National Catalogue of Excellent Crop Varieties Promotion (2023)
Foreword
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has attached great importance to seed industry, and repeatedly stressed the need to make up his mind to develop national seed industry and ensure national food security from the source. When the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the deliberation of the seed industry revitalization action plan in 2021, he emphasized that agricultural modernization is based on seeds, and the safety of seed sources should be raised to a strategic level related to national security. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the important task of accelerating the construction of a strong agricultural country and consolidating the foundation of food security in all directions, and called for in-depth implementation of the seed industry revitalization action. At the Central Rural Work Conference in 2022, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the seed industry revitalization action should be effectively achieved and the home-grown varieties should be firmly in their own hands. These important instructions and strategic arrangements have pointed out the way forward and provided fundamental follow-up for promoting the revitalization of seed industry in the new era and new journey.
In recent years, it is an important period for the rapid development of seed industry in China. The vitality of breeding innovation has been released and the pace of variety breeding has been obviously accelerated. In terms of the number of varieties, the number of approved varieties has increased greatly, providing more varieties for agricultural production; In terms of variety quality, high-quality green varieties are accelerated, which provides an important variety guarantee to meet the needs of people’s better life; In terms of variety types, special varieties have been approved one after another, which provides strong variety support for adapting to the transformation of agricultural production mode. At the same time, we should also see that with the rapid growth of the number of varieties, the problem of homogenization of varieties has become increasingly prominent, which is not conducive to the innovation and upgrading of varieties, but also brings difficulties to farmers’ scientific selection and use of seeds.
Ensuring the stable and safe supply of grain and important agricultural products has always been a top priority in building an agricultural power, and breeding and popularizing excellent varieties plays an important role in achieving this major strategic goal. In order to speed up the popularization and application of excellent varieties, improve the yield and quality level, and help guide farmers to select seeds scientifically and use seeds correctly, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has decided to compile and publish a national catalogue for the promotion of excellent varieties of crops from 2023, effectively guiding the industry to focus on demand breeding innovation and speeding up the upgrading of varieties.
I. General situation
In 2023, this catalogue will release 10 kinds of crops, including rice, wheat, corn, soybean, cotton, rape, peanut, potato, Chinese cabbage and cabbage, focusing on classification to guide the popularization and application of crop varieties. The released varieties include four types, including backbone type, growth type, emerging type and special type, forming a relatively complete variety promotion echelon to better serve the needs of agricultural seeds and farmers’ seed selection.
The backbone varieties have been approved (registered) for more than five years, the main grain, cotton and oil varieties have entered the top 10 in the suitable ecological area for three consecutive years, and the key vegetable varieties have entered the fifth place in the country for three consecutive years.
The growing variety has been approved (registered) for promotion for more than three years, and has outstanding performance in the national core exhibition base or provincial exhibition evaluation. The promotion area has increased rapidly, and it has entered the top 30 in the suitable ecological area (grain, cotton and oil) or the national (key vegetables), and is expected to grow into a backbone variety.
The budding variety is approved (registered) and popularized within three years, with good yield, resistance and quality, excellent comprehensive characters, excellent performance in the national core exhibition base or provincial exhibition evaluation, and great market potential. The formation enterprise or the integrated enterprise of breeding, breeding and promotion plans to promote it, and it is expected to further become a growing and backbone variety.
Specially-specialized varieties are newly approved (registered), meet the consumption needs of diversified markets, and can significantly improve the utilization rate of resources such as land, fertilizer, water, light and temperature, or have made breakthroughs and qualitative improvements in yield, resistance, quality, growth period, mechanization and new farming systems (such as ratooning rice and strip compound planting).
According to the above classification principle, based on the data of variety test, exhibition evaluation, statistics of main varieties’ extension area and production and operation of seed enterprises, recommended by provincial seed industry management departments and selected by experts, a total of 241 excellent varieties were introduced in 2023, including 36 rice, 29 wheat, 32 corn, 13 cotton, 22 soybeans, 26 rapeseed, 22 peanuts, 20 potatoes and 21 Chinese cabbage.
