If you talk about the Maritime Silk Road, you may imagine that big ships are full of silk and sold all over the world. In fact, when it comes to hard currency in marine trade, it is porcelain.

In 1557, the Portuguese established a trading port in Macau, which started the colonization of this area and opened a new chapter in the export of China porcelain. Before that, China’s export porcelain was mainly controlled by Arabs. With the arrival of Portuguese, Europeans occupied a dominant position in China’s porcelain trade for the first time. When the exquisite porcelain was transported to the European court, these treasures from the East quickly attracted the attention of European nobles. In English, these porcelains are called "china-ware". Since then, the meaning of this word has changed further, and porcelains produced anywhere are called "china".

Although Europeans quickly ignited the enthusiasm of imitating porcelain, they were deeply troubled by the mystery of porcelain. Because of the translucent characteristics of porcelain, Europeans tried to mix glass powder into clay at that time in order to make exquisite porcelain. As a matter of fact, as early as in The Travels of Marco Polo, there were descriptions of porcelain recipes, but they were all whimsical and could not be copied. In 1570s, the Medici family successfully copied it for the first time in Florence, but it was difficult to compare with Chinese porcelain in hardness and quality. Many people believe that Yin Hongxu, a Catholic missionary in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, sent her observations in Jingdezhen and samples of kaolin and porcelain clay to Europe, so that Europeans finally learned the secret of porcelain making in China. But before Yin Hongxu, Europe had actually guessed the secret of porcelain. This story happened in Dresden, then the Principality of Saxony, and there is a legendary story behind this legendary discovery.

Medici family made porcelain in 1575-1587. As can be seen from the picture, they mainly imitated the style of blue and white porcelain, but the quality was not good.

The arrested alchemist

Meissen, Germany, has an unparalleled position in the history of European porcelain production, because it is the first place to start the high-quality imitation of China porcelain, and makes Meissen become the iconic brand of European porcelain. However, this critical moment in the history of European porcelain originated from an absurd case.

In 1700, John Friedrich Friedrich BTTGER (February 4, 1682-March 13, 1719), an 18-year-old genius, was arrested in Vittenburg and taken to Dresden. Augustus the Strong "elector of Saxony, ordered his arrest. The young man said that he had not committed any crime and should not be treated illegally. However, Augustus is hiding something from him. I don’t know where this elector heard that this young man is a gifted alchemist who can refine gold from some scrap metal and soil. Rumors of alchemy have reverberated in Europe for thousands of years. Although no one has really succeeded, most people have no doubt about the real existence of this technology. Therefore, Augustus asked the boy to make gold for him in Dresden, otherwise, he would be imprisoned for life.

A bust of Botger

The rumors that Augustus heard were not groundless. During his stay in Berlin, Botger followed the famous chemist Zorn in experiments. Chemists at that time often had a belief that there was a mysterious substance (Alltinktur) in the world that could extract a magic medicine that could cure all diseases, or that ordinary metals could be turned into precious gold through a special reagent (so-called Goldmachertinktur). It is said that Zon mastered the secret, and this mysterious formula was stolen by young Botger. Frederik 1 of Prussia also hoped Boteger would make gold for him, but because of the leak, Boteger was able to escape from Berlin. Unexpectedly, he went out of the wolf’s den and into the jaws of death, and fell into the hands of Augustus.

Mathematicians’ feelings about porcelain

He was imprisoned in a secret cabin and forced to carry out hopeless chemical experiments. Augustus sent another chemist to supervise Botger’s work, and this person was Ehrenfried Walther von tschirnhaus (April 10, 1651-October 11, 1708).

Compared with Botger, Zienhaus is already a renowned physicist, mathematician, chemist and medical scientist. Zienhouse studied mathematics, philosophy and medicine at Leiden University in the Netherlands in his early years, and served in the Dutch army from 1672 to 1673. He has made a lot of friends in European academic circles, not only having a good talk with the philosopher Spinoza in Holland, but also going to England to discuss mathematical problems with Isaac Newton. When he was in Paris, he met Leibniz, who had a bad relationship with Newton, became his lifelong friend and kept a lot of letters. Therefore, we have reason to think that he is more willing to believe that calculus is Leibniz’s masterpiece.

Zienhaus portrait

In addition to mathematics and philosophy, Zenhouse has been trying to reveal the secrets of China porcelain, and has achieved some breakthrough results, but he can’t repeat his experiments on a stable basis. He suggested to Botger that they study the secret recipe of porcelain together. He told Boteger that it was more feasible to find out the formula of China porcelain than alchemy, and if it could produce exquisite porcelain, it would be enough to give Augustus an account. In the European market at that time, the value of exquisite porcelain was not inferior to that of gold and silver, and even comparable to that of platinum. Although Botger himself was depressed, Zienhaus’s suggestion was accepted by Augustus. So, under the surveillance of a group of guards, Botger went to Mason to engage in porcelain experiments. Even when Swedish troops invaded the Principality of Saxony in 1706, they were looking for Botger. In order to keep this "big baby", Augustus transferred him to a distant black forest and imprisoned him during the war.

Explore the secret recipe of porcelain

Just after the war ended in September, 1707, Augustus personally ordered Botger to cooperate with Zienhouse to try to imitate China porcelain with some chemists and craftsmen in the laboratory in a castle in Dresden. At that time, Yin Hongxu had not written "China Ceramics", and this letter about the secrets of Jingdezhen porcelain did not reach Europe until 1712. So the main method at that time was to conduct repeated experiments on massive raw materials. In January 1708, they found the first workable formula. In this formula, the key step is to use kaolin and alabaster from Schneeberg. Augustus was very satisfied with this result, and even placed an important position in the Privy Council for the laboratory commander-in-chief, Zienhaus, and asked him to lead a porcelain production factory in the future. Zienhouse modestly replied to the king that he hoped to wait until all the experiments were finished and a way of mass production was found before accepting the king’s reward and position.

Unfortunately, Zienhaus died on October 11th of that year, and the whole process of porcelain decryption was handed over to the young Botger. What is puzzling is that the production of porcelain has been at a standstill. On March 20th, 1709, Melchior Steinbrück, the manager of the Zienhouse family business, signed an asset certificate with Boteger, and eight days later, Boteger suddenly informed King Augustus that he had invented the formula for making good porcelain.

In the early summer of 1709, the Dresden factory began to produce porcelain on a large scale and sold it at the Easter market in Leipzig in 1710. At the same time, Augustus also built a royal porcelain factory in Myson, which was operated remotely by Botger in Dresden to supervise the production of porcelain. It is worth noting that the early porcelain of Meissen is red in color, which is more similar to the purple sand (then called B?ttgersteinzeug, which is still used in German to represent purple sand), and then it is glazed and fired again, and decorated with silver carvings in the baroque style that was popular at that time.

Mason porcelain made in 1708-1710. It can be clearly seen from the picture that there is still a big gap in quality between white porcelain and later white porcelain.

Beginning in 1713, Botger further improved the process, which enabled Meissen’s factory to produce white porcelain, and mastered the glaze process in the following years, which became popular in Europe. Botger is deeply proud of his creation, and even thinks that his porcelain is superior to Chinese porcelain. In any case, in the European market, Saxony porcelain has become a symbol of new fashion and status.

In 2010, Germany issued a commemorative stamp commemorating the 300th anniversary of German porcelain making. The portrait selected for the stamp was drawn by Paul Kie?ling in Albrechtsburg in 1880, in which Botger was the one who operated the experiment in front, while Zienhaus was sitting in the back with a wig.

Although Botger, who created great wealth for Saxony, was rewarded with a mansion, there were still guards at the door and he failed to regain his freedom. Because Dagong was worried that he would leak the secret recipe of porcelain making, which would affect Saxony’s leading position in the European porcelain making industry. In 1714, Botger, who had been imprisoned for nearly fifteen years, was finally set free. Although the archduke was furious at Botger’s failure to find the secret of alchemy, Meissen’s exquisite porcelain won him great wealth. Sadly, however, this talented chemist died in 1719. This may be because he worked in a porcelain kiln for a long time without protective measures, and his health was fatally endangered. Some people say that he died of a killer sent by Augustus and put deadly poison in the wine he drank. It is said that shortly before his death, Botger wrote a poem to describe the misery of his life and the greed of the king:

The king longed for the fruit of gold,

But these weak hands are hard to make.

Only the crystallization of porphyry and borax,

Presented in front of the king’s throne as a sacrifice.

Yes, because of inner greed, these hands reached out to the big ship full of porcelain.

Portuge Memorial Statue in Dresden

Disputes over the right of invention

However, this story did not end with the death of Botger. His right to discover the secrets of porcelain-making was questioned after his death. Many people in the industry believe that Botger stole Zienhaus’s discovery that his room was stolen three days after Zienhaus’s death. People believe that Botger is the thief and stole the secret recipe written by Zenhouse. Others believe that Botger got the recipe only when Steinbrook arrived in Dresden to deal with Zienhaus’ relics together. For Steinbrook, after taking charge of the Wangs porcelain factory, Botger appointed him as supervisor and married his sister to him.

In addition to these strange events, there are also some witnesses who publicly accuse Botger of stealing the achievements of Zenhaus. Samuel St?lzel, a porcelain craftsman who defected from Myson to Vienna at that time, proved in 1719 that Zienhouse first discovered the secret of porcelain, but it was not further revised and made public because of his sudden death. In the same year, Caspar Bussius, secretary general of Meissen’s Handicraft Guild, also made it clear that the invention of porcelain should be attributed not to Botger, but to Zienhouse, because the former got the formula from the latter.

In 1731, Peter Mohrenthal, president of the Meissen Chamber of Commerce, wrote: "The whole of Saxony will remember von Zienhouse. As long as Meissen’s porcelain factory is unique outside China, his reputation will last forever … because Mr. Zienhouse was the first lucky person to find the secret of porcelain, and the controversial Mr. Bergent only developed in details later … Feng.

It is worth mentioning that Mason’s porcelain-making tradition still exists today. At the end of 18th century, the German civil war continued, and once the factory with 700 employees was moved to Berlin. After World War II, Germany, as a defeated country, was forced to send a lot of equipment to the Soviet Union as compensation. Due to the division of Germany, Meissen’s porcelain factory became a joint venture between the Soviet Union and the Democratic Republic of Germany (East Germany), and became the main source of foreign exchange for East Germany after 1950.

Therefore, no matter who was the first person to discover the secret of porcelain in Europe, Europeans nearly 300 years ago got a glimpse of the mysterious fate of China porcelain, which made European porcelain-making technology enter a new stage. The discovery of this secret has also had an impact on China, especially on the decline of many export-oriented porcelain factories in Jingdezhen, which is another story.

The glazed porcelain made by Maisen in the 1720s is obviously influenced by China porcelain, among which the "nondescript" Chinese style of painting is similar to the "Jesuit porcelain" made in China.

Various local cuisines in China are folk cuisines with different characteristics in different regions, which are the main body of Chinese cuisine, relative to palace cuisines, government cuisines and temple cuisines. There are many local cuisines in China, including Beijing Cuisine, Shandong Cuisine, Sichuan Cuisine, Guangdong Cuisine, Huaiyang Cuisine, Zhejiang Cuisine, Fujian Cuisine, hubei cuisine Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine, Shanghai Cuisine and Tianjin Cuisine. Below, Xiaobian collected the characteristics of various local dishes in China, and gave you a detailed introduction.

First, Shandong cuisine

Shandong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, consists of Jinan, Jiaodong and Confucian cuisine.

Jinan cuisine pays special attention to soup making. There are strict regulations on the use and cooking of clear soup and milk soup. The dishes are famous for their freshness, crispness and tenderness.

Jiaodong cuisine originated in Fushan, Yantai and Qingdao, and is good at cooking seafood. Its taste is mainly fresh and tender, with emphasis on lightness and color.

Confucian cuisine is a concrete embodiment of "never tired of eating fine food, never tired of eating fine food", and its wide range of materials and rich banquet are comparable to those of imperial meals moved to imperial palaces in the past.

Shandong cuisine is very heavily seasoned, pure and mellow, with few complex synthetic flavors. It tries its best to reflect the original taste of raw materials. Another feature is that there are many kinds of pasta. Wheat, corn, sweet potato, soybean, sorghum and millet can all be made into pasta with different flavors, making it a famous feast.

Signature dishes: sweet and sour fish, sea cucumber with onion.

Sweet-and-sour fish

Ingredients: 1 carp, 1/2 carrot and 2 garlic moss.

Seasoning: 1/2 teaspoon of salt, 2 tablespoons of vinegar, 1 section of onion, 2 pieces of ginger, 2 cloves of garlic, 1 tablespoon of cooking wine, appropriate amount of starch, 1.5 teaspoons of tomato sauce, 4 tablespoons of vegetable oil, 3 teaspoons of sugar and appropriate amount of pepper.

Practice:

1. Remove scales, gills, viscera and wash the fish.

2. Use a knife to cut a knife diagonally in the direction of the fish head at intervals of about 3 cm.

3. Apply cooking wine, pepper and proper amount of salt evenly on the fish body and abdominal cavity, add shredded onion and ginger slices, and marinate for 20 minutes.

4. Dice the carrot and cut the garlic moss into 5 mm segments.

5. Add water to the starch to make a starch paste, rub it on the fish by hand, and also wipe the cut place (the starch paste should not be too thin, otherwise it will not hang).

6. Heat the oil in the pot. When it is 70% hot, hold the fish tail in one hand and pour the oil in the place of the cutting knife with the other hand until the fish is everted and shaped.

7. Put the fish in the pot and fry it on low heat until it is cooked (try not to turn over and prevent the fish from breaking. You can pour hot oil on the fish with a spoon. If you want the finished product to be placed with the abdomen down, put the abdomen down into the oil pan).

8. Raise the oil temperature, fry the fish in the pot again, fry the skin and put it in the plate.

9. Leave a little oil in the pot and stir-fry the diced vegetables.

10. Stir-fry the tomato sauce in the pot, pour in appropriate amount of boiling water, add sugar, vinegar and appropriate amount of salt.

11. After the sweet and sour juice is boiled, add a proper amount of water starch and burn it until it is thick. You can add some cooked oil to make the soup shiny.

12. Pour the sweet and sour juice evenly on the fish.

Second, Sichuan cuisine

Flavors include Chengdu, Chongqing, Leshan, Zigong and other local dishes.

The main feature is the variety of flavors and subtle changes. Pepper, pepper, pepper, bean paste and so on are the main condiments. With different proportions, various flavors such as spicy, hot and sour, pepper hemp, sesame paste, garlic paste, mustard, red oil, sweet and sour, fish flavor and strange taste are produced, all of which are thick and mellow, with the special flavor of "one dish in one box" and "all kinds of dishes are delicious".

Signature dishes: Fish-flavored shredded pork, kung pao chicken.

fried shredded pork with sweet and sour sauce

Ingredients: 400g pork, 10 fungus, 1 green pepper, 1 carrot, 1 chopped pepper, 2 Pixian bean paste, 1 rice vinegar, 1 soy sauce, half a spoon oyster sauce, 1 sugar, 1 water starch, minced garlic and shredded ginger.

Practice:

1. Shred pork, not too fine.

2. Carrots, green peppers and water-borne fungus are shredded for use.

3. Put the oil in the pot, add the minced garlic and stir-fry the ginger.

4. Mix the bowl of juice. Put 1 scoop of soy sauce, 1 scoop of rice vinegar, 1 scoop of white sugar, half scoop of oyster sauce, half scoop of soy sauce and 1 scoop of water starch in the bowl and mix well.

5. Add half a spoonful of chopped pepper and half a spoonful of Pixian bean paste to stir-fry red oil.

6. Add shredded carrots and shredded fungus in turn and stir well.

7. Pour in shredded chicken and stir fry until shredded chicken turns white.

8. Pour in shredded green pepper, stir-fry and pan out.

Third, Cantonese cuisine

Cantonese cuisine, namely Cantonese cuisine, developed from the special dishes in Guangzhou, Chaozhou and Dongjiang, is a late-starting cuisine, but it has a great influence. Most Chinese restaurants in Hong Kong, Macao and other countries in the world are mainly Cantonese cuisine.

Guangdong cuisine, which has its own unique flavor, absorbs the strengths of various cuisines and forms a variety of cooking forms. Guangzhou cuisine is clear but not light, fresh but not vulgar, with well-chosen materials and diverse varieties. It is also compatible with many western dishes and pays attention to the momentum and grade of the dishes.

Chaozhou belongs to Fujian in ancient times, so Chaozhou cuisine combines the flavor of Fujian and Guangdong, and is good at cooking marine dishes and sweets, with a mellow taste, among which soup dishes are the most distinctive.

Signature dishes: boiled metapenaeus ensis and boat porridge.

Bai Zhuo metapenaeus ensis

Ingredients: shrimp, ginger, onion, sugar, soy sauce, steamed fish and soy sauce, vinegar, salt, cooking wine, and a dozen Chinese prickly ash.

