. Continue to give full play to the advantages of e-commerce B2B, optimize online platform services, increase online saleable product specifications, promote targeted product specifications, and increase the frequency of customers’ online orders.

　　(3) Retail diagnosis and treatment:

　　Continue to speed up the layout of retail clinics in Guangdong and Guangxi. There are 120 large pharmacies controlled by Sinopharm in Guangdong and Guangxi (with a net increase of 20 stores in the whole year), including 91 in Guangdong and 29 in Guangxi; 35 stores with "dual-channel" qualification have been obtained, and the brand advantages of "medical insurance+commercial insurance" have been continuously exerted, and the sales have shown a steady growth trend. There were 31 prescription circulation projects, and the total circulation increased by 124%.

　　(4) Equipment consumables business:

　　Actively expand to build a commercial platform with upstream manufacturers, open a device experience center, explore the marketing model of household devices, set up a clinical service team, realize the extension of the service function of the commercial platform, explore the cooperation model of medical devices with large access, and develop the integration of medical devices in the whole province.

　　(5) Innovative business:

　　Actively promote the service transformation, and develop to C logistics/services in the hospital, home and community medical care and health care, medical association/medical community primary medical services, retail diagnosis and treatment/retail direct sales and other directions. Integrate resources, promote the specialization and platform construction of innovative business, and set industry benchmarks. Many projects have won the top ten demonstration cases and excellent cases of service innovation in pharmaceutical supply chain.

　　(6) the third party logistics:

　　Vigorously develop third-party logistics services, and add state-controlled Guangzhou and Shanghai equipment warehouses and Sinopharm Holdings Guangzhou public bonded warehouses. The disease control business increased by 197% year-on-year, the innovative pharmaceutical business increased by 201% year-on-year, and the pharmaceutical machinery business increased by 15% year-on-year. The vaccine business maintains a leading position in the regional market.

　　3. Guoda pharmacy business: focus on strategy, improve quality and efficiency, consolidate the scale of existing business and explore innovative business development.

　　(1) Accelerate the network layout of the whole network and promote the expansion and sinking of stores.

　　By the end of 2021, the total number of pharmacy stores in Guoda was 8,798, an increase of 1,138 compared with the beginning of the year, including 1,155 newly opened direct-operated stores, 244 newly added through mergers and acquisitions, and 93 newly joined stores, with a total increase of 1,138 after deducting the impact of store closure and store transfer.

　　(2) Focus on building a self-operated e-commerce platform and continue to promote online and offline integration.

　　Focus on the development and construction of self-operated platforms, which have been launched in 26 regional companies and over 6,000 stores. To build a self-media platform for Guoda Pharmacy, 14 regional subsidiaries have opened 28 video numbers. Improve the quality of third-party O2O operations, increase the number of online stores to 7,000, increase the number of operating products to 2,000 SKU//store, and continuously improve the gross profit margin of O2O. The O2O business introduces traffic platforms such as Ping An Good Doctor to sell drugs at night. The annual sales of e-commerce business (including B2C) reached 2.23 billion, a year-on-year increase of 99.6%.

　　(3) Continue to innovate business models and create new retail of medicine.

　　1) Actively carry out the prescription outflow project and build an Internet hospital: in response to the "dual-channel" policy of medical insurance, 13 new medical insurance stores were added throughout the year; In cooperation with 16 Internet hospital platforms, prescription outflow projects have been carried out in Shenzhen, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Jilin and Shenyang, creating a one-stop service of "Internet diagnosis and treatment+prescription online circulation+drug delivery to home"; Jiaren Medical Health (Hainan) Co., Ltd., a newly established joint venture, has obtained the license of Internet Hospital and completed the system docking.

　　2) Create a new retail model and promote service upgrade: create the first new concept store with SPS+ great health integration, and the store design won the "Top Ten Pharmacy Retail Model Innovation Award"; 340 stores are open 24 hours a day to provide night medicine purchase service; Set up 217 panda self-service medicine vending machines to provide intelligent service of self-service medicine purchase.