Second, rice varieties
(a) backbone varieties (10)
Longjing 31, Nanjing 9108, Huang Huazhan, Jingliangyou 534, Jingliangyou Huazhan, Zhongjiazao 17, Longliangyou Huazhan, Quanyou 822, Yixiangyou 2115 and Meixiangzhan 2.
(2) Growing varieties (9)
Suijing 27, Jingliangyou 8612, Longliangyou 534, Yexiang Youlisi, Zhongzao 39, Quanyou Silk Miao, Quanliangyou Silk Miao, Yongyou 1540 and Nanjing 5718.
(3) Emergent varieties (15 varieties)
Weiliangyou 7713, Chuankangyou 2115, Taiyou 808, Weiliangyou 8612, Liangyou 5078, Tsuen Liangyou 069, Zhongzheyou H7, Tsuen Liangyou 1606, Yulongyou 1611, Jiuyou27, Huazheyou 210, Zhuoliangyou 1126, Ningxiangjing No.9 and Qing Xiang Youxiang No.19.
(4) Specially specialized varieties (2)
Hanyou 73 (water-saving and drought-resistant rice) and Fengliang You Xiang No.1 (ratooning rice).
Third, wheat varieties
(a) backbone varieties (10)
Jimai 22, Bainong 207, Xinong 979, Zhengmai 379, Shan Nong 28, Luyuan 502, Chuanmai 104, Zhenmai 12, Zhongmai 175 and Zhongmai 1062.
(2) Growing varieties (8)
Jimai 44, Bainong 4199, Xinong 511, Zhoumai 36, Chuanmai 605, Ningmai 26, Luohan 22 and Zhongmai 36.
(3) Emergent varieties (9)
Zhongmai 578, Aimai 180, Jimai 765, Lunxuan 49, Chuanfu 14, Chuanmai 93, Young Mai 33, Huamai 11 and Weimai 9.
(4) Specially specialized varieties (2)
Jingmai 188 (salt-tolerant wheat) and Xiaoyan 60 (salt-tolerant wheat).
Fourth, corn varieties
(A) backbone varieties (11)
Zheng Dan 958, Xianyu 335, Jingke 968, denghai 605, Demeiya 1, Demeiya 3, Heyu 187, SEAO 29, Jingnongke 728, Zhongdan 808 and Zhengda 808.
(2) Growing varieties (8)
Yufeng 303, Zhongke Yu 505, Zhengyuanyu 432, Dongdan 1331, Youdi 919, Qiule 368, Xianda 901, MC121.
(3) Emergent varieties (8)
Jingke 999, Agricultural University 778, Xinghui 908, Zhongyu 303, Luodan 297, Shandan 650, Xiangyu 878 and Tie391.
(4) Specially specialized varieties (5)
Jingkenuo 2000 (fresh waxy corn), Wannuo 2000 (fresh waxy corn), Jinguan 218 (fresh sweet corn), Beinong Silage 368 (silage corn) and Shenbao 6 (popcorn).
Five,Soybean varieties
(a) backbone varieties (10)
Heihe 43, Qihuang 34, Keshan 1, Dengke 5, Zhonghuang 13, Jinyuan 55, Jidou 12, Henong 95, Dongnong 63 and Huajiang 2.
(2) Growing varieties (6)
Suinong 52, Heinong 84, Zhonghuang 901, Mengdou 1137, Hedou 33 and Henong 85.
(3) Emergent varieties (2)
Sui Nong 94, Zheng 1307.
(4) Specially specialized varieties (4)
Suitable for soybean and corn strip compound planting: Handou 13, Xudou 18, Nanxiadao 25 and Jidou 17.
Six, rape varieties
(a) backbone varieties (9)
Fengyou 737, Fengyou 730, Huayouza 62, zhongshuang 11, Huayouza 9, Sunshine 2009, Qinyou 10, Zheyou 50 and Qingza 5.