Practice:

1. Clean the shrimp, and remove the shrimp line and shrimp whiskers.

2. prepare for dipping. Chop the ginger and put it in a bowl. Then, add 1 tablespoon of white sugar, 1 tablespoon of soy sauce, 2 tablespoons of steamed fish soy sauce and 2 tablespoons of balsamic vinegar to make a bowl of juice for later use (ginger can enhance fragrance and dispel cold, so don’t omit it. There is no steamed fish soy sauce, so use soy sauce instead.

3. Pour a proper amount of water into the pot, then add 1 teaspoon of salt, 2 teaspoons of cooking wine, a few ginger slices, a few shallots and a dozen peppers.

4. After the fire boils the water, boil it for another 2 minutes.

5. Put the shrimp in the pot, boil it again and turn off the fire. Then, let the shrimp stand in the pot for 1 to 2 minutes.

6. Take out the shrimp and put it in clean water, and then change the water once or twice.

7. Dish the shrimp and dip and serve (finally, Jiang Mo in the dip can be filtered out to make it taste better).

Iv. Huaiyang cuisine

Huaiyang cuisine is a famous cuisine in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. It covers a wide area, including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Shanghai, as well as parts of Jiangxi and Henan. It has the reputation of "the best taste in the southeast" and "the most beautiful in the world", and its reputation is far spread at home and abroad.

Later, Zhejiang cuisine and Anhui cuisine became one of the eight major cuisines with their distinctive features, and Huaiyang cuisine merged in Jiangsu. At the same time, the cuisine in Jiangsu, which belongs to Huaiyang cuisine, was used to be called Jiangsu cuisine. In this way, Huaiyang cuisine became a local flavor dish with Yangzhou and Huai’ an as the center, the Grand Canal as the mainstay, Zhenjiang in the south, Hongze Lake and Huaihe River in the north and coastal areas in the east.

Signature dish: stewed lion head.

steamed minced pork balls

Ingredients: 300g pork leg, 10g mushroom, 50g water chestnut, 10g carrot, 1 egg, 15g starch, 5g sesame oil, 3g salt, 2g monosodium glutamate, 2g pepper, 15g cooking wine, 500ml chicken soup, and appropriate amount of onion and ginger.

Practice:

1. Chop mushrooms, water chestnuts and carrots for later use.

2. Shred the onion, slice the ginger and add boiling water for 10 minutes to make the onion Jiang Shui.

3. Chop the peeled pig hind leg meat into stuffing, add eggs, salt, monosodium glutamate, sesame oil, pepper and cooking wine, and stir evenly. Add onion and Jiang Shui several times and stir in one direction, then add starch and stir evenly, then add mushrooms, water chestnuts and chopped carrots and stir evenly.

4. Make the prepared meat stuffing into big balls.

5. Add chicken soup to the pot, add lion’s head, bring to a boil over high heat, and simmer for 1 hour.

6. Add rapeseed, add monosodium glutamate and salt, and season.

Five, Fujian cuisine

Fujian cuisine is a cuisine mainly formed by local flavor dishes in Fuzhou, southern Fujian and western Fujian. Fuzhou cuisine is fresh, refreshing, sweet and sour, especially paying attention to soup mixing. Another feature is that it is good at using brown sugar as ingredients, which has the functions of preventing deterioration, removing fishy smell, enhancing fragrance, improving taste and color matching.

Minnan cuisine, represented by Xiamen, also has the characteristics of freshness and lightness, and pays attention to the use of spices such as Chili sauce, mustard sauce and so on.

West Fujian is located at the junction of Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, with Hakka dishes as the main body, and many exotic products unique to mountainous areas as raw materials, which have a strong mountain flavor.

Signature dishes: Buddha jumping over the wall and seven-star fish balls.

Steamed Abalone with Shark’s Fin and Fish Maw in Broth

Ingredients: 500g of shark’s fin with water, 6 clean duck gizzards, 250g of sea cucumber with water, 12 pigeon eggs, 1 clean fat hen, 200g of mushroom with water, 250g of pork tendon with water, 95g of fat pork, 1 big pig’s belly, 500g of sheep’s elbow, 150g of clean ham tendon and ginger slices. 75g of rock sugar, 125g of bream belly, 75g of superior soy sauce, 1000g of abalone, 1000g of pork bone soup, 1000g of pig’s trotters, 1000g of cooked lard and 1 duck.

Practice:

1. Remove the sand from the shark’s fin, pick it up and arrange it on a bamboo grate (a bamboo steaming tool, round or square), put it in a boiling water pot, add 30 grams of onion, 15 grams of ginger and 100 grams of Shaoxing wine, cook for 10 minutes, take it out with a fishy smell, remove the onion, ginger and juice, take it out and put it in a bowl, and put pig fat on the shark’s fin.

2. Cut the fish lips into pieces with a length of 2 cm and a width of 4.5 cm, put them in a boiling water pot, add 30 grams of onion, 100 grams of Shaoxing wine and 15 grams of ginger slices, cook for 10 minutes to remove the fishy smell, and pick out the onions and ginger.

3. Put the abalone in a steamer, steam it with strong fire, take it out, wash each piece into two pieces, put a cross knife on it, put it in a small basin, add 250 grams of bone soup and 15 grams of Shaoxing wine, steam it in the steamer for 30 minutes, take it out, and drain the steamed juice. Cooked pigeon eggs, shelled.

4. Cut off the head, neck and feet of chickens and ducks respectively. The pig’s trotters are shelled, plucked and washed. Scrape and wash the sheep’s elbows. Cut 12 pieces of each of the above four ingredients, boil them in a boiling water pot together with the clean duck gizzard, remove the blood and pick them up. Wash the pork belly inside and out, blanch it in boiling water twice, remove the foul smell, cut it into 12 pieces, put it in the pot, add 250 grams of soup, boil it, and add 85 grams of Shaoxing wine to scoop it up, and the soup is not needed.

5. Wash Stichopus japonicus and cut each into two pieces. Wash the pork trotters’ tendons and cut them into 2-inch long sections. Add 150g of clean ham tenderloin with clear water, steam it on a steamer for 30min, remove the steamed juice, and cut it into pieces with a thickness of about 1cm. Boil the winter bamboo shoots in a boiling water pot and take them out. Cut each bamboo shoot into four pieces and pat it flat. Put the pot on a strong fire. When the cooked lard is put in the pot and burned to 70% heat, fry the pigeon eggs and winter bamboo shoots in the pot for about 2 minutes and pick them up. Then, put the fish in the pot, fry until the hands can be broken, pour it into a colander to drain the oil, then soak it in clear water and take it out, and cut it into pieces with a length of 4.5 cm and a width of 2.5 cm.

6. Leave 50 grams of residual oil in the pot. When the heat is 70%, stir-fry 35 grams of onion and 45 grams of ginger slices in the pot, add chicken, duck, sheep elbow, pig’s hoof tip, duck gizzard and pork belly for a few times, and add 75 grams of soy sauce, 10 grams of monosodium glutamate, 75 grams of crystal sugar, 2,150 grams of Shaoxing wine and 500 pieces of bone soup.

7. Wash a Shaoxing jar, add 500 grams of clean water, heat it on a low fire, empty the water in the jar, and put a small bamboo grate at the bottom of the jar. First, put the cooked chicken, duck, sheep, elbow, pig’s trotters, duck gizzard, pork belly pieces, flower mushrooms and bamboo shoots, and then add shark’s fin, ham slices and scallops. After loading, put the jar on a charcoal stove, simmer it for 2 hours, then open the lid, quickly put Stichopus japonicus, tendon, fish lips and high belly into the jar, immediately seal the jar mouth, simmer it for another hour, and take it out. When serving, pour the jar mouth cabbage into a big basin, open the gauze bag and put pigeon eggs on the top. At the same time, keep up with a dish of hemp fiber radish, a dish of ham mixed with bean sprouts, a dish of fried bean sprouts with mushrooms, a dish of spicy mustard, and silver coils and sesame seed cakes.

Six, Zhejiang cuisine

Zhejiang cuisine has a long history, and its flavor includes the characteristics of dishes in Hangzhou, Ningbo and Shaoxing.

Hangzhou cuisine attaches importance to the freshness, liveliness and tenderness of raw materials, mainly fish, shrimp and seasonal vegetables, and pays attention to knife work, with fresh taste and outstanding original flavor. Ningbo cuisine is salty and fresh, and it is good at cooking seafood. It pays attention to freshness, softness and smoothness, emphasizes the original flavor and emphasizes the taste.

Shaoxing cuisine is good at cooking seafood poultry. The dishes emphasize that the entrance is fragrant, crisp and waxy, and the soup is rich in flavor and rich in rural flavor.

Signature dishes: Longjing shrimp and West Lake vinegar fish.

Stir-fried Shrimps with Longjing Tea Leaves

Ingredients: Longjing tea, fresh shrimp, egg white, starch, salt, monosodium glutamate and cooking wine.

Practice:

1. Soak a small amount of Longjing tea in hot water, then filter out most of the tea, leaving the amount of tea and one or two teas for later use.

2. Clean up the fresh shrimps, gut them, and dry them with paper towels.

3. Put the shrimp in a bowl, add egg white, salt and monosodium glutamate, stir until it is sticky, and then add starch.

4. Heat the oil in the pot to 50%, add the shrimps, quickly break them up with chopsticks, and pour them out for later use.

5. Put the tea in the base oil, then pour in the shrimp, stir fry, add cooking wine, salt and monosodium glutamate, and stir fry a few times.

Seven, Hunan cuisine

Hunan cuisine includes the characteristics of dishes in Xiangjiang River Basin, Dongting Lake Area and Xiangxi Mountain Area.

Xiangjiang River Basin, centered on the Yangtze River, Hengyang and Xiangtan, is the main representative of Hunan cuisine. It is characterized by strong oil color, emphasis on benefits, attention to fresh fragrance, hot and sour, soft and tender, especially for stewed vegetables and preserved vegetables.

The dishes in Dongting Lake area are good at cooking fresh river, poultry and livestock. They are characterized by large quantity, thick oil, salty, spicy and soft, and are famous for stewing and cooking.

Xiangxi cuisine is good at making delicacies, smoked bacon, all kinds of cured meat and chicken. Its taste focuses on salty, sweet and sour, and it has a strong mountain flavor.

One of the biggest characteristics of Hunan cuisine is spicy and the other is wax.

Signature dishes: Huogong stinky tofu, Donganzi chicken.

huogongdian stinky tofu

Ingredients: stinky tofu, shrimp, minced cooked ham, edamame seeds, ginger slices, bright red peppers, broth and lard.

Practice:

1. Soak the shrimps in boiling water for a while, wash the edamame seeds, and then chop the shrimps and edamame seeds. Stems and seeds of bright red peppers are removed, washed and shredded.

2. Stir-fry the dried shrimps and edamame seeds with lard, and take them out.

3. Take a long steaming tray, put stinky tofu in the steaming tray, add stock, sprinkle with minced ham, steam for about 90 minutes in a cage, then take it out, spread dried shrimps and edamame seeds, sprinkle with shredded red pepper, and steam for 10 minutes.

Eight, Anhui cuisine

The flavor of Anhui cuisine includes the characteristics of dishes in southern Anhui, along the Yangtze River and along the Huaihe River.

Southern Anhui cuisine includes Huangshan Mountain, Shexian County (ancient Huizhou), Tunxi and other places. It pays attention to fire power, is good at cooking game, is heavy in quantity and oil, simple and affordable, and maintains its original flavor. Many dishes are stewed and simmered with charcoal. The soup is clear and mellow, and the original pot is full of fragrance. Although there are not many aquatic products in southern Anhui, the cooked and salted "osmanthus fish" is well known.

The dishes along the Yangtze River are represented by Wuhu and Anqing, and later spread to Hefei. It is good at cooking fresh river and livestock, paying attention to knife work, paying attention to color and shape, and making good use of sugar to flavor, especially smoked dishes.

The dishes along the Huaihe River are represented by Bengbu, Suxian and Fuyang. The dishes are salty and spicy, the soup is thick and heavy, and coriander is also used to color matching and seasoning.

Signature dishes: Wuwei smoked duck, cloud meat.

Wuwei smoked duck

Ingredients: two ducks, 100g onion slices, 100g ginger slices and 25g fennel.

Practice:

1. Clean the duck, wipe the duck thoroughly with salt, marinate it in the tank for 4 hours, and turn it once in the middle.

2. scald the duck in boiling water until the skin is tight, hang it at the tuyere and wipe off the leather coat.

3. Put four thin iron bars in the smoking pot, put the duck back down, smoke for 5 minutes, then turn over and smoke for 5 minutes.

4. Add spices, soy sauce, onion and ginger into the cauldron, bring to a boil, add the duck and stew for 45 minutes, then take it out, chop the duck into pieces and serve.

Source: China Youth Network, China Food Network, China News Network, Nanbao Network, Yangzi Evening News, Fuzhou News Network, China Weather Network, and News Evening News.

Since entering the volt last week.

The power of summer heat is beginning to show signs

as the proverb goes

Practice three nine days in winter and three days in summer.

The harder the external conditions are.

The more you should show the quality of overcoming difficulties.

Work hard, come on!

Look at this broadcast. Jun brought it.

What are the good jobs and jobs?

Let’s fight together!

Heping district education system

Hebei district education system

Xiqing district ecological environment bureau

Ninghe district Federation of trade unions

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Heping district education system

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In order to further strengthen the construction of high-level education talents in Heping District, it is planned to openly recruit 17 outstanding high-level education talents for Heping District Teacher Training School (Teaching and Research Section) and twenty middle school, Tianjin. The specific implementation plan is as follows:

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First, the recruitment target and conditions

(1) Recruitment target

Social personnel who meet the requirements of post conditions

(2) Recruitment conditions

1. Basic conditions

(1) Support the Constitution of People’s Republic of China (PRC), abide by all laws and regulations, and have good conduct;

(2) Love education, be dedicated to their posts, abide by professional ethics, and have pioneering spirit, dedication and team spirit;

(3) Applicants should have a bachelor’s degree or above in the corresponding discipline (or related disciplines) and a corresponding degree, and the age should be 45 years old and below (especially excellent can be appropriately relaxed);

(4) Having the physical conditions to perform their duties normally;

(5) Having the major and working ability required by each post;

(6) Having a teacher qualification certificate corresponding to the position to apply for;

(7) Teachers’ qualification certificate, graduation certificate, degree certificate and other certificates required for applying for the post must be obtained before applying for the exam. When submitting the graduation certificate and degree certificate, the education department’s academic certification report must be issued;

(8) Conforming to the relevant provisions on avoidance;

(9) Other conditions required by each post.

2. Specific conditions

(1) Having the title of senior teacher in primary and secondary schools (among which one of the national model teachers, national excellent teachers, special-grade teachers and full-time senior teachers is preferred);

(2) Have more than 10 years of first-line teaching experience in corresponding disciplines;

(3) Have won the honorary title of prefecture-level city and above;

(4) Have won the second prize and above in the provincial teaching skill competition;

(5) Have won the first prize of educational and teaching achievements in prefecture-level cities and above;

(6) independently presiding over and completing educational, teaching and scientific research projects in prefecture-level cities and above, and the results have certain influence;

(7) More than 3 academic papers on education and teaching have been published in provincial and ministerial publications.

Note: The above items (1)-(2) must be met, and (3)-(7) must meet at least three of them.

3. Those who have one of the following circumstances may not apply for the exam:

(1) Having received criminal punishment for a crime;

(2) Having been expelled from public office;

(3) active servicemen;

(4) Being found to have cheated in the recruitment of civil servants and the open recruitment of public institutions, and being banned from taking the exam;

(5) There are other circumstances in which laws and regulations stipulate that it is not allowed to participate in the open recruitment of public institutions.

Second, the recruitment procedures and methods

In this recruitment, the District Education Bureau set up a leading group for open recruitment of high-level outstanding educational talents to organize and implement recruitment-related work in a unified manner. There is an office under the leading group, which is located in the Personnel Section of the District Education Bureau.

(1) Release information

From July 15th to July 22nd, 2019, it was published on Tianjin Talent Service Center Network (www.tjtalents.com.cn/) and Peace Government Network (http://www.tjhp.gov.cn/).

(2) Registration and qualification examination

This recruitment registration is conducted by combining online registration with on-site registration.

1. Registration time: from 8:30 on July 20, 2019 to 17:00 on July 26, 2019 (on-site registration time is from 8: 30 am to 11: 30 am and from 14: 00 pm to 17: 00 pm).

2. Online Registration: Applicants download the Application Form for Open Recruitment of High-level Excellent Education Talents in Heping District, fill it out as required, and send it to rsk6256@126.com mailbox within the specified time.