　　3) Explore the construction of digital intelligent unattended pharmacy: actively explore various digital application scenarios such as digital shelf+machine vision+multi-sensor fusion technology to realize non-inductive payment, artificial intelligence to assist in-store customers and drug purchase tracking, and pilot "non-inductive payment" in Shenzhen Guoda Pharmacy and "code scanning payment" in Shanghai Longhua East Road Store.

　　(4) Continue to pay attention to the improvement of gross profit, and set up a gross profit improvement project team (procurement, commodities, private brands, marketing and operation), focusing on the adjustment of sales structure and the control of gross profit margin of commodities themselves; The main index of gross profit margin basically achieved the annual task.

　　(5) Vigorously promote the systematic development of private brands.

　　We promoted the systematic construction of our own brand business, and protected our own brand and "China-made" products at home. The OEM business increased by 115% year-on-year. Create a new model, create new growth points, create a sales model of drainage products "Jiebaonuo" cotton tablets, and an innovative development model of industrial and commercial cooperation in the Chinese medicine system.

　　(6) Continue to build a professional pharmacy service system.

　　Carry out training on drug information platform, covering 31,863 shop assistants and managers nationwide, and carry out training around five modules: professional foundation, patient education, practical application, chronic disease goods and related goods; Organized the training of licensed pharmacists, and 476 employees obtained the qualification of licensed pharmacists; Provide health management services, and provide professional services for over 7 million chronically ill members by means of health testing, member filing, health education and medication guidance; To improve the viscosity of members, Guoda Pharmacy cooperated with the third party Yiyouhui to build a member platform, and has launched several cooperation projects with a number of foreign-funded manufacturers.

　　4. Improve quality, increase efficiency and seek benefits

　　Normalization promotes the special work of improving quality and increasing efficiency. Improve the concentration of funds, enjoy tax incentives, revitalize resources and save costs. Human resources investment and business have maintained a benign synergy, and the scale of personnel has been continuously and dynamically optimized. The growth rate of team size is much lower than that of revenue. Accelerate the continuous optimization of the company’s business structure and continue to carry out the "two gold" pressure control. Take one enterprise and one policy for subordinate loss-making enterprises, refine the measures to turn losses into losses, and increase the intensity of special assessment.

　　5. Continue to promote comprehensive digital transformation.

　　Promote integrated information management, and continuously optimize management processes and business links with digital projects. Strengthen basic information management, establish a stable and efficient basic equipment support system, carry out database inspection and optimization, and complete the construction of Guangzhou-Shenzhen disaster recovery platform. Promote the digital project of management platform and business system, improve the financial sharing platform, switch the NC unified financial platform to the national pharmacy, and pilot the online financial robot. Distribution revolves around the strategic deployment of "one body and two wings", and carries out the docking of supply chain automation, micro-shopping malls, dual channels and prescription circulation; Guoda Pharmacy promotes the establishment of several digital transformation projects, such as unmanned intelligent pharmacy, business system optimization, unified DTP system online use, online mall system and OMS system optimization and construction, etc.

　　6. Empowering science and technology to optimize supply chain efficiency

　　Continue to promote logistics network planning. At present, the company has 61 self-operated+entrusted logistics centers, with a total area of 370,000 square meters. It has established an index system to carry out national supply chain logistics monitoring, and carried out national logistics planning and B2B2C planning integrating wholesale and retail, breaking the decentralized layout of "one place and one warehouse" and improving the efficiency of warehouse network; Layout logistics wholesale and retail integration, joint supply, joint inventory, joint network.

　　Promote the intelligent transformation of the number of logistics warehouses, and create the 3A intelligent logistics solution (AS/RS+AMR+AI). By using OCR+AI visual identification system, the state-controlled Guangdong Logistics introduced intelligent equipment such as robotic arms and AGV smart cars to get through the logistics management system, which increased the warehouse storage density by 10% and the overall efficiency by 25%. AGV unmanned warehouse realizes its own FYWMS system docking AGV scheduling, realizes multi-floor intelligent equipment scheduling, and effectively improves the efficiency of supply chain.

　　7. Continue to promote the core strategy of wholesale and retail integration.

　　Dig deep into the connotation and value of "wholesale and retail integration" and promote the extension of resources to the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain. Start the expansion of the pilot area of wholesale and retail integration, and select 10 regions including Shanxi and Inner Mongolia for promotion, totaling 15 regions. On the basis of "one place, one policy", we will continue to promote it dynamically and rely on the operational characteristics of various places to export effective business models and profit models. Guangdong province’s wholesale and retail collaborative sales reached 1.03 billion.