(2) Growing varieties (6)
Qingyou 3, Zhongyouza 19, Dadi 199, Huayouza 50, Ganyouza 8 and Qingza 12.
(3) Emergent varieties (6)
Zhongyouza 501, Changyou 777, Chuanyou 81, Qinyou 1618, Ningza 182 and Baoyou 150.
(4) Specially specialized varieties (5)
Sunshine 131 (short-growing rape), Fengyou 320 (short-growing rape), Huayouza 62R (clubroot-resistant rape), Huayou 2129 (high-oleic rape) and Kangyou 3 (yellow-seeded high-oleic rape).
Seven, peanut varieties
(a) backbone varieties (9)
Shanhua 9, Yuhua 37, Shanhua 7, Yuanza 9102, Huayu 23, Yuhua 23, Huayu 25, Wanhua 2 and Zhongkaihua 1.
(2) Growing varieties (4)
Yuhua No.22, Kainong No.71, Jihua No.19 and Fuyu are four red.
(3) Emergent varieties (5)
Hanghua 2, Yuhua 18, Tianfu 33, Yuhua 93 and Zhonghua 215.
(4) Specially specialized varieties (4)
Jihuatian No.1 (high sugar content fresh food), Shuhua No.9 (high sugar content fresh food), Jihua No.23 (extra-early-maturing variety) and Yuhua No.29 (black peanut variety).
Eight, cotton varieties
(a) backbone varieties (5)
Lumianyan 37, Xinluzhong 67, Xinluzhong 66, Huiyuan 720 and Hua Zamian H318.
(2) Growing varieties (3)
Tahe 2, Xinluzao 84 and Xinluzhong 87.
(3) Emergent varieties (2)
Zhong 7700 and Zhongshengmian 17.
(4) Specially specialized varieties (3)
Yuanmianxin 13305 (machine-harvested variety), Gangzamian 10 (special high-strength variety) and Zhongmian 425 (early-maturing variety).
Nine, potato varieties
(a) backbone varieties (4)
Feiwuruita, Jizhangshu No.12, Longshu No.7, Atlantic Ocean.
(2) Growing varieties (6)
Lishu 6, Zhongshu 5, Jinshu 16, Longshu 10, Xisen 6 and Yunshu 505.
(3) Emergent varieties (6)
Zhongshu 27, Zhongshuzao 35, Longshu 12, Minshu 1, Qianyu 8 and Hubei Potato 16.
(4) Specially specialized varieties (4)
Zhongshuzao 39 (fresh, starch-processed variety), Dongnong 310 (starch-processed variety), Kexin 30 (fresh, fried chips and fried strips) and Yunshu 304 (fried chips, fried strips and zinc-rich potato chips).
X. Varieties of Chinese Cabbage
(a) backbone varieties (9)
Improved Qingza No.3, Jiaoshu Qiuqiu Wang, Zaoshu No.5, Xixing 90, Jingqiu No.3, Niupai No.19, Hualiang 836, Xixing 78 and Jingyan Kuaicai No.2..
(2) Growing varieties (8)
Jingyan Fast Food, CR117, Xiaoyi Heqiu, Xinxiang Xiaobao 23, Qinghua 76, Hualiang 2000, Qiulv 60 and Youlv 3.
(3) Emergent varieties (2)
Sagitar 8, Jingqiu 1518.
(4) Specially specialized varieties (2)
Dongguan 097 (high taste quality variety) and Lvzhu70 (high taste quality variety).
Eleven, cabbage varieties
(a) backbone varieties (3)
Jingfeng 1, Zhonggan 11 and Zhonggan 21.
(2) Growing varieties (8)
Zhonggan 8398, Zhonggan 628, Zhonggan 56, Zhonggan 15, Chunfeng, Zhengchun, Xiyuan No.4 and Qiushi No.1..
(3) Emergent varieties (9)
YR zhonggan 21, zhonggan 1305, xinggan 23, bright ball, shuanghuan 60, prospect 2, full moon 55, xinggan 279 and chunfeng 007.
See the annex for the text.