Download address of registration form:

http://d.shiyebian.net/shiyebian/d/2019/20190715/ %E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%80%E6%8B%9B%E8%81%98%E5%BC%95%E8%BF%9B%E9%AB%98%E5%B1%82%E6%AC%A1%E4%BC%98%E7%A7% 80%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E4%BA%BA%E6%89%8D%E6%8A%A5%E5%90%8D%E8%A1%A8x.doc

3. On-site registration: Applicants who pass the examination will be informed to bring the required materials to the Personnel Section of Heping District Education Bureau for registration. Address: Room 2110, No.257 Nanmenwai Street, Heping District, Tianjin. The specific time is subject to the telephone notification. Please make sure that the telephone number left for registration is accurate and smooth.

4. Materials required for on-site registration:

(1) Application Form for Open Recruitment of High-level Education Talents in Heping District.

(2) The original and photocopy of the ID card and the original and photocopy of the household registration book (home page and personal page).

(3) The original and photocopy of the teacher qualification certificate.

(4) Original and photocopy of graduation certificate and degree certificate.

(5) Original and photocopy of other documents specified in the recruitment conditions.

(6) engaged in education and teaching work summary (within 2000 words) and relevant supporting materials such as education and teaching performance.

(7) Two recent bareheaded two-inch photos.

The recruitment unit shall examine the qualifications of the applicants, and the results of the qualification examination shall be answered within 48 hours after the applicants register. Those who fail to pass the qualification examination should be clearly informed of the reasons for not agreeing to apply for the examination.

(3) Assessment

This recruitment is conducted by means of assessment. Set up an assessment team composed of relevant experts to assess the candidates. The main contents and methods of assessment:

1. Consult the relevant documents of the applicants, the summary of their education and teaching work, the achievements in education and teaching, and other relevant supporting materials to understand their basic situation.

2. The assessment team takes the form of defense to examine the professional ability of the candidates.

3. The assessment team determines the assessment results according to the assessment of each candidate, and arranges them from high to low. With the consent of the Heping District Education Bureau, the list of medical examiners is determined according to the ratio of 1:1.

The time and place of assessment will be notified separately.

The examination results and the list of those who entered the medical examination were published on Tianjin Talent Service Center Network (www.tjtalents.com.cn).

Third, physical examination and investigation

Physical examination is organized by Heping District Education Bureau. Physical examination personnel shall go to the designated hospital for physical examination within the specified time. The items and standards of physical examination shall be implemented with reference to the unified national standards and procedures for the physical examination of civil servants before the introduction of the physical examination standards for open recruits in public institutions. Applicants who fail to attend the physical examination at the prescribed time and place due to non-organizational reasons are deemed to have given up automatically.

Investigate those who pass the physical examination. The inspection was organized and implemented by Heping District Education Bureau and inspection materials were issued.

Fourth, publicity

Heping District Education Bureau determines the list of persons to be hired according to the assessment, physical examination and inspection, and after being audited by the District Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, it will be publicized on the Tianjin Talent Service Center Network for 7 working days.

After the expiration of the publicity period, if there are no problems or problems that do not affect the employment, the employment procedures shall be handled according to the prescribed procedures; To reflect the problems that affect the employment and find evidence, cancel the employment qualification. If it is difficult to verify the problems reflected at the moment, the relevant formalities will be suspended, and then whether to hire or not will be decided after being found out.

After going through the employment formalities, Heping District Education Bureau fills in the Record List of Employees Employed by Institutions in Tianjin and reports it to Heping District Human Resources and Social Security Bureau for review, and reports it to the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau for record. At the same time, Heping District Education Bureau is responsible for organizing the verification of academic qualifications, degree certificates and other documents required by the post. Those who provide false documents shall not be employed or the employment contract shall be terminated, and shall be dealt with according to relevant regulations. The verification fee shall be borne by the person to be hired.

V. Welfare benefits

This recruitment is included in the staffing management of public institutions. The salary, welfare and treatment of the employed personnel shall be implemented in accordance with the equivalent personnel standards stipulated by the state, city and district. At the same time enjoy the following benefits:

(1) According to Tianjin’s policies on the introduction of talents, public security, human resources and social security departments have solved the household registration and personnel relations of imported talents, and solved the problem of their spouses and minor children entering and settling in Tianjin according to regulations.

(two) the children of imported talents enjoy the same policy as residents in this area in terms of enrollment.

(three) the introduction of talent in Tianjin without my own housing, can enjoy the Heping District talent apartment rent-free for 3 years.

(four) in line with the conditions of outstanding talents in Heping District education system can be included in the management of outstanding talents, give priority to the selection of outstanding talents in Heping District education system, and be inclined.

If the relevant procedures such as employment cannot be handled due to personal reasons, the consequences will be borne by the proposed employee himself.

VI. Management and Assessment

Imported talents sign employment contracts with employers, stipulate the rights and obligations of both parties, and establish and improve the incentive mechanism combining job responsibilities, work objectives, training, assessment, use and treatment.

VII. Discipline and Supervision

The recruitment work was supervised by the discipline inspection department of Heping District Education Bureau. In the recruitment process, the avoidance system shall be strictly implemented, and the confidentiality discipline shall be strictly observed. The custody of test questions shall be managed according to the relevant confidentiality regulations, and the person in charge shall not disclose the composition of the examiner. In the process of the open recruitment examination of public institutions, applicants who violate disciplines and regulations will be dealt with according to the Provisions on Handling Disciplinary Violations in Open Recruitment of Public Institutions (Order No.35 of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People’s Republic of China) and other relevant laws and regulations, and will be included in my credit file.

Recruitment consultation telephone: Heping District Education Bureau 022-27126256

Consultation time: 8: 30am-11: 30am and 2: 00pm-5: 00pm on weekdays.

Recruitment supervision telephone: District Human Resources and Social Security Bureau 022-27267680

The Office of the Leading Group for Open Recruitment of High-level Educational Talents of the District Education Bureau shall be responsible for the interpretation of matters related to recruitment.

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Hebei district education system

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In order to meet the needs of education and teaching in Hebei education system, the institutions affiliated to Hebei Education Bureau openly recruit 50 staff for fresh graduates and social workers from full-time colleges and universities who meet the post requirements and have Tianjin household registration. The specific implementation plan is as follows:

Click to view a larger image.

First, the recruitment target and recruitment conditions

(1) Recruitment target

Full-time college graduates and social workers who meet the job requirements and have Tianjin household registration.

The deadline for calculating the registration age is the first day of registration, that is, July 24, 2019.

(2) Applicants shall meet the following conditions

1. Abide by the Constitution and laws; Have good conduct;

2. The applicant has a bachelor’s degree and a bachelor’s degree, and should be under the age of 25 (born after July 24, 1993); With a master’s degree and a master’s degree, the age should be under 30 (born after July 24, 1988); With doctoral degree and doctoral degree, the age should be under 35 years old (born after July 24, 1983);

3. Have the specialty or skill required by the post;

4. Physical conditions that meet the requirements of the post;

5. Comply with the relevant provisions of avoidance.

(three) any of the following circumstances, shall not apply for.

1. Persons who have been criminally punished for crimes or have been expelled from public office;

2. Persons who are being put on file for review;

3. Persons who have not been dismissed from party discipline and political discipline;

4. Non-fresh graduates who are studying;

5. Servicemen;

6. Persons who are not allowed to apply for other circumstances as stipulated by law.

Second, the recruitment information release

According to the approved recruitment plan, the recruitment announcement will be formulated in a unified manner. Applicants will inquire on the following websites from 9:00 on July 15, 2019 to July 23:

Northern Talent Network: http://www.tjrc.com.cn

Tianjin Talent Service Center Website: http://www.tjtalents.com.cn

Three, registration and payment methods, time and related matters

Examination registration and payment are conducted on the registration website.

Registration time: 9:00 on July 24, 2019 to 17:00 on July 28, 2019.

Written examination payment time: from 9:00 on July 24th to 17:00 on July 29th, 2019.

Time to change the newspaper: July 31, 2019 from 9:00 to 16:00.

The ratio of the number of recruitment positions to the actual number of applicants should not be less than 1:3 in principle. If this ratio is not reached, the number of recruits for this position should be reduced or the recruitment for this position should be cancelled.

Four, examination and qualification review

The exam includes a written test and an interview.

(1) Written examination

Candidates who apply for teacher positions, the written test subject "Comprehensive Education Knowledge", the test questions are unified by the municipal professional examination institutions. The written test is conducted in the form of closed book, with a full score of 100.

Download time of written test admission ticket: from 9:00 on August 7 to 18:00 on August 9, 2019.

Written test time: August 10, 2019, 9:00-11:00 am, comprehensive education knowledge.

On August 16, 2019, applicants can go to Hebei Education Bureau to check the publicity or log on to the registration website to check the written test results and related information. After the written test, according to the written test scores from high to low, according to the ratio of the number of recruitment plans for each position to the number of interviewees of 1:3, the list of candidates for each position to enter the interview is determined. When the number of people who enter the interview for the recruitment position is less than 1:3, the interview shall be conducted according to the actual number of people who enter the interview for the position.

(two) the time, place and method of qualification review.

Applicants who have passed the written test must hold relevant materials before the interview and conduct a qualification review in Hebei Education Bureau (No.205 Zhongshan Road, Hebei District) on August 18, 2019 (8: 30 am-11: 30 am and 2: 00 pm-5: 00 pm). Those who fail to pass the qualification review, voluntarily give up the qualification review or fail to participate in the qualification review at the specified time and place, and those who practice fraud and provide untrue materials during the qualification review will be disqualified from the interview. Due to the above reasons, the job vacancies can be filled by the recruiting unit according to the actual needs, according to the written test scores from high to low. The materials required for qualification review are as follows:

(1) A registration form;

(2) One original and one copy of the ID card;

(3) One original and one copy of the household registration book;

(4) One original and one copy of academic certificate and degree certificate (graduates in 2019 are required to provide one original and one copy of employment recommendation form (stamped with the official seal of the department));

(5) A certificate issued by the current work unit (with official seal) or an archive certificate issued by the archive department;

(6) One original and one copy of the teacher qualification certificate (the 2019 and 2018 graduates have not obtained the teacher qualification certificate at the time of verification, so it is unnecessary to provide it. However, it is necessary to sign a letter of commitment to provide the original and photocopy of the teacher qualification certificate when handling the employment procedures, otherwise the employment qualification will be cancelled);

(7) One original and one copy of the English, computer and other relevant certificates required for applying for the post;

(8) Xuexin. com (Ministry of Education) inquires about China’s higher education qualifications, and downloads and prints a copy of the Record Form for Electronic Registration of Education Certificates of the Ministry of Education and a copy of the degree inquiry results of the degree website.

Holders of diplomas from universities in Hongkong, Macau, Taiwan Province and foreign countries must have the education certification of the education department and the certification materials from Chinese embassies and consulates abroad.

(3) Interview

Teachers’ job interviews take the form of structured interviews and trial lectures to examine the professional knowledge level and professional quality of candidates (including blackboard writing).

The interview score is 100 points, and the passing line is 60 points. Those who fail to reach the passing line will not be hired.

The examination questions are unified by the municipal professional examination institutions.

Interview time: subject to the interview admission ticket.

If the interviewer fails to participate in the qualification review at the specified time and place and fails to participate in the interview in accordance with the regulations, it will be deemed as an automatic waiver of the interview qualification.

Candidates should take the test according to the time and place determined on the written test and interview admission ticket. When taking the exam, you must bring your admission ticket and ID card (the second generation) at the same time. Applicants who lack either certificate are not allowed to take the exam.

Three days after the interview, candidates who participated in the interview can go to Hebei Education Bureau to check the publicity or log on to the registration website to check the total score and medical examination notice.

The calculation method of the total score of the exam is as follows: total score = written test ×40%+ interview ×60%.

If the total score is tied, the person with the highest written test score will be the final candidate for physical examination and inspection.

In the process of written examination and interview, if the applicant lacks any subject examination, it will be regarded as automatically giving up the qualification to enter the next link.

V. Physical examination and investigation

(1) Physical examination

After the interview, the list of medical examinees will be determined according to the total test scores from high to low, and the ratio of the number of recruits in each position to the number of people entering the medical examination is 1:1.

The items and standards of physical examination shall be implemented with reference to the standards and procedures for the physical examination of civil servants before the introduction of the physical examination standards for public recruiters in public institutions.

Applicants who fail to participate in physical examination, re-examination or appraisal at the specified time and place due to non-organizational reasons are deemed to have given up automatically. If the applicants fail to pass the physical examination or voluntarily give up the physical examination, the recruiting unit may, according to the needs of the work and after approval, make up the applicants from the position according to the total score from high to low.

(2) Investigation

The inspection shall be organized and implemented by the recruiting unit or its superior competent department. The contents of the investigation include the candidates’ ideological and political performance, moral quality, professional ability and work performance, and the qualifications of the candidates are reviewed. If it is not suitable to be employed as a staff member of a public institution after investigation, it will not be employed.

Sixth, publicity

The personnel to be hired will be publicized in the Northern Talent Network and the Hebei District People’s Government Network. The publicity content includes the name of the recruiting unit, the recruitment position, the name of the person to be hired, gender, registration number, graduation institution or work unit, and the publicity period is 7 working days.

VII. Discipline and Supervision

(1) In 2019, the open recruitment of the education system in Hebei District of Tianjin actively accepted the supervision of the society and superiors to ensure the openness, fairness and impartiality of the recruitment work.

(B) Hebei district education system to openly recruit staff to implement the avoidance system. When handling recruitment matters, the leaders of the recruitment unit and the personnel in charge of recruitment involve husband and wife relationship, lineal blood relationship, collateral blood relationship within three generations, close in-laws relationship or other circumstances that may affect the fairness of recruitment, and they shall withdraw.

(three) to provide false materials, cheating in the exam and other candidates who violate the open recruitment discipline, depending on the seriousness of the case, cancel the exam or apply for qualification; The employed personnel who violate the recruitment regulations shall, once verified, terminate the employment contract and be retired.

(four) telephone consultation and supervision

Recruitment consultation telephone: 022-26288256

Network consultation telephone: 022-28013603

Supervision Tel: 022-26217738

Consultation time: 8:30-11:3014:00-17:00 on weekdays.

This open recruitment examination for public institutions does not specify counseling books, nor does it hold or entrust any institution to hold counseling training courses. The remedial classes, counseling websites, publications and Internet cards held in any name in the society have nothing to do with this exam. Please be vigilant.

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Xiqing district ecological environment bureau

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In order to meet the employment needs of Tianjin Xiqing District Motor Vehicle Emission Inspection and Control Station, a public institution affiliated to Tianjin Xiqing District Ecological Environment Bureau, we are now openly recruiting 6 staff members from public institutions. The specific implementation plan is as follows:

Click to view a larger image.

I. Recruitment target, number and conditions of posts

(1) Recruitment target

Full-time graduates of ordinary colleges and universities who meet the job requirements (diploma and degree certificate must be obtained before the end of July 2019) and social personnel.

(2) Number of recruitment positions

There are 6 specialized technical posts in public institutions.

(3) Recruitment conditions

1. Applicants shall meet the following conditions:

(1) having People’s Republic of China (PRC) nationality;

(2) Tianjin hukou (excluding school collective hukou);

(3) Over 18 years old and under 30 years old (born between July 29, 1988 and July 29, 2001);

(4) Abide by the Constitution and laws and have good conduct;

(5) Having the required major or skill for the post, the major of the applicants shall be subject to the major marked in their graduation certificate (refer to the Catalogue of Undergraduate Majors in Colleges and Universities issued by the Ministry of Education (2012) and the Catalogue of Discipline and Specialty for Postgraduates Awarded Doctoral and Master’s Degrees (promulgated in 1997)), and the returned students shall be subject to the certification materials issued by the Study Abroad Service Center of the Ministry of Education;

(6) Have a nationally recognized bachelor’s degree or above, bachelor’s degree or above (diploma and degree certificate must be obtained before July 29, 2019);

(7) Being in good health and having physical conditions that meet the requirements of the post;

(8) Conforming to the relevant provisions on avoidance;

(9) Meet other requirements stipulated in the recruitment position.

2. Anyone who has one of the following circumstances shall not apply for the exam:

(1) Persons who have received reeducation through labor or criminal punishment or have been expelled from public office;

(2) the person who is accepting the case review;

(3) Persons who have been punished within the Party or above by administrative warning and who have not been dismissed from the disciplinary action of Party discipline and political discipline;

(4) Non-fresh graduates and active servicemen who are studying;

(5) Persons who have been found to have cheated in the recruitment of civil servants and the open recruitment of public institutions, and are prohibited from taking the exam;

(6) Persons in other circumstances who are prohibited by law from applying for the exam.

Second, the recruitment position query

For details of the number of recruits, positions and qualifications, please refer to the Schedule of Open Recruitment of Staff in Public Institutions of Tianjin Xiqing District Ecological Environment Bureau in 2019. Applicants can inquire through Xiqing Talent Network (www.xqrc.com.cn), Northern Human Resources Network (www.tj-nhr.cn) and Northern Human Micro-recruitment WeChat WeChat official account (bfrlzp) from July 15th, 2019.