　　During the reporting period, the operation of retail stores:

　　1. By the end of 2021, Guoda Pharmacy had 7,257 directly operated stores, with a sales income of 16.64 billion yuan; There are 1541 franchise stores, with a distribution income of 1.34 billion yuan.

　　Remarks: North: Liaoning, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Jilin;

　　East China: Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Fujian, Zhejiang;

　　South China: Guangdong and Guangxi;

　　Central China: Henan and Hunan;

　　Northwest: Ningxia and Xinjiang;

　　Southwest: Yunnan.

　　(1) In 2021, 1,155 directly operated stores were opened and 347 stores were closed, with a net increase of 808 stores.

　　(2) The store’s medical insurance qualification.

　　By December 31st, 2021, the company had 7,257 direct chain stores, and 6,338 pharmacies had obtained the qualification of "designated retail pharmacies for medical insurance", accounting for 87% of the total number of pharmacies in the company.

　　2. Changes of main sales indicators

　　(1) Store operation by region

　　(2) The operating efficiency of the company’s direct stores during the reporting period.

　　Average daily operating income = operating income including tax of the store in the current year/business days of the store in the current year.

　　3, the top ten stores operating income.

　　4. Category structure of retail terminal

　　5. Procurement and suppliers

　　The commodity suppliers of Guoda Pharmacy are mainly external suppliers, assisting some affiliated enterprises and their own brands of Sinopharm Group. Top 5 suppliers in 2021:

　　6. Member management and service business

　　In 2021, the company’s member sales accounted for 67%, which was unchanged from that in 2020. At the same time, the number of member transactions in 2021 increased by 25% compared with 2020. The proportion of member transactions in the total number of transactions increased from 56% in 2018 to 64% in 2021. In the process of continuous sales improvement in the past three years, the number of member transactions has maintained a steady growth every year, which has played a key supporting role in the steady improvement of the company’s performance.

　　By optimizing the product structure, the company can improve its operating efficiency. In 2021, the unit price of the company’s member customers will be 108 yuan, and the unit price of non-member customers will be 82 yuan. The main difference between members and non-members lies in the degree of brand recognition and the differentiation of the types of goods purchased.

　　7. Warehousing and logistics during the reporting period

　　By the end of 2021, Guoda Pharmacy has 33 logistics centers/distribution centers in 20 provinces (including 9 entrusted logistics and 24 self-owned logistics), and the total area of its own warehouses is 190,000 square meters; Among them, the cold storage area is 1463 square meters, and the cold storage volume is 3880 cubic meters, which is used for the storage and circulation of normal temperature, cool and refrigerated goods, ensuring the distribution of all customers’ goods; There are 173 self-owned logistics vehicles in China, including 20 refrigerated trucks; The number of logistics employees in NUS is 1387; In China, 20.49 million pieces were swallowed and 98.86 million orders were made.

　　8. On-line sales during the reporting period

　　In 2021, online sales increased by 56% year-on-year, of which self-operated platform business increased by 33%, third-party O2O business increased by 93%, and B2C business increased by 8%. The O2O network layout covers over 7,000 stores in 23 provinces across the country.

　　9, to undertake prescription outflow and chronic disease management

　　With the continuous deepening of the national medicine reform, drugs have collapsed on the basis of medicine-supporting medical model through policies such as purchasing with quantity, centralized bidding and dual channels, and prescription outflow has gradually become a trend. In 2021, the overall prescription sales of pharmacies in Guoda were 9.98 billion (including DTP), up 21.3% year-on-year. Among them, represented by Xinjiang, the sales of prescription drugs in 2021 were 720 million (including DTP), up 60% year-on-year. The sales of prescription drugs have brought great influence to chain pharmacies.