Third, registration

The registration and payment of this exam are online. The website of registration and payment is: Northern Human Resources Network (www.tj-nhr.cn).

Registration time: from 9:00 on July 29th to 16:00 on August 2nd, 2019.

Payment time: from 9:00 on July 29th to 16:00 on August 4th, 2019.

Candidates are required to fill in the information and upload relevant materials according to the requirements of the registration system. Candidates can log in to the registration system to check the qualification examination results within 48 hours after submitting the registration application. Candidates who pass the qualification examination must pay the fee within the specified time. Candidates who fail to confirm the payment within the specified time will be regarded as automatically giving up their registration qualification and may not participate in the next link.

Candidates must fill in the form truthfully according to the published conditions when registering. If the applicants submit false information and materials that do not meet the requirements of the application conditions, the recruiting unit may cancel the candidates’ examination and employment qualifications, and bear all the consequences arising therefrom. Candidates can’t get a refund after successful registration. Please register carefully. In principle, the ratio between the number of recruitment plans and the actual number of applicants (those who have passed the qualification examination and paid fees) is not less than 1:3. If this ratio is not met, the number of recruitment plans for this position will be reduced or cancelled in proportion.

The written examination registration fee is 45 yuan per person/subject. According to the relevant policies of the state and our city, applicants from urban families and rural poor families who enjoy the national minimum living allowance shall be provided with relevant materials (candidates from urban families who enjoy the national minimum living allowance, their ID cards, certificates, low guarantees (photocopies) and household registration books issued by the district and county civil affairs departments where their families are located, Applicants from rural poverty-stricken families will go to the 3rd floor of Building 1, No.103, Bawei Road, Hedong District, Tianjin from July 29th to August 2nd, 2019 (9:00-11:30 am and 14:30-17:00 pm) with their ID cards, poverty-stricken certificates issued by the county poverty alleviation offices (departments) where their families are located.

Fourth, the content and form of the examination

The exam includes a written test and an interview.

(1) Written examination

The written test is divided into "Professional Ability Test" and "Comprehensive Knowledge", which are closed-book, with full marks of 100. The vocational ability test is an objective test with a time limit of 120 minutes; Comprehensive knowledge (text synthesis, finance, computer) is the main objective test questions, and the examination time limit is 150 minutes; After the written test, the written test scores will be calculated according to the proportion of "Professional Ability Test" accounting for 50% and "Comprehensive Knowledge" accounting for 50%. The written test scores will be out of 100, with one decimal place reserved.

The written test time is August 10, 2019. For details, please refer to the written test admission ticket. The written admission ticket can be printed on the registration website after 9:00 on August 7, 2019.

Applicants should take the written test at the time and place determined by the admission ticket. Candidates who are absent from any subject will be regarded as absent from the written test, and the written test score will be calculated according to zero, and they will not be allowed to enter the follow-up interview. When taking the written test, you must bring your admission ticket and ID card, and those who lack any documents are not allowed to take the written test.

At 9:00 on August 16, 2019, applicants can log on to the registration website to check the written test results and related information.

(2) Interview

After the written test, the written test scores are sorted from high to low, and according to the ratio of the number of job recruitment plans to the number of interviewers of 1:3, the interviewers are determined to enter, and those with the same written test ranking will enter together; When the number of people entering the interview is less than 1:3, the interview shall be conducted according to the actual number of people entering the interview. Interviewers are required to bring the original and photocopy of the registration form, ID card, household registration book, diploma, degree certificate and other relevant information required by the post downloaded and printed on the registration website to the designated place for qualification review (the specific time, place and requirements will be notified separately). Those who fail the qualification review will be disqualified from the interview. Those who fail to participate in the qualification review according to the specified time and place shall be deemed to have given up the interview qualification automatically. If the recruitment position fails to meet the requirements of the interview ratio due to the applicants voluntarily giving up the interview qualification, unqualified qualification review or other reasons, the candidates from the same position shall be sorted from high to low according to the written test scores and supplemented in turn. Candidates who have passed the qualification review should log in to the registration system at the specified time to print the interview admission ticket.

Printing time of interview admission ticket: Open the printing function of interview admission ticket from 9:00 on August 28, 2019.

Interview time: August 31, 2019. For the specific time and place, please refer to the relevant information of the interview admission ticket. When participating in the interview, you must bring the interview admission ticket and ID card at the same time. Applicants who lack any documents are not allowed to participate in the interview.

The interview adopts structured interview method, with a perfect score of 100 points, a qualified line of 60 points, and one decimal place reserved for the results. Those who fail to meet the qualification line in the interview are not qualified for admission. After the interview test results are determined, the interview test results will be announced on the spot.

(3) Determination of comprehensive scores

The calculation method of comprehensive test scores is: written test scores and interview scores account for 50% respectively.

Comprehensive score = written test score ×50% interview score ×50%, with 2 decimal places reserved. Candidates can log in to the registration system on September 4, 2019 to check the comprehensive score, ranking and medical examination.

V. Physical examination

The qualified interviewees are ranked according to their comprehensive scores from high to low, and the list of people participating in the medical examination is determined according to the ratio of the number of job recruitment plans to the number of people entering the medical examination of 1:1. If the comprehensive scores of applicants are tied, resulting in the number of people entering the medical examination exceeding the number of job admission plans, the medical examination personnel will be determined according to the interview results from high to low. If there is still a tie, it will be determined as a medical examiner together.

Physical examination refers to the General Standard for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (for Trial Implementation) (No.1 [2005] issued by the Ministry of People’s Republic of China) and the Manual for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (for Trial Implementation) (No.19 [2010] issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security) and goes to the designated hospital for physical examination.

Applicants who fail to participate in physical examination, re-examination or appraisal at the specified time and place due to reasons other than the recruiting unit shall be deemed to have given up automatically. Job vacancies due to unqualified candidates’ physical examination or voluntary abandonment of physical examination shall be filled from qualified candidates in the original job interview according to the comprehensive scores of written examination and interview from high to low. When the comprehensive scores of the replacement personnel are tied, the replacement personnel shall be determined according to the principle of giving priority to interview results.

VI. Investigation

The inspection shall be organized and implemented by the recruiting unit and its competent department. The investigation should be comprehensive, objective and fair. The contents of the investigation include the political thought, moral quality, ability and quality, work attitude, law-abiding, study and work performance, honesty and self-discipline, and whether it is necessary to avoid it. At the same time, the qualifications of the investigated object are reviewed and the investigation materials are truthfully written. If it is not suitable to be employed as a staff member of a public institution after investigation, it will not be employed.

VII. Publicity

According to the physical examination and investigation, the recruiting unit and its competent department determine the list of persons to be hired, and publicize the persons to be hired on the Northern Human Resources Network (www.tj-nhr.cn) and the Northern Human Micro-recruitment WeChat WeChat official account (bfrlzp), including the name, gender, registration serial number, ID number, graduation institution or work unit of the persons to be hired. At the same time, the supervision and reporting telephone number will be announced and accepted by the society. The publicity period is 7 working days. After publicity, it will not be replenished.

VIII. Filing and Employment

After the expiration of the publicity period, if there are no problems or problems that do not affect the employment, the recruiting unit will report the list of persons to be employed to the Xiqing District Human Resources and Social Security Bureau in accordance with the relevant regulations, and after being filed by the Tianjin Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, go through the employment procedures and sign the Employment Contract (including the probation period); To reflect the problems that affect the employment and find evidence, cancel the employment qualification; If it is difficult to verify the problems reflected at the moment, the employment procedures will be suspended, and then whether to hire or not will be decided after the investigation.

IX. Discipline and Supervision

In this recruitment work, the spirit of "Implementation Measures for Open Recruitment of Public Institutions in Tianjin (Trial)" (No.10 [2011] issued by Tianjin Human Resources and Social Security Bureau) and "Notice of Municipal Party Committee Organization Department on Further Improving Open Recruitment of Public Institutions" (No.37 [2017] issued by Tianjin Human Resources and Social Security Bureau) were strictly implemented, and we consciously accepted the supervision of the society and the masses. Personnel engaged in recruitment work who need avoidance relationship with the applicants should avoid official duties. Relevant personnel who violate recruitment discipline and regulations shall be dealt with according to relevant regulations.

Applicants should establish the concept of honor in honesty examination and shame in violation of discipline and fraud. In the process of open recruitment, applicants who violate discipline and discipline shall be dealt with in accordance with the Provisions on Handling Violations of Discipline and Discipline in Open Recruitment of Institutions (Order No.35 of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security) and recorded in my integrity file.

This open recruitment examination does not specify counseling books, nor does it hold or entrust any institution to hold counseling training courses. The remedial classes, counseling websites, publications and Internet cards held in any name in the society have nothing to do with this exam. Please be vigilant.

Technical consultation: 022-23140080

Supervision Tel: 022-27931279

Registration consultation: 022-27399712

Telephone acceptance time: 8:30-11:30 on working days; 14:30-17:30

◆◆

Ninghe district Federation of trade unions

◆◆

In order to supplement the vacancy of socialized trade union workers in township trade unions, Ninghe District Federation of Trade Unions plans to openly recruit 6 socialized trade union workers (contract workers) for the society. The specific positions and requirements are as follows:

Click to view a larger image.

First, the recruitment principle

According to the relevant requirements of the Interim Provisions of Tianjin Municipality on the Employment Management of Socialized Trade Union Workers, open recruitment is conducted for the society, and the best is selected to ensure the quality. The employment work adopts the method of combining public examination with strict assessment, and selects the best one.

Second, the basic conditions

(a) good political quality, love trade union work, have a strong sense of politics, responsibility and service.

(two) have a certain level of policy theory, strong organizational and coordination skills, language skills, writing skills and computer skills.

(3) Having a full-time bachelor’s degree or above, and registered in this district;

(four) good character, good health, not more than 30 years of age (born after July 15, 1989).

(five) any of the following circumstances, shall not apply:

1. Persons who have been criminally punished for crimes or have been expelled from public office;

2. Persons who are being put on file for review;

3. Persons who have been punished by party discipline and discipline and handled by the judicial department;

4. Other circumstances in which laws, regulations and relevant policies stipulate that it is not allowed to be employed.

Third, the recruitment method

(a) announcement

On July 15th, 2019, the announcement was issued through Zhongtian Human Resources Network (http://www.cnthr.com).

(2) Time and method of registration

Registration and payment time: from 9:00 on July 17 to 17:00 on July 22, 2019. Applicants shall pay the written test service fee within the specified time, and each person shall be 45 yuan.

Examination registration and payment are conducted on Zhongtian Human Resources Online. Failure to go through the payment procedures within the time limit will be deemed as invalid registration and will automatically give up the qualification for the next link.

Applicants should truthfully fill in the relevant information in the Registration Form. Applicants can only choose one position to register. The application materials submitted by applicants should be true and accurate. Those who provide false application materials will be disqualified once verified. Those who forge or alter relevant documents, materials and information without authorization to cheat the examination qualification will be dealt with in accordance with the relevant regulations, and the consequences will be borne by the applicants. Candidates should always pay attention to the news published on the website and keep the mobile phone number filled in the registration form unblocked. If they fail to take the exam or have problems arising from on-site qualification examination for personal reasons, the candidates will bear the consequences.

Applicants need to make their recent 1.5 inch bareheaded color photos (the background color is one of blue, white and red) into electronic files (.JPG or. JPEG format, the file size is less than 200K) through scanners, digital cameras and other equipment, and be sure to prepare them in advance as required and upload them to the corresponding location when filling out the registration form.

If the ratio of the number of applicants to the number of recruitment plans is less than 3: 1, the recruitment unit will adjust the recruitment plan of the position accordingly.

(3) written examination

The content of this written test: "Administrative Ability Test".

Successful applicants should download and print the admission ticket from 9:00 on July 25, 2019 to 24:00 on July 26, 2019.

Written test time: July 27, 2019, the specific time and place can be found in the written test admission ticket.

Candidates should take the written test according to the time and place determined by the written test admission ticket. The written test scores of the absent candidates are calculated according to zero, and they are not allowed to enter the follow-up qualification review. When taking the written test, you must bring the written test admission ticket and ID card, and those who lack any documents are not allowed to take the written test.

On July 31, 2019, applicants can log on to the registration website to check the written test results and related information.

(4) Qualification examination

After the written test, the written test scores are ranked from high to low, and the same written test scores are tied. After ranking, according to the ratio of 1:3 in the recruitment plan, it is determined to enter the qualification review according to the ranking of written test results. When the number of people entering the interview examination is less than 1:3, it shall be conducted according to the actual number of people entering the interview.

Candidates who enter the interview must hold the original and photocopy of relevant qualification certificates, including ID card, the first page and my page of the household registration book, academic certificate, Electronic Registration Form of Academic Certificate of the Ministry of Education and 2 registration forms to the designated place for qualification examination.

Qualification review time: August 1, 2019 from 9: 00 to 11: 30.

Qualification examination unit: China Tianjin Human Resources Development Service Center.

Address for qualification examination: Floor 1, No.58 Jiulong Road, Hexi District, Tianjin

Those who pass the qualification examination shall pay the interview and examination service fee 45 yuan online from 10: 00 on August 1 to 17: 00 on August 5, 2019.

Candidates who fail to participate in the qualification examination at the prescribed time and place are deemed to have given up on their own. If you give up or fail to pass the qualification examination, and fail to participate in the qualification examination according to the prescribed time and place, the vacant interview places will be filled in order according to the written test scores from high to low.

(5) Interview

The interview is structured. The total score of the interview is 100 points, and 60 points are passed. Candidates who fail will not be hired.

The interview admission ticket is downloaded and printed from 9:00 on August 8, 2019 to 24:00 on August 9.

Applicants should attend the interview according to the time and place determined on the interview admission ticket. When participating in the interview, you must bring the interview admission ticket and the second-generation ID card at the same time. Applicants who lack any documents are not allowed to participate in the interview. After the interview, the interview results will be announced on the spot.

Interview time: August 10, 2019 (see the interview admission ticket for the specific location, time and candidates’ instructions).

(6) Physical examination and inspection

After the interview, the total score is calculated according to the proportion of 50% written test results and 50% interview results. The written test scores and interview scores are kept to 1 decimal place each, and the total score is kept to 2 decimal places.

On August 14, 2019, the total score of candidates was announced on the registration website.

The total score is sorted from high to low, and the list of participants is determined according to the ratio of 1:1 between the number of candidates and the number of people entering the medical examination. If the total scores of applicants are tied, resulting in the number of people entering the medical examination exceeding the number of people in the employment plan, the list of people entering the medical examination shall be determined according to the principle of giving priority to those with high written examination scores. If the written test results are tied, the list of medical examiners will be determined according to the priority employment conditions. Physical examination items and standards refer to the General Standard for Physical Examination of Civil Servants (Trial).

The medical examination time will be announced separately. Those who fail to attend the medical examination at the specified time and place shall be deemed to have given up automatically. According to the actual needs, the recruitment unit can make up the examination results in order from high to low.

The inspection is organized and implemented by the recruiting unit. The contents of the investigation include the candidates’ ideological and political performance, moral quality, professional ability and work performance, and the qualifications of the candidates are reviewed. Personnel who are not suitable for employment after investigation shall not be employed.

(7) publicity

The personnel to be hired will be publicized uniformly on the recruitment website for 7 days.

IV. Employment Management and Treatment

(1) Newly hired staff, after the expiration of publicity, sign a labor contract with a probation period of two months. Those who fail to pass the probation period will be disqualified.

(2) In accordance with the relevant provisions on wages and benefits in the Interim Provisions on the Employment Management of Socialized Trade Union Workers in Tianjin.

V. The Ninghe District Federation of Trade Unions shall be responsible for the interpretation of matters not covered in this scheme.

Special note:

This recruitment examination does not hold or entrust any organization to hold counseling training courses. The counseling classes and counseling websites held in any name in the society have nothing to do with this examination. Please be vigilant.

Policy consultation telephone: 022-69155388

Registration Tel: 022-23266305

(9:00-12:00 and 14:00-17:00 on weekdays)

◆◆

Bohai light industry investment group

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Tianjin Bohai Light Industry Investment Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "the company") is a municipal state-owned enterprise. We have products with high market popularity and influence, such as Seagull Watch, Jinjiu, Shanhaiguan soda, Tiannv ink, flying pigeon bicycle, queen bee furniture and Chunhe sports equipment. We have 13 well-known trademarks in China and 8 time-honored brands in China. The general manager and deputy general manager are now openly selected for the society, as follows:

I. Selecting and appointing positions

(1) General Manager

Be fully responsible for the operation and management of the daily business of the company.

(2) 3 deputy general managers

1 in charge of production and operation;

1 in charge of marketing;

In charge of financial management and capital operation.

Second, the scope and conditions of employment

(a) the scope of employment

Open recruitment for the whole country.

(2) Conditions of employment

Have a good political quality, seriously study the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, firmly establish the "four consciousnesses", firmly "four self-confidences", resolutely achieve the "two maintenance", adhere to the socialist direction of state-owned enterprises, be familiar with enterprise management, have an international vision and strategic thinking, have working experience and professional accomplishment matching the position, have a keen sense of the market, have outstanding business performance, and have good professional ethics, professional credit and personal conduct. At the same time, meet the following qualifications:

1. General Manager’s qualifications

(1) Having accumulated more than 10 years working experience in related enterprises or related economic, financial and legal work experience.

(2) He has held the following positions for more than 2 years: deputy positions (including equivalent positions) or above in the headquarters of central enterprises, or deputy positions (including equivalent positions) or above in the headquarters of state-owned enterprises and other large enterprises with similar scale, or members of the same type of large private enterprises.

(3) Have a bachelor’s degree or above.

(4) Generally, the age is not more than 53 years old, and those who are particularly excellent can be relaxed to 55 years old, and they have the physical conditions to perform their duties normally.

(5) Meet other qualification requirements stipulated by relevant laws and regulations.

2. Qualification of Deputy General Manager

(1) Having accumulated more than 10 years working experience in related enterprises or related economic, financial and legal work experience.

(2) He has held the following positions for more than 3 years: middle-level positions (including equivalent positions) and above in the headquarters of central enterprises, or middle-level positions (including equivalent positions) and above in the headquarters of provincial state-owned enterprises and other large enterprises of similar size, or middle-level positions and above in large private enterprises of the same type.

(3) Have a bachelor’s degree or above.

(4) Generally, the age is not more than 50 years old, especially excellent ones can be relaxed to 52 years old, and they have the physical conditions to perform their duties normally.

(5) Meet other qualification requirements stipulated by relevant laws and regulations.

Iii. Term of office and remuneration of the selected personnel

(1) Term of office

The hiring personnel shall be managed by professional managers, with a term of three years, and can be renewed after the expiration of the term of office.

(2) Remuneration and treatment

Refer to the salary level of similar comparable personnel in the market, and provide attractive salary.

Fourth, the selection process

Registration → qualification examination → comprehensive assessment and evaluation → investigation and background investigation → determination of candidates to be hired → physical examination → formal appointment.

V. Registration Procedures and Related Instructions

(1) Registration procedures

1. Registration time

July 2-July 23, lasting for 3 weeks.

2. Registration method

Online registration or on-site registration can be used (each person is limited to one position).

(1) Online registration: please visit the company’s website (www.bhqgtz.com), click on "Professional Manager Recruitment" at the top right of the page, log in to the registration system, fill in the registration information, and upload the photo (blue background), work summary or debriefing report for the past three years, academic degree certificate (scanned certificate, and certification report issued by the Study Abroad Service Center of the Ministry of Education if foreign academic degrees are involved), and relevant qualification certificates (professional titles, professional achievements and reports).

(2) On-site registration: Please go to Tianjin Bohai State-owned Human Resources Development Service Company (Gate 4, Building 7, Youcheng Mingju, the intersection of Youyi Road and Weidi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin). Contact persons: Mr. Liu and Mr. Zhang. Tel: 022-88275328. The materials to be submitted are consistent with the requirements for online registration.

(2) Relevant explanations

1. The applicant shall be responsible for the authenticity and completeness of the submitted materials. If it is found to be inconsistent with the facts, the company has the right to cancel the qualification.

2. The results of preliminary qualification examination, interview time and place will be informed by email, etc. Applicants are requested to provide accurate email addresses and check them in time.

3. We keep the information of the applicant and the submitted materials strictly confidential, and will not return them if they are not used for other purposes.

Remember to forward it to friends in need!

Editor | Ma Yuan

Tianjin Huatu Flying Pigeon Bicycle Tianjin Zhonggong Education

　　On June 1st, "International Children’s Day", the inauguration ceremony of Xicheng Kangaroo Baby Home New Sunshine Academy was held in Beijing. Kangaroo Baby Home aims to provide services such as companion education and after-school care for riders’ children, and formulate protective and developmental measures at different stages of development according to different ages.

　　Li Yanqing, director of the Women Workers Department of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, Peng Yizhong, vice chairman of the National Finance and Trade Textile Tobacco Trade Union, Wang Huihui, head of the Fourth Division of the Organization Department of Beijing Xicheng District Committee, Jie Shen, deputy secretary of the Yuetan Street Working Committee of Beijing Xicheng District, Liu Zhengchen, secretary general of Beijing New Sunshine Charity Foundation, and family representatives of Kangaroo Baby Home were present.

　　In 2019, Meituan launched the Kangaroo Baby Public Welfare Program, dedicated to providing serious illness assistance and educational support for the children of take-away riders in the whole industry. In order to help riders solve the problem that it is difficult to balance work and child care, Meituan and non-profit organizations have established community children’s care institutions for children of takeaway riders in Yanjiao, Hebei, Haidian, Beijing and Wangjing, Beijing — — Kangaroo Baby House.

　　The service of Kangaroo Baby Home is open to all new employment groups, including riders. The service content covers serious illness relief, medical insurance reimbursement, Kangaroo Baby Public Welfare Program serious illness assistance consultation, etc. In terms of course content, it is also more diverse, including reading class, puzzle manual class, social activity class, etc., to provide diversified companionship for riders’ children. At the same time, the clients also expanded from children to parents, and social workers provided them with a series of convenient services such as emotional counseling and delivery skills training. The one-stop service of Kangaroo Baby House effectively alleviates the problems of the rider’s family, such as the difficulty of looking after children, the heavy burden of medical treatment and the great pressure of work, so that the rider and other new business practitioners’ families can enjoy reassuring care in their stressful work and life.

(Photo: Kangaroo Baby House Puzzle Handicraft Course)

　　As an "old friend" of Kangaroo Baby House, 12-year-old Xiaoxue witnessed the changes here. She made crafts and played the piano with her peers, making Xiaoxue more sociable and more harmonious with her parents. Xiaoxue’s father is a special rider. He said, "I feel at ease here, so that I have no worries about my work. I just need to pick up my children after work." Because there is a kangaroo baby house, I can take my child to the city where I work and participate more in her growth. "

　　After the completion of Xicheng Kangaroo Baby Home, it is expected to provide public welfare services for 100 families and 5,000 people throughout the year. In addition, by the end of May 2023, the "Kangaroo Baby" charity program had helped 624 children of seriously ill riders, with a total amount exceeding 24.287 million yuan. It is understood that in the future, Meituan will also serve more rider families by establishing kangaroo baby community and help workers in new employment forms to work and live with peace of mind.

　　Those who are good at games seek the potential, while those who are good at governance seek the overall situation. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his recent inspection tour in Sichuan: "Sichuan is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, so it is necessary to enhance the overall awareness, firmly establish the upstream awareness, unswervingly implement the policy of joint protection and no development, build an ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and protect this clear water."

　　The Yangtze River Economic Belt covers 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River and spans three major plates in China. Restoring the ecological environment of the Yangtze River and promoting the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt require the interaction and cooperation of the upper, middle and lower reaches. At the symposium on further promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt held in 2018, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "the protection and restoration of the Yangtze River ecological environment ‘ Seek a domain ’ Mostly, ‘ Passively ’ There are many key breakthroughs; ‘ Seek the overall situation ’ Insufficient, ‘ Actively ’ Less overall promotion "requires" correctly grasping the relationship between overall promotion and key breakthroughs, based on the overall situation, making decisions before moving ". In recent years, it is precisely because of insisting on systematic planning from the overall situation and the overall situation that the ecological environment protection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has undergone a turning point.

　　"He who does not seek the overall situation does not seek a domain". Observing the general situation, seeking the overall situation and grasping major events are important ways of thinking and working. If we don’t consider our work from the overall situation and the whole, we will easily "see the trees but not the forest" and lose sight of one thing, and fall into the dilemma of picking up sesame seeds and throwing watermelons and making up for the short wall; If you only pay attention to your own land, one-sided emphasis on the particularity of the local department will not be conducive to the development of national and overall work, and in the end, it will also hinder the development of one party. And when we "understand the overall things, we will use the local things more". The ancients said that "the one who gets the most can also be small", which is the truth. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that "leading cadres must have a clear idea of the country’s big players when they think about problems and make decisions, and they must make more big calculations and calculate big accounts, and less small calculations", emphasizing that "more attention should be paid to planning a domain from the overall situation and serving the overall situation with a domain", which is of great guiding significance for all localities and departments to do a good job. This requires us not only to be good at analyzing and studying the situation from the overall situation and strengthening planning, but also to do a good job in specific work and things, and to serve the overall work by solving practical problems and promoting specific work.

　　Planning a domain from the overall situation is a kind of mind, vision and pattern. When the Supreme Leader was in charge of Shanghai, he pointed out that the future development of Shanghai must be considered and planned in the central government’s strategic orientation for Shanghai’s development, in the general trend of economic globalization, in the overall development pattern of the whole country, and in the overall deployment of the country for the regional development of the Yangtze River Delta. During his inspection tour in Shanghai in May 2014, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader asked Shanghai cadres at all levels to look at the whole world and the whole country, constantly improve their strategic thinking, strategic grasp and strategic operation ability, and strive for development and achievements, not only striving for domestic first-class, but also daring to compare and compete internationally. Leading cadres and officials at all levels should always regard the overall situation as the starting point and the end result of observing and handling problems, pursue the overall interests as the highest value, correctly understand the overall situation and consciously obey the overall situation, so as to continuously improve the principle, systematicness, foresight and creativity of "seeking a domain".

　　At the same time, we must realize that the overall situation cannot be separated from the parts and independent, and the overall situation is composed of all its parts. This requires us to serve the overall situation with one domain and promote the overall improvement of the overall situation through local key breakthroughs. When talking about the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that "we should use the method of system theory to correctly grasp the relationship between our own development and coordinated development" and "all regions and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt must proceed from the whole and establish ‘ A game of chess ’ Thought, realize dislocation development, coordinated development, organic integration, and form an overall synergy. " For leading cadres at all levels, it is necessary to firmly establish the idea of "playing a game of chess", focus on the overall interests on major issues, define the orientation of self-development in the overall situation of national development, identify the combination of their own advantages and overall work, and avoid interfering with the overall situation, actively integrating into the overall situation, and effectively serving the overall situation.

　　There is such a vivid metaphor: "A choir must pay attention to a main theme and a rhythm if it wants to speak with one voice. The same is true of economic work. If every department and unit emphasizes the importance of their work, each plays its own horn and sings its own tune, it is not singing ‘ Smash the pot ’ Can’t. " On the new journey, we will improve our strategic thinking ability of taking the overall situation into consideration, strengthen our mission of "making the most of the things and doing the most of them", not only take a long view, take the overall situation into consideration, but also implement them in detail and accumulate them, so that we will surely win glory for a domain, add luster to the overall situation and play the chorus of high-quality economic and social development.

　　People’s Daily (June 20, 2022, 04 edition)

General Office of Hunan Provincial People’s Government on Printing and Distributing

Several policies and measures to support the supporting development of advanced manufacturing supply chain and

"Supporting the comprehensive recycling of non-ferrous metal resources to extend the chain and strengthen the chain"

A number of policy measures "notice

Hunan zhengban made [2021〕forty-ninenumber

HNPR—2021—01031

 

The people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, the provincial government departments and commissions, and the directly affiliated institutions:

"Several policies and measures to support the supporting development of advanced manufacturing supply chain" and "Several policies and measures to support the comprehensive recycling of non-ferrous metal resources to extend the chain and strengthen the chain" have been agreed by the provincial people’s government and are hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement them carefully.

 

General Office of Hunan Provincial People’s Government

2021yeareightmoontwentysun

 

Supporting the supporting development of advanced manufacturing supply chain

If   Dry   Politics   Policy   Measures   execute

 

For strengthimplement“Three highs and four new ones"Strategy, stabilityFocus on the industrial chain of advanced manufacturing supply chain, give play to the leading role of leading enterprises, promote the supporting development of advanced manufacturing supply chain, and make every effort to build an important national advanced manufacturing highland. The following policies and measures are formulated.

I. Basic objectives

Combine meprovince“China’s 14th five-year plan"hairExhibition planning, the province’s vehicle (host, main network) leading enterprises (hereinafter referred to ascorporate champion)Key industries such as construction machinery, automobile manufacturing, power equipment, rail transit, aerospace, etc. (hereinafter referred to asKey industriesImplement the five-year action plan for supporting the development of supply chain, support leading enterprises to strengthen their leading role in supporting the development of supply chain, strengthen efforts to cultivate and attract key supporting product manufacturers, extend the industrial chain, enhance the degree of agglomeration, and realize the coordinated development of key industries.

Second, the policy measures

(a) support leading enterprises to attract supporting enterprises.Establish a linkage mechanism between government support and investment promotion of leading enterprises in the industrial chain, and actively guide leading enterprises to attract upstream and downstream enterprises at home and abroad to invest and set up factories in our province through order allocation, procurement demand and investment joint venture. Divide the newly introduced supporting enterprises of leading enterprises into parts at the provincial level in the first year of production.10%The people’s government of the city, state or county where the enterprise is located shall be rewarded, which is mainly used to support the technological transformation, R&D and innovation of leading enterprises and the incentives for personnel who have made outstanding contributions to the enterprise, with the maximum not exceeding.1000Ten thousand yuan; Since the establishment of supporting enterprises introduced by leading enterprises.threeActual investment in fixed assets completed during the year.2More than 100 million yuan, increase the intensity of awards. Leading enterprises that have enjoyed the support of government financial awards and land concessions should actively attract supporting enterprises and strive for3—5During the year, the tax contribution of newly attracted enterprises was balanced with the new preferential policies enjoyed by leading enterprises.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Taxation Bureau, State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, and administrative committees of industrial parks above the provincial level)

(two) to promote the construction of key projects to supplement and extend the chain.More than the actual funds in place2One hundred million yuan of key industry chain extension project, according to the actual funds in place in the year.1%Give a reward, not exceeding the maximum.1000Ten thousand yuan. Yes, China.500Strong and private500Strong, domestic industry before10Strong leading enterprises in our province, the newly established actual funds in place exceed10One hundred million yuan of key industries to supplement the chain and extend the chain.Eye, press“One thing, one discussion"Give support in a way. Specializing in key chain-supplementing and chain-extending projects and key industries.“Little giant"complementEnterprises and relevant government industrial investment funds give support.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Finance, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, and industrial park management committees at or above the provincial level)

(three) to encourage the procurement of key supporting products in the list of chain replenishment.Combined with the actual development of key industries and the needs of leading enterprises, the list of key supporting products of advanced manufacturing industry is formulated (hereinafter abbreviatedsay/callSupplementary chain list). Establish a linkage mechanism between financial support and key supporting products in the list of supplementary chains purchased by leading enterprises, and guide leading enterprises to purchase supporting products in the list of supplementary chains; Those who have made outstanding contributions to the procurement of supporting products and supporting the development of supporting industries in the list of supplementary chains shall be rewarded in a certain proportion according to the procurement scale and growth of enterprises, and the maximum annual reward for a single enterprise shall not exceed.500Ten thousand yuan. If the key spare parts supporting production enterprises that focus on cultivation have achieved remarkable results in upgrading their files and supporting leading enterprises to make up and extend their chains, they will be given a fixed reward according to their contributions.(Responsible unit: Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology,Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Department of Commerce, State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(four) to guide the development of key supporting industrial parks.Focusing on the needs of supporting the development of key industries and the actual development of local industries, according to the principle of adapting to local conditions, supporting nearby facilities and complementing resources, the provincial level will make overall plans for the development of supporting industrial parks for advanced manufacturing industries, and guide the cultivation and development of centralized resources in qualified cities and States.1—2A characteristic supporting industrial park, as the core supporting base of key industries, enjoys relevant support policies according to Hunan Construction Machinery Supporting Industrial Park. The provincial value-added tax and enterprise income tax shall be increased in the current year on the county directly under the jurisdiction of the city, state and finance.50%On the basis of giving rewards to the relevant cities, prefectures and counties directly under the jurisdiction of finance, the provincial finance will increase the awards and subsidies to the above-mentioned supporting industrial parks that conform to the province’s planning and layout and have been built to realize tax storage, and give key support to the arrangement of special funds and the declaration of special bond projects. The awards and subsidies will be used for the construction and development of supporting industrial parks.(Responsible units: Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Transportation, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Taxation Bureau, Provincial Postal Administration, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities, and administrative committees of industrial parks above the provincial level)