　　In order to better undertake the outflow of prescriptions, it is necessary to strengthen the professional service ability and establish a chronic disease management team. In 2021, Guoda Pharmacy organized online study for diabetes specialists and hypertension specialists every week, covering 26 regions, and actually trained 2,593 diabetes specialists and 2,568 hypertension specialists; Accumulated 1.01 million diabetes members and 970,000 hypertension members were filed, and the sales of diabetes and hypertension products increased by 11.7% and 14.2% year-on-year.

　　10. Development of innovative business

　　In 2021, the innovative business of Guoda Pharmacy will be driven by the business model of "medicine+medicine+insurance". In November 2021, Jialong Health, a shareholder of Guoda Pharmacy, obtained the qualification of Hainan Internet Hospital, laying the foundation for Guoda Pharmacy to realize online service and medical care. In terms of commercial insurance, sales in 2021 increased by 159% year-on-year, involving various types of fund insurance, serious illness, chronic illness and other multi-faceted business attempts. E-commerce business continued to maintain rapid growth in the self-operated platform construction and O2O. The self-operated platform realized the mode of dividing employees’ commission, and introduced some large health products for online distribution. In 2021, Guoda Pharmacy achieved a breakthrough in self-media and live broadcast business, and completed more than 340 live broadcast businesses throughout the year, and jointly created short videos and other publicity with Meituan, Hungry and cooperative brands to enhance the overall brand image of the company. At the same time, since 2019, the self-service drug purchasing machine business has achieved a good breakthrough in 2021. At the end of 2021, 217 self-service drug purchasing machines were laid in airports, stations, hospitals, enterprises, parks, pharmacies and other channels.

　　

　　Third, the core competitiveness analysis

　　1. Strong network coverage and layout

　　Sinopharm has consistently relied on a sound distribution network and variety resources to do a good job in the integration of wholesale and retail resources. The company has a complete drug distribution network and sales in all formats have achieved steady growth.

　　(1) 27 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong and Guangxi have strong netcom in regional distribution business, covering all levels of medical institutions, small-scale social medical offices and retail chain single-store terminals; In terms of retail diagnosis and treatment, there are 120 DTP and hospital-side pharmacies (Sinopharm Holding Pharmacy);

　　(2) Guoda Pharmacy has 8798 retail stores, and its chain network covers 20 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, covering more than 150 cities in China.

　　2. Rich variety resources

　　After years of hard work, the company’s distribution business has rich variety resources in many fields such as medicines and consumables, and has established extensive cooperative relations with thousands of domestic manufacturers and commercial enterprises, and established stable business relations with hundreds of imported and joint venture manufacturers, with an overall operating product specification of more than 60,000.

　　Guoda Pharmacy operates nearly 180,000 kinds of product specifications. With a relatively complete procurement network and many years of experience in commodity operation, Guoda Pharmacy has established a commodity system with wide coverage, high specialization and rich varieties.

　　3. Perfect logistics distribution system

　　In terms of distribution, warehousing and transportation network, the logistics center has a storage area of more than 180,000 square meters in Guangdong and Guangxi, with 5 logistics centers, 23 distribution centers and 1 transfer station, forming a stepped logistics distribution network. Relying on the national logistics resources of Sinopharm Holdings and combining the resources of carriers, we will realize the full coverage of medical logistics in urban and rural areas throughout the country. In terms of informationization and automation, it has a modern logistics management system, including WMS warehouse management system, TMS intelligent dispatching system, logistics visualization system, AGV goods-to-people system, robotic arm and five-sided code scanning instrument, so as to realize digitalization and intelligence of logistics, continuously improve the efficiency and quality of logistics services. In terms of operation management, unified standardized operation norms and management, integrated quality management system, integrated information management and integrated operation management are implemented. Unified planning, unified deployment and unified management are implemented in logistics resource management.

　　Guoda Pharmacy has a modern logistics distribution system covering domestic scope. Guoda Pharmacy has 33 large and small logistics warehouses in 20 provinces, with a total storage area of over 190,000 square meters. Headquarters logistics management is the highest logistics management institution, which is responsible for the management of logistics warehouses of all subsidiaries in China, the planning and construction of logistics networks, and the information collection and analysis of warehouses. Headquarters logistics provides trunk distribution of centralized goods to warehouses, and regional subsidiaries provide all goods distribution to local stores and external customers. Companies with wholesale qualifications can also provide wholesale distribution between warehouses.