(five) to promote the research and development of key supporting products.Based on the supporting needs of key industries, the list of key supporting products of advanced manufacturing industry is formulated (hereinafter abbreviatedsay/callList of key problems)Focus on breaking through the bottleneck problem that restricts industrial development. Improve enterprise researchSubsidy policy after investment, according to the enterprise development potential, market prospects, upstream and downstream“adsorption capacity"Equal causeElement, the research list of product research and development enterprises to increase incentives. Promote standardization construction, and give to leading enterprises that lead the formulation of groundbreaking international standards and national standards, respectively50Ten thousand yuan to100Ten thousand yuan,twentyTen thousand yuan to50Ten thousand yuan reward.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Provincial Local Financial Supervision Bureau, Hunan Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(6) Increase policy support such as government procurement.Focusing on the development of key industries,formulate“Two types"(green) product standards, improve and expand.“Two types"(green) miningPurchase catalogue. Incorporate qualified construction machinery, cars, buses, special vehicles, rail vehicles, power equipment, general aviation and other products into Hunan Province.“Two types"Product government procurement catalogue, enjoy priority procurement measures such as reserved share and preferential evaluation, and improve the award rate of government procurement contracts. Having independent intellectual property rights and core competitiveness in the production of leading enterprises, and having a high rate of supporting products in the list of purchasing supplementary chains.“Two types"Equipment products shall be included in the catalogue of first purchase products in Hunan Province according to regulations, and the first purchase policy shall be implemented. If there is only one kind of similar products in the first purchase catalogue, the government procurement contract will be awarded directly to the first purchase product. The government procurement policy shall be implemented in the fields of bidding for government-invested construction projects and procurement of state-owned enterprises according to the above two catalogues, and the implementation shall be regarded as an important basis for enjoying government support policies.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Department of Transportation, State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(7) Strengthen financial and fiscal coordination.Set up a provincial-level special sub-fund for the development of advanced manufacturing industry, focusing on supporting production enterprises of key parts of advanced manufacturing industry and key projects of chain repair and extension. Guide insurance institutions to develop exclusive insurance products to support the research and development and production of products in the list of supplementary chains, and press the provincial finance.3%The upper limit of insurance premium rate and the actual premium50%Give premium subsidies to the insured enterprises, and the subsidies for individual products shall not exceed100Ten thousand yuan. If the central government has already subsidized, it will not be repeated. expandbig“Xiaoxiang Cai yin Dai"Policy realityScope of application, optimize the financial risk compensation mechanism, and guide cooperative banks to give priority to providing mortgage-free and low-interest credit loans to supporting enterprises in advanced manufacturing industries. Encourage government financing guarantee institutions to provide guarantee and credit enhancement support for advanced manufacturing supporting products manufacturers.(Responsible units: Provincial Local Financial Supervision Bureau, Changsha Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China, Hunan Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(eight) to strengthen the protection of land elements.Strengthen the total management of urban and rural construction land, scientific allocation, comprehensive conservation and efficient utilization, vigorously revitalize the existing land resources, and implement land inclination for leading enterprises in key industries and key supporting enterprises. The rational land demand for major projects in supporting industries shall be guaranteed by the provincial level, and the new construction land plan indicators shall be adopted.“Point supply"All insurance should be guaranteed. Establish and improve the standard system of intensive land use, include the landing of major projects supporting advanced manufacturing industries in the evaluation scope of intensive land use, monitor and evaluate indicators such as land intensity, utilization structure, input and output, and per mu tax, and reward the parks with high level of intensive land use.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Natural Resources, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(9) Optimize the business environment.We will further implement the policy of reducing taxes and fees, standardize the charges for water, electricity and other services, and reduce the burden on enterprises supporting advanced manufacturing industries. Push deeplyenter“reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services"Reform and accelerate implementation.“Six ones"Engineering, exploration and development“One photo multiple access"Reform,Streamline the administrative examination and approval process and the procedures for preferential policies, and promote the orderly flow of high-quality elements such as talents, capital and innovation in key industries and the efficient allocation of resources. Accelerate the innovation of regulatory system and create a fair, transparent and predictable business environment.(Responsible units: Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Taxation Bureau, Provincial Government Affairs Bureau, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

Third, organizational guarantee

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership.Led by the leading group for the construction of a strong manufacturing province in Hunan, we will make overall plans to guide the development of advanced manufacturing industries to supplement and extend chains and supporting industries, and promote the coordinated development of advanced manufacturing industries. The office of the leading group is responsible for making overall plans, dynamically updating and releasing the list of supplementary chains and tackling key problems, organizing and coordinating relevant departments to study and formulate supporting policies and measures, regularly scheduling the implementation of policies and measures, and doing other work deployed by the leading group.

(2) Improve the working mechanism.At the provincial level, a special joint working group is set up by the departments of commerce, industry and information technology, development and reform, science and technology, finance, etc., under the unified leadership of the leading group for the construction of a strong manufacturing province in Hunan, to study and formulate the list of supporting enterprises that are mainly cultivated and attracted.supply“One thing, one discussion, one enterprise, one policy"accurateService, collaborative efforts to fill the shortcomings of key industries. Cities and States should set up special working groups accordingly, formulate supporting programs, accurately introduce supporting enterprises from outside the province, and vigorously support the development of supporting enterprises. Encourage the development of enclave economic model and support cities and counties to strengthen the co-construction of supporting industries.

(3) Strengthen the implementation of responsibilities.The policy lead units shall, jointly with the relevant departments, formulate specific implementation rules item by item. It is necessary to promote tax collection and management according to law, improve the fiscal and taxation management system and maintain fair order. It is necessary to strictly declare procedures, strengthen audit and evaluation, and avoid repeated enjoyment by bulls. The relevant award and compensation funds correspond to special funds such as manufacturing a strong province, the development of open economy and circulation industry, the construction of innovative provinces, financial development, and infrastructure construction within the budget, and the overall arrangement of budget increase. It is necessary to strengthen the linkage between finance and audit. For newly introduced policies and newly added projects, the lead department should conduct pre-performance evaluation according to regulations, strengthen fund supervision and performance management, and improve the performance of fund use.

This policy is not repeated with other fiscal policies. If the same enterprise or the same project conforms to multiple awards and compensation policies, it will be rewarded according to the highest amount of awards and compensation, and the awards and compensation will not be calculated repeatedly. The above policies shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation and shall be valid.fiveYears.

 

Support the comprehensive recycling industry of non-ferrous metal resources

Some policy measures to extend the chain and strengthen the chain

 

In order to vigorously implement“Three highs and four new ones"warSlightly, to enhance the comprehensive recycling capacity of non-ferrous metal resources in our province (including scrap steel, the same below), to ensure the strategic security of national non-ferrous metal resources, to support the comprehensive recycling industry of non-ferrous metal resources to extend the chain and strengthen the chain, and to promote the high-quality development of the industry, the following policies and measures are formulated.

I. Basic objectives

Combined with Hunanprovince“China’s 14th five-year plan"developPlanning and the development status of comprehensive recycling industry of nonferrous metal resources, focusing on the deep processing industry chain of four kinds of recycled metals: recycled copper, aluminum, steel, tungsten and cobalt and rare and precious metals (hereinafter abbreviatedsay/callFour industrial chains), vigorously guide the comprehensive cycle of nonferrous metal resources.The recycling industry takes the route of intensive processing, promotes the development of high-end alloy industry of nonferrous metals, improves the added value and competitiveness of products, and promotes the cluster, high-end and green development of comprehensive recycling industry of nonferrous metals resources in our province. Strive to achieve2025In, the annual output of comprehensive recycling industry of nonferrous metal resources in the province broke through.2000Ten thousand tons, the annual output value reached.2000One hundred million yuan, the annual tax revenue reached.100Billion yuan, tax paymentfiveLeading enterprises in industries above 100 million yuan have achieved3—5Home.

Second, the policy measures

(1) Increase the incentives for industrial chain extension and strengthening.Focus on supporting enterprises related to the four industrial chains to carry out intensive processing and extend the industrial chain, and give inclined support to qualified enterprises in project declaration, government procurement, land use and electricity security, etc. Encourage cities, prefectures, counties and urban areas to attract leading enterprises in intensive processing around the four industrial chains, and give provincial-level grants to leading enterprises with strong industrial drive, great economic contribution and outstanding role in chain extension and strong chain.with“One thing, one discussion"branchHold. Improve the incentive mechanism of industrial tax contribution, and plan the increment of provincial-level value-added tax and enterprise income tax in the year when the cities, prefectures and counties are directly under the jurisdiction of finance.50%On the basis of rewarding relevant cities, prefectures and counties directly under the jurisdiction of the finance department, the provincial finance will increase the reward and compensation for key cities and counties with strong policy implementation, good industrial development and rapid tax growth in non-ferrous metal resources comprehensive recycling industry, with a maximum of no more than.1000The reward of 10,000 yuan is used to support the comprehensive recycling of local nonferrous metal resources to extend the chain and strengthen the chain.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Department of Natural Resources, Provincial Department of Commerce, Provincial Taxation Bureau, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(two) to promote the construction of comprehensive recycling demonstration base.Do a good job in the industrial planning and layout of the whole province to improve the efficiency of resource utilizationRate as the core, support the creation of national bulk solid waste (workIndustrial solid waste resources) comprehensive recycling demonstration base, cultivate and create a number of provincial industrial solid waste resources comprehensive recycling demonstration bases, demonstration enterprises and demonstration projects, and mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises to carry out comprehensive recycling of resources and develop green industries. Encourage demonstration enterprises to set up standardized and orderly recycling of waste resources in cities, counties and urban areas of the province, and support the construction of non-ferrous metal renewable resources logistics parks and trading centers. For the newly awarded national demonstration base for comprehensive recycling of bulk solid waste (industrial solid waste resources), the provincial finance will give it200Ten thousand yuan to500Ten thousand yuan reward; The provincial finance shall give the demonstration bases and projects for the comprehensive recycling of industrial solid waste resources at the provincial level.100Ten thousand yuan to200Ten thousand yuan,50Ten thousand yuan to100Ten thousand yuan reward. The incentive funds are solved from the special funds for manufacturing strong provinces and used to support the construction of demonstration bases and the development of enterprises in the four industrial chains.(Responsible unit: Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Development and Reform)Commission of leather, Provincial Department of Finance, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(3) Strengthen financial policy guidance and support.Regularly update and publish the list of energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises in the comprehensive recycling industry of non-ferrous metal resources, support relevant leading enterprises to be included in the list of core enterprises in the province’s industrial chain supply chain finance, encourage banking institutions to strengthen cooperation with insurance institutions, financing guarantee institutions and third-party supply chain platform companies, innovate and diversify financial service models, and use them.“Xiaoxiang Cai yin Dai"Supply chain financial products increase credit support for core enterprises in the industrial chain of comprehensive recycling of non-ferrous metal resources and upstream and downstream small and medium-sized enterprises. Coordinate for direct investment from the National Green Development Fund or set up a green development sub-fund in Hunan, focusing on green and low-carbon industrial enterprises such as comprehensive recycling of non-ferrous metal resources. Increase the support of Hunan Emerging Industry Fund to the non-ferrous metal field in the province, and focus on deep processing enterprises in four industrial chains that meet the industry norms, meet the standards of environmental protection and safety production, and have market prospects and operational benefits. Encourage market-oriented industry (equity) investment funds to invest in the comprehensive recycling industry of non-ferrous metal resources. For fund companies that have achieved remarkable results in supporting industrial development, the provincial finance will give a certain proportion of awards according to the investment amount, with the maximum not exceeding.500Ten thousand yuan.(Responsible units: Changsha Central Sub-branch of the People’s Bank of China, Provincial Local Financial Supervision Bureau, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Department of Finance, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(four) improve the comprehensive recycling of resources and environmental protection policies.Scientifically determine the categories of hazardous waste transfer and utilization in other provinces that meet the standards, and encourage deep processing enterprises in four industrial chains with great economic contribution, advanced technology and high resource utilization rate in the province to build large-scale hazardous waste utilization facilities by diversified investment and marketization. According to the enterprise’s environmental credit record and the controllable degree of environmental risks, etc.“white list"Ways to simplify the approval process of trans-provincial transfer of hazardous wastes. accelerate“separating operating permits and business licenses"correctLeather, support deep processing enterprises in the four industrial chains in a timely manner.Obtain resources and comprehensively recycle raw materials.(Responsible units: Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(5) Straighten out the industry management system and mechanism.Deepen the reform of management system of nonferrous metals industry, further straighten out the governance structure of Hunan Nonferrous Metals Holding Group Co., Ltd., evaluate the implementation of strategic cooperation between our province and China Minmetals Group Co., Ltd., urge China Minmetals Group Co., Ltd. to honor its commitments such as investment as agreed in the agreement, strengthen the overall integration and leading promotion of nonferrous metal resources development and comprehensive recycling in our province, and promote Hunan Nonferrous Metals Industry to become bigger and stronger, and enhance the high-end level of industrial chain.(Responsible units: Provincial State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

(6) Optimize the business environment.Advance in depth“reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services"Reform, implement preferential policies for comprehensive utilization of refined resources, energy conservation and environmental protection, strengthen policy interpretation and publicity and guidance, and reduce the burden on enterprises. Strengthen the macro-management of the government, give play to the role of relevant functional departments and industry associations, rectify vicious competition in the comprehensive recycling industry of non-ferrous metal resources according to law, and make invoices linked to other provinces, and severely crack down on non-invoicing in purchase and sale.(“Naked in and naked out.") and other tax evasion.Behavior, optimize the tax business environment. Further strengthen invoice management, guide enterprises to issue invoices in the province according to law, improve compliance with corporate tax laws, and prevent tax loss. Strengthen the self-discipline of nonferrous metals industry, guide enterprises to standardize their operations, compete fairly, and maintain a good market order.(Responsible units: Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Market Supervision Bureau, Provincial Department of Finance, Provincial Taxation Bureau, Provincial Government Affairs Bureau, and people’s governments of cities, counties and cities)

Third, organizational guarantee

(1) Strengthen organizational leadership.Press at the provincial levelshine“A government leader, a lead department, a set of work programs."Work mode, build a working pattern in which provincial government leaders contact the industrial chain of comprehensive recycling of non-ferrous metal resources, industry and information departments take the lead, and development and reform, natural resources, ecological environment, commerce, local financial supervision, taxation and other relevant departments participate together. City, state, county and city people’s governments should refer to the practice in the province and strengthen organizational leadership accordingly.

(2) Improve the working mechanism.At the provincial level, a special departmental joint working group was set up around the four industrial chains, and relevant departments worked together to study, formulate and implement supporting policies and measures to promote industrial clustering, high-end and green development. The people’s governments of cities, prefectures, counties and cities set up special working classes, formulate supporting plans according to local conditions, accurately attract leading enterprises outside the province, and vigorously support the development of advantageous enterprises. Strengthen the three-level linkage between provinces, cities and counties to form a joint effort.

(3) Strengthen the implementation of responsibilities.All policy responsibility units should formulate specific implementation plans item by item. Promote tax collection and management according to law, improve the fiscal and taxation management system, and maintain fair order. It is necessary to strengthen the linkage between finance and audit, strengthen fund supervision and performance evaluation, and improve the performance of fund use.

This policy is not repeated with other fiscal policies. If the same enterprise or the same project conforms to multiple awards and compensation policies, it will be rewarded according to the highest amount of awards and compensation, and the awards and compensation will not be calculated repeatedly. The above policies shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation and shall be valid.fiveYears.

It can be said that Alphabet (Google’s parent company), Meta and Microsoft, the three giants of American AI, have handed over their own stage test scores, but unlike the impression formed by the outside world in the previous paragraph, Google, which has been constantly sung, has seen its share price soar after the financial report, while Meta, which won a heart by Llama 3, has evaporated by 1.6 trillion overnight.

Only Microsoft continued to exceed expectations, watching the other two unreliable rivals smile and get back the top spot in the world market value.

Google, the big brother who is often upstaged by his peers on various occasions, is finally proud this time.

Not only did Q1′ s revenue, advertising and cloud business all increase at a faster speed, but it also crushed all the indicators, with an increase of over 15% after the close, and announced the dividend distribution and $70 billion stock repurchase plan for the first time.After the financial report was published, Google’s market value soared by 300 billion US dollars, making it the fourth largest listed company in the world after Microsoft, Apple and NVIDIA.

In this quarter, the total revenue of Google’s parent company Alphabet was 80.54 billion US dollars, much higher than the market expectation of 79.04 billion US dollars, up 15% year-on-year, the fastest growth rate in two years. Net profit jumped 57% year-on-year to $23.7 billion, and diluted earnings per share was $1.89, up 61.5% from $1.17 in the same period last year.

Despite betting on the big language model Gemini training and infrastructure investment, the AI capital expenditure of $12 billion this season exceeded expectations by $1.7 billion. Closely related to AI, the growth of cloud business, which is regarded as Google’s next growth engine, is still accelerating rapidly. Revenue in the first quarter increased by 28.4% year-on-year to $9.6 billion, which was higher than the analyst’s expectation of $9.37 billion, and doubled the overall revenue growth rate for several consecutive quarters. Although it ranks third in the market share of cloud computing, it is still trying to catch up with Amazon and Microsoft, but it is finally on the right track of turning losses into wins.