　　4. Medical insurance resources and advantages of dual-channel stores

　　In terms of distribution and retail, by the end of 2021, it has obtained the qualification of "dual-channel" pharmacy in 24 cities and 37 pharmacies in Guangdong and Guangxi. Among them, a total of 25 stores in 14 cities in Guangdong Province have obtained the qualification of "dual-channel" pharmacies, and have served more than 100,000 insured persons. Their professional and meticulous services have been repeatedly recognized by local insured persons, medical insurance, hospitals and industry associations.

　　In terms of the development of pharmaceutical retail, the subsidiaries of Guoda Pharmacy generally have a high ability to obtain medical insurance resources, with a relatively high proportion of medical insurance sales and stable operation. By the end of 2021, there were 6,338 medical insurance stores, and the tax-included sales of direct medical insurance stores was 16.69 billion yuan, up 17% year-on-year. The tax-included sales of direct medical insurance cards reached 7.4 billion yuan, up 26% year-on-year. There are 102 dual-channel stores with a cumulative sales of 2.8 billion yuan.

　　5. Compliance advantages

　　The company strictly adheres to the requirements of legal compliance in the process of operation and management, and has great advantages in the face of stricter policy supervision.

　　6. An influential brand of Chinese medicine.

　　The company’s brand and retail and distribution sub-brands are in the same strain as the brands of controlling shareholders and actual controllers. Relying on the strong influence of central enterprises, the company’s popularity and influence in the industry are increasingly prominent.

IV. Prospects for the future development of the company

　　(A) the industry pattern and trends

　　1. The concentration of the pharmaceutical industry will increase, and the business model will be reconstructed. According to the Guiding Opinions of the Ministry of Commerce on Promoting the High-quality Development of the Pharmaceutical Circulation Industry during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the overall goal by 2025 is to cultivate and form 1-3 large-scale digital and comprehensive pharmaceutical circulation enterprises exceeding 500 billion yuan and 5-10 enterprises exceeding 100 billion yuan, and the retail chain rate of pharmaceuticals is close to 70%. From this, it can be seen that the state supports and encourages the formation of national and regional leading patterns, whether it is the upstream original research drugs, generic drug manufacturers or the middle-stream circulation enterprises, which will accelerate the leap of centralized measurement level in the market, and the small and medium-sized circulation enterprises with weak comprehensive strength will be eliminated and the business model of the circulation industry will be reconstructed.

　　2. Centralized mining speeds up the expansion, and the gross profit space is further compressed. The scope of centralized procurement with quantity will continue to expand, the price of drugs will be further reduced, and the gross profit space will be further compressed. The three major sectors of chemical medicine, Chinese patent medicine and biological medicine will carry out centralized procurement in all directions, and high-value medical consumables will focus on orthopedic consumables, drug balloons, dental implants and other varieties. At the same time, cross-regional alliance with quantity procurement will gradually become a trend; At the same time, more and more varieties of Chinese patent medicines and biological agents will be brought into centralized collection. With the further expansion of centralized purchasing, the gross profit margin of pharmaceutical consumables will further decline.

　　3. Innovation, transformation and upgrading of the pharmaceutical market, and accelerated reshuffle of the industry. With the medical reform entering the deep water area, the quantity procurement and medical insurance negotiation have greatly changed the medical ecology. Policies encourage innovation. Facing the new pattern, traditional pharmaceutical companies seek transformation in marketing model, R&D strategy and overseas layout, so as to cope with or lead the development of industrial trends. According to the national policy guidance and the increasingly fierce competition among circulation enterprises, circulation enterprises will continue to promote business model innovation and service innovation, and improve their business performance by steadily developing their scale.

　　4. The market demand for pharmaceutical consumption and diversified payment funds will jointly support the scale and volume of the pharmaceutical retail market. According to the forecast of Minenet, by 2029, the drug market scale of retail pharmacy terminals alone will reach 1.15 trillion yuan.

　　5. Innovative drugs, traditional Chinese medicine and other categories will become the main force driving the increment of China’s pharmaceutical retail market. According to the "14th Five-Year Plan for Pharmaceutical Industry Development" jointly issued by nine departments in January, 2022, the innovation-driven development pattern will be fully formed, and the number of original new drugs and "leading" products will increase, and China will become an important source of pharmaceutical innovation in the world. According to IQVIA’s forecast, in the next five years, driven by the increase in the number and dosage of innovative new drugs, China’s drug expenditure will increase by 3.8% CAGR, and the main contribution to the growth will be the original brand drugs, and the CAGR will be 10.4% in 2022-2026. Retail pharmacies will enjoy this wave of innovative drugs out-of-hospital market dividends through the "dual-channel" qualification.

　　6. With the "three-medical linkage" reform, the drug price has dropped in an all-round way, and retail pharmacies urgently need to accelerate the development and transformation driven by innovative services and cultivate new income growth points. Based on the innovative ideas of the transformation of world-class enterprises and the health service strategy of Wobolian (), we will vigorously develop medical and health clinic services such as VillageMD and HealthCorner.

　　(2) Possible risks

　　1, novel coronavirus epidemic continued to affect. Although the domestic COVID-19 epidemic has been effectively controlled, it is still sporadic. Once there is an outbreak in the company’s business area, under the current strict prevention and control measures, the decline in hospital outpatient service and outpatient drug use still has a noticeable impact on the company’s business.

　　2. Policy risk: National policies have direct guidance and influence on the development of pharmaceutical retail industry. Under the premise of medical insurance cost control, the centralized procurement of drugs with quantity is normalized and institutionalized, and the price of drugs has dropped overall; In addition to the comprehensive spread of the variety of drugs collected, the drug price linkage mechanism has also landed in some areas. The supply chain capacity and profitability of retail pharmacies are facing challenges. At the same time, the supervision of medical insurance funds is becoming stricter in an all-round way. The construction of medical insurance informatization will be accelerated in an all-round way, and a unified national medical insurance information platform will be built. In the future, the unified national medical insurance information platform will be vertically connected, horizontally connected, internally and externally interconnected, and ecologically integrated, and the medical insurance information will be fully transparent. The supervision of medical insurance fund will be upgraded in an all-round way, the requirements for compliance operation of pharmacies will be improved, and the compliance cost of pharmacies will increase. The related policies of Internet diagnosis and treatment norms have been issued, and strict restrictions have been imposed on such behaviors as prescribing for the first visit, unifying prescriptions and supplementing prescriptions. Online diagnosis and treatment of pharmacies, medical e-commerce and other business operations are also facing greater compliance requirements.

　　3. Market changes and market competition risks: the pharmaceutical retail industry has entered a stage of high-quality development, the growth rate of market scale has slowed down, and the overall number of stores is still expanding. In this environment, the competition in the industry has intensified, and major chains are seizing the opportunity to expand their store size and scramble for land through self-opening, joining and mergers and acquisitions, and the industry concentration has been continuously improved. The passenger flow in offline pharmacies is blocked, which is not only squeezed by online channels, but also affected by the return of some patients to the hospital due to centralized purchase. Retail pharmacies are facing challenges from peer competition, online channel competition and medical institutions, especially primary medical institutions. Guoda Pharmacy, as a leading chain pharmacy enterprise in the industry, has a network of stores covering 20 provinces and cities across the country, backed by Sinopharm Holdings and Sinopharm Consistency, and has competitive advantages in terms of supply chain capability, hospital channel resources, brand value and logistics capability. However, with the intensification of industry competition, how to maintain the leading position, scale and competitive advantage of the industry is still facing challenges.

　　4. Risk of public opinion: The popularity of the Internet leads to the rapid spread of network information. With the continuous expansion of social networks online, the spread of information is not only through traditional media, but also through the dynamics shared by social accounts, and public opinion has become a more important risk point.

　　5. Compliance risk: In recent years, drug management has become stricter, and GSP regulations have become stricter. For example, the appearance of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces does not meet the requirements, as well as mildew and moth-eaten. Penalties for violations have increased. In addition to the gradual increase in exposure and fines, penalties such as revocation of medical insurance qualifications have also occurred from time to time. The implementation of the new version of the Drug Administration Law faces the most severe punishment under the strongest supervision. Government market management behaviors such as supervision, inspection and punishment, such as cooperation with epidemic management, are also becoming more and more frequent.