"In the past eight months, we have released more than 1,000 new products and functions in the field of cloud computing. At the Google Cloud Next conference, more than 300 customers and partners talked about their success in artificial intelligence on Google Cloud, including global brands such as Bayer, Mercedes-Benz and Wal-Mart. " Google CEO Sandel Pichai said at the earnings conference.

And the credit still has to be given to AI. Like Microsoft, more and more enterprises seek to deploy AI load on public cloud, and Google Cloud also provides customers with various generative artificial intelligence services through the Gemini model. Recently, a new CPU「Axion "based on Arm architecture was launched, aiming at improving the efficiency of cloud computing and reducing operating costs, and further strengthening Google’s competitiveness in the cloud market. Polat, CFO, stressed that "artificial intelligence is making an increasing contribution" to the sales of Google’s cloud division.

Pichai also believes that the transformation of artificial intelligence is a "golden opportunity", and the company is racing against time to integrate this technology into the whole business.At the Google Cloud Conference earlier this month, everything revolved around generative AI, further opened and optimized Gemini 1.5 Pro, and officially launched its own most powerful and expandable AI accelerator TPU v5p P.

In addition, the core advertising industry has also achieved steady improvement this quarter. Total revenue was $61.6 billion, a year-on-year increase of 13%. Among them, Google search and other advertising revenue was 46.2 billion US dollars, and YouTube advertising revenue was 8.1 billion US dollars, both of which achieved double-digit growth.

However, for Google, which is still positioned as a "search giant" in the market, the boost of generative AI may be a double-edged sword: on the one hand, Google is exploring new income channels such as advertising placement, independent subscription service and enterprise authorization through AI tools such as Gemini to adapt to market changes and needs. On the other hand, improving the generative search experience may affect the original advertising profitability. At the same time, the rookie of AI search engine represented by Perplexity also faces potential challenges.

In fact, compared with Microsoft and Meta, Google has not had an easy time these months. First, Gemini’s image generation function was forced to withdraw from the market because of racial discrimination, which once triggered a controversy about whether Pichai was qualified as CEO of Google. After paying a large amount of severance pay for layoffs, this week, 50 employees protesting against the company’s signing of a cloud computing contract with Israel were fired, causing internal riots.

In the midst of disputes and challenges, this beautiful financial report comes at the right time. Not only has it greatly boosted market confidence, but it also shows that Google has found the right direction in the AI ? ? era. With the recent reorganization of the artificial intelligence department and more attention to product speed, Google’s performance in the second half of the year is still expected.

After experiencing the "efficiency year" of business focus adjustment, department reorganization, artificial intelligence and layoffs and cost reduction, Meta made a beautiful turnaround with a revenue of 40.1 billion US dollars in the last quarter. The share price has soared by 140% in the past 12 months, far exceeding Google’s 50% and Microsoft’s 35%.

In this 2024 Q1, the social media giant, which just released a new generation of open source model Llama3, continued to reap the most brilliant first-quarter performance in history, with revenue and profit higher than Wall Street’s expectations.

The data shows that Meta’s total revenue in the quarter was US$ 36.46 billion, a year-on-year increase of 27%, the fastest growth rate in three years. Net profit increased by 117% year-on-year to US$ 12.37 billion, and diluted earnings per share was US$ 4.71, more than double that of US$ 2.2 in the same period last year.

Among them, advertising business is still the core income source of Meta, and the results are gratifying. It increased by 27% year-on-year to $35.64 billion, accounting for nearly 98% of the total revenue. The daily users of FoA increased by 7% year-on-year to 3.24 billion, and the advertising exposure also increased by 20%.

This is mainly due to the application of artificial intelligence technology, which significantly improves the accuracy of targeted advertising. According to Meta, at present, more than half of their advertising recommendations are driven by AI.

After falling to the bottom in 2022, Meta tried to regain the market share of digital advertising. Zuckerberg then launched an initiative to reorganize the advertising business, with the focus on using AI. Susan Li, CFO, once said that the company has been investing in AI models that can accurately predict user-related advertisements and tools that automate the advertising creation process.

In terms of software, Meta recently presented the "GPT-4 level" open source AI model king Llama 3, defeated Gemini 1.5 and Claude 3 in a number of benchmark tests, and upgraded the potential training parameters to 400B b. Widely used in different platforms and scenarios, and vowed to wash off LLM companies and API suppliers with free commercial blood. At the same time, Meta AI is integrated into family applications such as Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Ray-Ban smart glasses to provide users with more flexible and diverse assistant functions.

In terms of hardware, like every colleague who doesn’t want to be stuck, Meta not only stepped up the storage of NVIDIA chips, but also released the latest version of Training and Inference Accelerator (MTIA). Using TSMC’s 5nm process, focusing on strengthening AI reasoning, it is specially designed for the ranking and recommendation system of its social software, and its performance is three times higher than that of the previous generation. They also developed a large rack-mounted system that can accommodate up to 72 accelerators to support self-developed chips. Now they have been deployed in the data center of Meta to complement the commercial GPU.

With the cooperation of AI software and hardware, overseas retailers from China, such as Temu and Shein, also added a fire to Meta’s performance with huge investment in Facebook and Instagram advertisements. And with the approaching of the US presidential election in 2024, political advertising has surged. According to the latest forecast of AdImpact, this year will be the most expensive election cycle in American history, and the advertising expenditure is expected to reach 10.2 billion dollars.

At the same time, due to the annual efficiency adjustment plan, Meta laid off nearly 10% of its employees, and the total number of employees was 69,329 as of March 31, 2024.

In stark contrast to streamlined operations, Xiaozha’s more drastic artificial intelligence layout. In the face of the growing AI war in Silicon Valley, Meta raised its capital expenditure from the expected $30 billion to $37 billion to $35 billion to $40 billion in 2024 to "accelerate infrastructure construction to support the company’s AI roadmap" and continue to compete for top AI talents with high salaries to join the company’s technology research and development.

In addition, he seems to have a "obsession" with the meta-universe, saying that he will continue to invest in long-term goals and "build a virtual world full of incarnations." It should be noted that although the revenue of Reality Labs, which is responsible for VR/AR/MR and Metauniverse development, increased year-on-year, it still lost $3.8 billion, and the total loss has exceeded $45 billion since the end of 2020.

Various unstable factors, together with expanding AI expenditure and a lower-than-expected revenue outlook for the second quarter, have caused the market to worry about Meta’s future sustainable profitability. Despite handing over a super-bright performance answer sheet, Meta’s share price still fell.

And this does not seem to shake Zuckerberg’s determination to push AI. Just as the stock price is diving, the financial report phone will be opened as scheduled.

He firmly told investors that he would spare no expense to build Meta into "the world’s leading artificial intelligence company". It also revealed that Meta is actively exploring a variety of AI revenue-generating strategies, including providing enterprise-level services, introducing advertisements into AI interactions, and allowing people to pay for larger AI models and more access to computing resources. AI has also helped Meta to increase application participation, thus allowing more advertisements to be seen and directly improving advertisements to bring more value.

However, Xiaozha also bluntly said, "Building a leading AI will be a more arduous task than optimizing the application experience, and it may take several years."The implication is that although the long-term value of taking AI is full, don’t expect it to make big money immediately. The words directly scared the market to collapse. Meta’s share price plummeted by 18% after hours, and its market value shrank by nearly $200 billion.

This unexpected trend just reflects the current general attitude of Wall Street towards artificial intelligence: compared with a lot of AI investment, the market wants to see the balance between expenditure and growth, and looks forward to a clearer monetization signal.

However, for Meta, fully embracing AI technology and then applying it to social networks, advertising, metauniverse, wearable devices and other fields, even if it takes several years to turn into considerable profits, it is also determined to pay and wait. Zuckerberg blocked his future this time, and he won’t go back when he opens his bow.

Unlike Meta, which was plunged by the Nasdaq market, Microsoft gained momentum after its financial report was released. It rose by 5% after hours, and overtook Apple for the nth time to become the highest value company in the world.

As the first commercial track leader to bet on generative artificial intelligence, Microsoft’s performance is still firm, and all business indicators have exceeded expectations:

The total revenue was $61.86 billion, up 17% year-on-year, exceeding the previous official guideline of 14.5%. The net profit was $21.94 billion, up 20% from $18.3 billion in the same period last year. The adjusted earnings per share was $2.94, higher than the market expectation of $2.82.

Driven by the strong demand of AI, Intelligent Cloud, including Azure public cloud, Windows server, voice recognition software Nuance and GitHub, continued to live up to expectations, with revenue increasing by 21% year-on-year to $26.7 billion, higher than the market expectation of $26.25 billion. The growth rate was the highest in five fiscal quarters, and it also surpassed rivals Amazon AWS and Alphabet Google Cloud.

Among them, Azure and other cloud services increased by 31% year-on-year, and 7 percentage points came from AI contribution.

In this regard, CEO Nadella pointed out in a conference call that "Azure has become the center of AI projects, involving not only AI models, but also databases and other services. Many customers are using Microsoft platforms and tools to build their own AI solutions:

More than 65% of Fortune 500 companies are using Azure OpenAI service, and GitHub Copilot for developers has 1.8 million paid subscribers. 30,000 customers use Copilot Studio low-code tools to customize their own Copilot. "

In addition to intelligent cloud, since this is the first full quarter since Microsoft launched 365 Copilot generative artificial intelligence assistant to commercial customers last November, the market is also very concerned about the sales performance of Office suite.

Nadella said that Copilot has embedded the latest technology of OpenAI into Microsoft’s entire product line to provide customers with various value-added services. The data shows that the revenue of productivity and business process departments increased by 12% year-on-year to $19.6 billion in this quarter, of which the revenue of Office 365 increased by 15%, and the number of paid subscribers has reached 80.8 million. It is expected that it will continue to achieve steady growth in the next fiscal quarter-which shows that Microsoft has a solid foundation and remarkable achievements in the commercialization of AI software.

In addition, thanks to the acquisition of Activision Blizzard in October last year, Microsoft’s personal computing revenue, including game business, also achieved double-digit growth to $15.6 billion, and Xbox performance increased by 62% year-on-year.

Nadella confidently said: "Microsoft is leading a new era of AI transformation, bringing better business results to various roles and industries."

Since the beginning of this year, Microsoft has been making great moves in the field of AI. On the eve of the financial report, an exciting news was announced: on the basis of the 2020 cooperation agreement with Coca-Cola Company, we will continue to sign a five-year strategic contract worth $1.1 billion. Help it achieve further digital transformation through Microsoft Azure Cloud, Microsoft 365 Copilot tools and leading generative artificial intelligence technology.

Last week, Microsoft’s artificial intelligence empire expanded to the Middle East for the first time: it invested $1.5 billion in G42, an AI company in the United Arab Emirates, and obtained its minority stake and board seats. Meanwhile, G42 will run its AI applications and services on the Azure cloud computing platform.

In the layout of the big model, after spending $13 billion on OpenAI, Microsoft also decided not to spoil ChatGPT alone, but to open up more possibilities. In February, it was announced that it had reached an in-depth cooperation with Mistral AI, a French star AI startup, investing 150,000 euros and providing computing infrastructure to assist in large-scale model training and reasoning. Mistral has also become the second commercial closed-source model supplier of Microsoft besides OpenAI.

In March, after leading the latest round of financing for the artificial intelligence unicorn Infection AI, Microsoft directly poached its two co-founders and most of its technical staff. Mustafa Suleyman, the former CEO of Influence, was appointed as the CEO of Microsoft AI, a newly established artificial intelligence department, responsible for integrating consumer toC products, including Copilot, Bing and Edge, and reporting directly to Nadella. Another co-founder Karen Simonyan joined as the chief scientist. One operation not only obtained the authorization of Influence technology, but also completed the talent acquisition of "hollowing out" level, which once shocked the industry.

In terms of hardware, in addition to introducing two new Surface as the next generation AIPC, Microsoft is also developing a new network card similar to NVIDIA ConnectX-7 to support the self-developed Maia 100. It also plans to hoard 1.8 million AI chips by the end of this year and triple the number of GPUs. Significant progress has also been made in building a data center worth up to $100 billion with OpenAI and building a supercomputer called "Stargate".

Bet on a number of mainstream large model development teams, make great strides in data processing capabilities, coupled with the stronger technical advantages after the launch of GPT-5, Microsoft has a stable position in the Jianghu.

Looking at the new round of financial performance of Meta, Alphabet and Microsoft, it is not difficult to see that generative artificial intelligence has penetrated into all aspects of the business pipeline and become the core engine driving enterprise growth.

Microsoft’s success is particularly typical, with a number of AI software and hardware forward-looking layout firmly in the top spot, and various businesses take off at high speed.

Although Meta’s huge AI investment makes investors jumpy, it is still unknown whether it can realize commercial profit as soon as possible, but the advertising revenue boosted by AI has achieved initial results. With Llama’s big model and computing power blessing, Zuckerberg’s determination and ambition to build a global AI leader should not be underestimated.

As for big brother Google, it finally found its own rhythm in the AI ? ? war. Weapons such as Gemini and TPU have sharpened their swords and are ready to accelerate the search for new growth points in the AI wave.

The judgment of the three giants on the development direction of artificial intelligence is surprisingly consistent, and they all offered a gamble of real money to invest in this future technological change. Standing on the cusp of the times, how high and how far AI can finally take them, the eyes of the global technology industry will look here.

(The cover picture is from Josh Edelson/AFP via Getty Images)

Editor’s Note: This article comes from the column of Radar Finance in Entrepreneurship State. Author: Zhang Kai Jing, Editor: Deep Sea, Source: Turtles.

Thousands of takeaway riders are not only trapped in the system, but also trapped in the employment relationship.

Recently, Beijing Zhicheng Legal Aid and Research Center for Migrant Workers released a 57-page Legal Research Report on the Employment Mode of Takeaway Platform (hereinafter referred to as the Report), which revealed the complex and rapid evolution of the employment mode of Takeaway Platform in the past 10 years, and gradually developed into 3 categories and 8 main modes.

Through the change of mode, the take-away platform has successfully stripped away the labor costs and employment risks brought by riders, and separated them layer by layer. Through a series of superficial legal arrangements and cooperation with distributors/crowdsourcing service companies and flexible employment platforms, the labor relations of riders have been broken step by step, thus quietly pushing them to the edge of rights protection.

Nowadays, the legal isolation effect between the take-away platform and the distributor/crowdsourcing service company is remarkable, and the recognition rate of the take-away platform is basically controlled within 1%.

Shao Moumou has been a "hungry" special rider since October 2017, and is engaged in full-time take-away delivery in Beijing. In the middle of the night of April 2019, Shao Moumou had just delivered the last order. Just as he was riding an electric car on the side of the road, waiting for the backstage approval to get off work at 12 o’clock, a large truck with high beam lights came on. Subsequently, Shao Moumou fell into the big pit in front of the road, causing serious injuries.

Because there was no money for medical treatment in Beijing, Shao Moumou returned to his hometown for treatment and support, and confirmed that the accident had constituted a level 9 disability after half a year. At this point, Shao hopes to determine the work-related injury, but the search for employers has become a major problem.

After entrusting Zhicheng Center to seek legal aid, Shao Moumou quickly won the labor arbitration in Beijing and successfully confirmed the labor relationship with Dias Company, which belongs to the site. But a week later, Shao Moumou received the news that Dias Company filed a lawsuit against him in Chongqing, where it was registered.

After the change of the litigation place, the litigation result has also changed. In November, 2020 and May, 2021, Shao Moumou lost the first trial and the second trial in succession, despite the help of Zhicheng Sichuan Legal Aid Station for Migrant Workers, and the hope of obtaining compensation for work-related injuries was basically dashed. But Zhicheng did not give up.

The day before Zhicheng published the Report, the fifth legal procedure in this case had just started. Because Diaz Company once said in Chongqing that it had outsourced the relevant distribution business to Taichang Company, and Shao Moumou’s salary has been paid by Taichang Company, the current prosecution object of Zhicheng is Taichang, and it is jointly and severally liable for being hungry.

"When the case hit the middle, we were once desperate because we couldn’t find an employer, which just shows the complexity and seriousness of the system. Workers have been injured for more than two years, and legal proceedings have gone on for more than one year. Is it necessary to pay such a huge price after the rights and interests of workers are hurt? " Tong Lihua, director of Beijing Zhicheng Law Firm and member of the legal expert database of Beijing Municipal Committee, said.

Yan Lihua also said that during the whole process, the platform did not see any reflection, did not express any apologies to the injured workers, and did not have any opinions on this process and how many workers solved related problems. Even proposed to lose money, but if you are hungry, the platform doesn’t want to sign any words, just want to take money to sign a confidentiality agreement and solve the case.