　　6. Risk of impairment of goodwill: On December 31, 2021, the book value of goodwill in the company’s consolidated financial statements was RMB 2.776 billion, which was allocated to the asset groups corresponding to the distribution segment and the retail segment. According to the provisions of the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises, the company conducts impairment test on goodwill every year. (For the disclosure of impairment of goodwill, please refer to Notes III, 17 and 33 and Notes V and 18 in Section X of the Financial Report. )

　　(3) The company’s business plan

　　In 2022, Sinopharm will continue to comprehensively strengthen the party’s leadership, accurately grasp the new development stage, thoroughly implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, take high-quality development as the main line goal, take the "14 th Five-Year Plan" as the guide, focus on customer value, and take "technology empowerment, service upgrade, integration of wholesale and retail, and dual drive of industry and finance" as the core development measures. Build a "1-2-6" digital medical and health service system based on omni-channel, all categories and full life cycle, keep a close eye on the development, changes and trends of national medical reform policies, strengthen the research and judgment of industry policy trends, and make overall plans to promote steady growth, adjust structure, promote innovation, strengthen science and technology, prevent risks, "seek change in stability" and "seek innovation in change" to achieve high-quality development.

　　1. Pay equal attention to both endogenous and exogenous development, and maintain the leading industry scale.

　　Strengthen the guidance of strategic planning, while steadily developing traditional businesses, do a good job in endogenous innovation development and extension of mergers and acquisitions, and continuously increase market share. Strengthen the distribution sector and consolidate the leading position; Expand the retail sector and enhance profitability.

　　2. Benchmarking first-class management to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.

　　Make up the shortcomings, deepen organizational change and management innovation, promote the modernization of management capabilities and management systems, and enhance the support for strategic landing and business transformation. Focus on the efficiency and benefit of human resources, optimize the development of management, talents and organizations, and maintain a high matching degree and high supply rate between talents and strategies and businesses. Customer-oriented, adhere to management improvement and value creation. Focusing on customer needs and combining business scenarios, we will accelerate the application of technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, strengthen the promotion of digital transformation projects, and drive innovative services and supply chain upgrades with numbers.

　　3. Adjust the structure to promote transformation and build a new value-driven business model.

　　Grasp the demand changes in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, build an omni-channel, whole industrial chain and whole life cycle service system around the customer value orientation, and win the development opportunity in the innovative service track.

　　4. The consistent distribution of Sinopharm focuses on the strategy of "one body and two wings" and continues to transform and innovate.

　　Strengthen the strategic goal orientation, face the change directly, focus on the share and improve the efficiency. Continue to develop retail business, improve the network, enrich varieties, cooperate with wholesale and retail, develop with characteristics, and strengthen and upgrade the competitive advantage. Establish a marketing service system, integrate wholesale and retail network resources, expand CSO product projects, promote marketing system and team building, and improve the marketing service capabilities of medical institutions and end consumers.

　　Continue to promote business transformation and innovation, integrate digital transformation and supply chain optimization into the business, and achieve model breakthrough and scale improvement of innovative business. Provide a comprehensive 4D overall service solution to enhance the integrated service capability; Continue to expand the leading edge of SPD business and promote the upgrade of service platform and operation and maintenance capability; Continue to promote the upgrading of third-party logistics value-added services, and explore the ability to build warehouse distribution+cold chain +SPD+2C+ logistics services.

　　5. The pharmacy of Guoda quickly becomes large-scale, deepening the market and improving the efficiency.

　　Strengthen strategic guidance, further intensify regional business integration, speed up the merger and acquisition of intentional cooperation projects, enhance the cooperation of opening stores and joining, speed up the national retail layout, further fill the blank market and expand the new provincial market layout. Continue to promote national integrated operation, enhance the advantages of economies of scale, and build the core competitiveness of NUS. Strengthen the online layout, focus on the construction of self-operated platforms and Internet hospitals, and explore the layout of commercial health insurance. Actively respond to the "dual-channel" policy and strive to achieve full coverage of all provinces and cities in dual-channel designated pharmacies. Strengthen the breakthrough of all products, linkage of purchase and sale, systematically promote the increase of gross profit margin, and continuously promote the development of self-owned brand product series and the construction of marketing system. Promote the integration of retail brand resources in an orderly manner and strengthen the influence of retail brands of "Guoda Pharmacy". Continue to promote digital transformation and continuously improve professional service capabilities.

　　6. Full coverage of wholesale and retail, and exploration and operation of various modes.

　　We will continue to promote the integration of wholesale and retail of Chinese medicine, and export effective business models and profit models according to the model of "one place, one policy and dynamic promotion" and relying on the operational characteristics of various places. On the basis of the original 15 pilot areas, 13 areas will be added to achieve full coverage of 28 areas in the country. Encourage regional exploration of business integration, equity integration, organizational integration, member stores and other model operations, and continue to promote the all-round cooperation of wholesale and retail through business cooperation, logistics cooperation, zero-machinery cooperation and management cooperation.

　　7. High-quality Party building leads to create a clean and healthy development environment.

　　Comprehensively strengthen the party’s political and ideological construction and adhere to the integration of party leadership and corporate governance. Deepen the construction of grassroots party organizations and deepen the comprehensive and strict management of the party. Cultivate and build a corporate culture with temperature, depth, breadth and height, which is consistent with the development of the "14 th Five-Year Plan" of Sinopharm and helps the development of enterprises.

　　On June 1st, "International Children’s Day", the inauguration ceremony of Xicheng Kangaroo Baby Home New Sunshine Academy was held in Beijing. Kangaroo Baby Home aims to provide services such as companion education and after-school care for riders’ children, and formulate protective and developmental measures at different stages of development according to different ages.

　　Li Yanqing, director of the Women Workers Department of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, Peng Yizhong, vice chairman of the National Finance and Trade Textile Tobacco Trade Union, Wang Huihui, head of the Fourth Division of the Organization Department of Beijing Xicheng District Committee, Jie Shen, deputy secretary of the Yuetan Street Working Committee of Beijing Xicheng District, Liu Zhengchen, secretary general of Beijing New Sunshine Charity Foundation, and family representatives of Kangaroo Baby Home were present.

　　In 2019, Meituan launched the Kangaroo Baby Public Welfare Program, dedicated to providing serious illness assistance and educational support for the children of take-away riders in the whole industry. In order to help riders solve the problem that it is difficult to balance work and child care, Meituan and non-profit organizations have established community children’s care institutions for children of takeaway riders in Yanjiao, Hebei, Haidian, Beijing and Wangjing, Beijing — — Kangaroo Baby House.

　　The service of Kangaroo Baby Home is open to all new employment groups, including riders. The service content covers serious illness relief, medical insurance reimbursement, Kangaroo Baby Public Welfare Program serious illness assistance consultation, etc. In terms of course content, it is also more diverse, including reading class, puzzle manual class, social activity class, etc., to provide diversified companionship for riders’ children. At the same time, the clients also expanded from children to parents, and social workers provided them with a series of convenient services such as emotional counseling and delivery skills training. The one-stop service of Kangaroo Baby House effectively alleviates the problems of the rider’s family, such as the difficulty of looking after children, the heavy burden of medical treatment and the great pressure of work, so that the rider and other new business practitioners’ families can enjoy reassuring care in their stressful work and life.

(Photo: Kangaroo Baby House Puzzle Handicraft Course)

　　As an "old friend" of Kangaroo Baby House, 12-year-old Xiaoxue witnessed the changes here. She made crafts and played the piano with her peers, making Xiaoxue more sociable and more harmonious with her parents. Xiaoxue’s father is a special rider. He said, "I feel at ease here, so that I have no worries about my work. I just need to pick up my children after work." Because there is a kangaroo baby house, I can take my child to the city where I work and participate more in her growth. "

　　After the completion of Xicheng Kangaroo Baby Home, it is expected to provide public welfare services for 100 families and 5,000 people throughout the year. In addition, by the end of May 2023, the "Kangaroo Baby" charity program had helped 624 children of seriously ill riders, with a total amount exceeding 24.287 million yuan. It is understood that in the future, Meituan will also serve more rider families by establishing kangaroo baby community and help workers in new employment forms to work and live with peace of mind.