As a professional legal aid institution for migrant workers, Zhicheng Center realizes that Shao’s hardship is a concrete epitome of tens of millions of take-away riders, which is essentially caused by the complex form of the employment mode of the take-away platform in reality, but these complicated legal relationships hidden in the take-away system have not been fully revealed and discussed so far.

In order to fully understand the employment mode of take-away platform and related problems, Beijing Zhicheng Legal Aid and Research Center for Migrant Workers conducted field visits for nearly three months, had in-depth exchanges with industry experts, and with the help of more than 50 volunteers with professional backgrounds such as law, economics and computer science, formulated a Report containing 1,907 valid judgments.

Radar Finance has learned that the Report has made a detailed analysis of the three categories and eight modes of employment of take-away platforms in the past decade.

Before the take-away platform appeared, restaurants usually hired their own employees to deliver; After the appearance of the take-away platform, the take-away staff turned to be recruited by the platform. In the early stage of the scale of the take-away market, the platform will still attract a large number of laborers to flood into the distribution market with generous treatment. At this point, a formal labor contract relationship will still be established directly between the takeaway and the platform.

At this stage, the platform may also adopt the mode of labor dispatch, that is, a labor dispatch company is added between the rider and the platform. However, China’s "Labor Contract Law" guarantees that the labor dispatching unit and the employing unit shall bear joint and several liability for compensation when the workers are damaged.

In the middle stage of the development of take-away platforms, the cost of transportation capacity has increased greatly, but the platforms have been "rolled up" badly, so optimizing the transportation capacity structure has become the first choice for major platforms, and crowdsourcing mode has emerged.

However, the court almost never finds that crowdsourcing riders have a labor relationship with the take-away platform, even when the take-away platform directly signs a cooperation agreement with crowdsourcing riders. Because crowdsourcing riders have a very high degree of freedom, the use and management of the platform is very different from the employment management in the labor law.

After the take-away platform cooperates with crowdsourcing service companies and further "legally isolates" itself from crowdsourcing riders, it is even more impossible for the court to identify the labor relationship between the platform and crowdsourcing riders. Only in a few scenes, the court will find that there is a labor relationship between crowdsourcing service company and crowdsourcing rider, such as the rider engaged in full-time distribution on a single take-away platform, and the scene caused serious damage.

It is worth mentioning that the ability of these crowdsourcing service companies to resist risks is open to question. One of the crowdsourcing service companies of Hummingbird crowdsourcing has a registered capital of only 50,000 yuan, which has not been paid in full. In the first half of 2021, it was listed as an executor of dishonesty twice.

After the emergence of crowdsourcing, the "regular army" of the platform was also outsourced to distributors, but a large number of distributors required riders to sign contract agreements, cooperation agreements and part-time agreements during the entry process, which greatly affected the identification of labor relations and the protection of rights and interests of escort riders. At the same time, the existence of the distributor also makes the complaint that the special delivery rider wants the take-away platform to bear the responsibility of the employer end in failure.

On this basis, some distributors subcontract all or part of their distribution business to other companies or even individuals, forming a complex outsourcing network. This makes the takeaway platform clear the legal relationship with the special rider.

What Shao Moumou encountered was the network outsourcing model after multi-layer evolution. After a series of moves, the rider’s labor relationship has been completely dismembered, and it is increasingly difficult for the court to determine the employer in judicial practice.

However, this is not the ultimate form of the evolution of employment mode. In recent reports, many special riders have been registered as individual industrial and commercial households, which directly changes the employment relationship between riders and distributors into the equal cooperation relationship between riders and flexible employment platforms and distributors, and the platform is almost impossible to be recognized as an employer.

More than 1900 judgments have also proved the above evolution. According to the statistics of the Report, among the 1,907 valid judgments, there were 1,719 cases involving the US delegation and being hungry, including more than 1,500 cases involving exclusive riders and less than 200 cases involving crowdsourcing riders.

The first condition for the protection of the labor rights and interests of the rider is to confirm the labor relationship with the employer. At first, when the take-out platform was self-employed, the rate of the rider’s recognition of labor could reach 100%. When the take-out platform outsourced the business to a first-class distributor, the rate of the rider’s recognition of labor dropped to 81.93%. When the distributor outsourced the business again, the rate of the rider’s recognition of labor further dropped to 47.46%.

Among them, there is the problem of identifying labor relations and objects. After the take-away platform changed from self-management to outsourcing, the probability of being identified as an employer dropped sharply from 100% to 0.32%, and it dropped to 0 when it was in the mode of individual industrial and commercial households. The distributor also successfully reduced the court’s recognition rate from 81.93% to 47.46% and 58.62% through outsourcing and individual industrial and commercial households.

In infringement cases, almost all the employer’s responsibilities that the take-away platform had to bear were transferred to the distributor/crowdsourcing service company, which was reduced from 100% of the platform’s self-operated and labor dispatch to less than 15%.

Based on this, the Report puts forward several major challenges of the take-away employment mode, namely, the cooperative employment mode artificially breaks the labor relationship, the rights and responsibilities of the take-away platform are not unified, the distributor market is fragile and gradually distorted, the protection of rider’s labor data and personal information is not in place, and the crowdsourcing mode changes from flexible employment to sticky employment.

Regarding the problems shown in the Report, Tong Lihua believes that the labor contract law and social insurance law should be revised as soon as possible, and the main responsibility of platform enterprises should be clarified.

"The platform manages and supervises the riders in real time through algorithms and digitalization, and has mastered all the data and enjoyed the greatest benefits. But now the platform throws all the main responsibilities to others, which is inappropriate. I agree that the platform will assign responsibilities to other cooperative companies through agreements, but in this process, the platform still has to bear the main responsibility. What’s the point of doing some so-called public welfare while evading and shirking the responsibility of labor and employment that you should bear? "

Zhicheng pointed out that the take-away platform should ensure that the special riders establish formal labor relations, and set up qualification requirements and access thresholds for cooperative companies. You can refer to the regulations of the construction industry and prohibit the cooperative company from subcontracting or outsourcing the main business part.

Tong Lihua also suggested that the state carry out special governance to promote enterprises to improve the reform of the employment system.

Specifically, we can conduct a comprehensive survey of distributors in the market, or take joint investigation actions against the flexible employment market to strengthen the supervision of the statutory obligations of employers and the registration and audit mechanism of individual industrial and commercial households.

In addition, Tong Lihua also advocated that more organizations should join the team to help workers defend their rights. "Trade unions can promote participation in relevant law enforcement work, and we also need more professional public service organizations to safeguard the rights and interests of workers."

Yu Shaoxiang, an expert on social security policy and chief researcher of innovation engineering at the Institute of Social Development Strategy of China Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out that the Report is solid and its conclusions and suggestions are operable. In the next step, we can further study which legal provisions need to be revised and how to amend them, so as to achieve better results.

Radar Finance noted that following July, the General Administration of Market Supervision, the National Network Information Office, the National Development and Reform Commission and other seven departments jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Responsibility of Online Catering Platforms and Effectively Safeguarding the Rights and Interests of Take-away Food Delivery Workers, on September 10, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and other four departments interviewed 10 platforms, including Meituan, Hungry and Didi, with the guidance platform as the main content of how to protect the rights and interests of workers.

Radar Finance will continue to pay attention to whether the employment mode that separates layers and gradually strips off platform risks will actually return to the route of protecting workers’ rights and interests, or will continue to evolve into new "variants".

This article is published by Entrepreneurial State authorized by the columnist, and the copyright belongs to the original author. The article is the author’s personal opinion and does not represent the position of the entrepreneurial state. Please contact the original author for reprinting. If you have any questions, please contact editor@cyzone.cn.

Special feature of 1905 film network　Compared with the domestic animated film Nezha, which has won nearly 1 billion box office in just a few days, the new version of The Lion King, which was adapted from Disney animation, is somewhat "acclimatized". Up to now, the box office in the Mainland has just exceeded 800 million. No one’s all-CG "real lion version" adaptation form also appeared on the big screen for the first time, which caused a lot of controversy.

Netizen’s homemade "Lion King" animation style Xiao Simba

Audiences who are familiar with Disney will be familiar with the "live-action version" of animated films. There are princess series such as Cinderella, Beauty and the Beast, Sleeping Curse, etc., which have captured the hearts of many young girls, and later include Dumbo, Aladdin and Fantasy Forest. The live-action version of Mulan, starring China movie star Liu Yifei, has been occupying the hot search list for many days.

What many people don’t know, however, is that the source of Disney’s animated adaptation of live-action movies should be traced back to jungle book in 1994, and Fantasy Forest, which was released in 16 years, was also adapted from the The Jungle Book. The hero of the film is also a Chinese movie star — — Jason Scott Lee.

A real person, lion, wolf, elephant and monkey version of jungle book.

It’s just that the movie didn’t cause much response after it was released. Disney didn’t arrange such a huge animation adaptation plan for live-action movies until Alice in Wonderland and Sleeping Curse made a good box office.

Disney live-action adaptation movie box office list

Animation adaptation of real-life film and television works has always been a way of film and television production. Excellent original paintings have accumulated audiences and word of mouth, but it is not easy to break through the limitations of comics and gain more audiences. For example, the word-of-mouth and box office of The Lion King have formed a huge gap, which is not conducive to the subsequent expansion of the Lion King IP.

In China, there are also a large number of film and television works adapted from live-action versions, among which there are many excellent classics and wonderful works.

Let Xiao Dianjun take you to find out.

Anime adaptation of the live-action movie China existed 70 years ago.

As early as 1948, we had already made a cartoon adaptation of a live-action movie — — San Mao, played by Wang Longji, is also the first real-life cartoon image on the screen in China. Zhang Leping created Sanmao in 1935. He is thin and short, with only three hairs on his head. He can only make a living by selling newspapers, polishing shoes and being an apprentice, but he still struggles hard with life. He can be said to be the epitome of suffering children in the old society.

The comic book "San Mao Joining the Army" was published in Shanghai Shenbao in 1946, which was a sensation. Another masterpiece, The Wandering of Sanmao, was serialized in Ta Kung Pao the following year. Sanmao written by Zhang Leping aroused strong social repercussions because it reflected profound social contradictions. In those days, life was hard, and people needed people with the spirit of "Xiaoqiang" like San Mao.

In 1948, the film "San Mao Wandering"

In 1948, Sanmao first went from comic books to the big screen. Of course, the film experienced many twists and turns from production to release, including stopping shooting, hiding in the snow and continuing shooting, and finally was released in December 1949. On the eve of founding ceremony, as the first step of the official release of the new China, the film "San Mao’s Wandering Tale" was first released in Shanghai Daguangming, Maggie and other theaters. During the two months of continuous screening in Shanghai, it was full.

In the 1980s, this film also participated in a series of European exhibitions, and caused a sensation at Cannes Film Festival. It was shown in six cinemas in Paris for 60 days, followed by another month. At this year’s Shanghai International Film Festival, a 4k restored version of San Mao’s Wandering Story also appeared in the screening unit.

According to statistics, there are more than 50 kinds of comic books about Sanmao’s image, and the cumulative printing quantity exceeds 10 million copies. On the basis of the adaptation of the original comics and movies, a series of film and television dramas about Sanmao have emerged. It was adapted into a movie twice in 1958 and 1980, a TV series twice in 1996 and 1999, and an animation by CCTV in 2006.

The reason why Sanmao can become a national classic children’s figure is closely related to the time when he was created and the lack of people’s entertainment resources, so the derived adaptation works can last for nearly 60 years.

These wonderful adaptation forms may be unheard of by you.

The big move of Disney animation adaptation film is to restart the classic IP and harvest a new wave of young audiences. Although according to the box office of The Lion King and Aladdin, Disney has achieved its goal, but this new wine in a bottle is also a double-edged sword, and Disney’s creativity may disappear with the adaptation.

The technology of real people +CGI can make the scenes in animation vivid, but many years ago, the imaginative space that animation could give the audience was stifled by the "animal telling people" that was too realistic and inconsistent.

If cartoons and animations are well received and widely spread before adaptation, it will be difficult for the live-action version to surpass the original. The preconceived idea will make the audience unconsciously compare the real person with the cartoon character, and once the deviation of the real person’s casting is too large, the reputation of the whole work may collapse.

Live-action version of Big Head Son and Little Head Dad

In 2018, Ying Da made the national animation "Big Head Son and Little Head Dad" into a sitcom. Although the animation series also launched a restart version of the drama series and 3D movies before, the images of big head son and little head dad also maintained a consistent "animation style".

This sitcom uses live actors instead of special effects, which will inevitably lead to the "smaller head" of the big-headed son, and the little-headed father played by Chen Chuang has nothing to lose, so this drama has no interest.

Little head dad, big head son and apron mom are three.

Just like the big-headed son doesn’t have a "big head", the apron mother just wears an apron. This way, there is no way to fool the original audience of comics.

Since the use of real-life realism has been criticized, the original image has lost its charm, so how do these "surreal" images behave?

Old Master Q shows off his skills.

Old Master Q, a Hong Kong cartoon, has been adapted into a real movie for many years, and the most influential one is The Professor 2001 directed by Qiu Litao and produced by Tsui Hark. The film adopts a combination of real people and animation, using CG technology to make Old Master Q, sweet potato and "Feng Zhi" group contract stage drag show.

The form of using real people to play real people and using special effects to make "dummies" really brought a refreshing feeling to the audience in that year, and finally gained a box office score of 18.36 million Hong Kong dollars, ranking among the top ten in Hong Kong box office in 2001. It has also achieved a leap in Hong Kong’s film special effects technology.

Old Master Q, sweet potato and Cecilia Cheung.

The adaptation of the following films is even more "nonsense" — — The switch of honey juice between human pig and Jin Roh: The Wolf Brigade also puzzled the audience.

"Springfield Flower Reunion" BiBi Zhou plays McDull when he grows up.

In 2006, the popular McDull series was remake into a live-action movie "Springfield Flower Reunion". BiBi Zhou, who has just made her debut as a "super girl", plays a girl who forgets her childhood heart and finally realizes that she was a pig when she was a child after being tortured by robbers.

The film takes the form of two-dimensional animation and a brand-new original story of real people, forcibly treating the animation part as a fragment of memories. In the end, the film did not gain traffic and word of mouth because of the blessing of a number of Hong Kong and Taiwan stars, and was even regarded as a failure of the McDull series.

The lazy sheep and the gray taro couple crossed

The adaptation form of real people’s happiness and big Wolf movies is even more surprising — — This time, Big Wolf and Pleasant Goat crossed into the real world to rescue Little Grey, and turned into human beings.

Wang Xun becomes a big wolf.

Although Wang Xun’s acting skills can fully support the role of Big Wolf, it is still difficult to connect the real person with the wolf without acting. Wang Xun dyed a yellow hair and combed his hair back in order to be close to Big Big Wolf in color matching, but his trademark rabbit teeth can’t really show the sinister wolf nature.

Whether McDull, Pleasant Goat or Big Big Wolf, the original cartoons are all positioned in children, so the adapted film and television works are also geared to younger audiences.

However, in contrast to Disney’s "live version" films, the original animation also tells fairy tales, but after being adapted from reality, it attracts audiences of all ages to enter the cinema.

　In recent years, with the gradual maturity of China’s film market, the animation-adapted live-action films are gradually getting rid of the style of being young and young, and the audience has turned from children and teenagers to the adult market, and many excellent quality works have emerged, "Fuck off! Tumor jun, Get My Brother Away, Animal World and other films can achieve a double harvest in word-of-mouth box office. Apart from the star joining, they also benefit from the adaptation of the story.

"Black Cat Sheriff" animation film

In 2015, it was reported that Lu Chuan was going to direct a live-action version of Sheriff Black Cat.

Now nearly five years have passed, and there is no progress in the film. We may expect that China can also make a "real cat version" of Sheriff Black Cat in the future.

Sun Xi

1905 movie network news A few days ago, Sun Xi, a Beijing people’s art actress who was loved by the audience for her role as "Aunt Xi" in Empresses in the Palace, published a long article in Weibo on the question "Why even the best actors have uncontrollable roles", and put forward her own profound and unique opinions. Taking her personal experience as a case, she objectively analyzed the reasons why it is difficult for actors to overlap with each role 100%, which attracted praises from netizens.

I don’t know when the trend of using "one person with thousands of faces" to describe idol acting suddenly rose in the pink circle, and various fans have developed different titles. For a time, no matter whether it is small fresh meat or old bones, everyone plays like what, and each one is "one person with thousands of faces".

Searching for "one person with thousands of faces" in Baidu has many results.

The problem is that although "one person has thousands of faces, it is the greatest praise for an actor and the dream that many actors have been pursuing". The difference between an ideal and a dream is that what you can achieve through hard work is an ideal, and what you can’t achieve through hard work is basically a dream. This time, professional actors finally stood up and told us with objective and rational brushstrokes: "Even the best actors do have roles that they can’t control."

Sun Xi published a long article in Weibo.

In the long article, Sun Xi deeply analyzed the objective factors that it is difficult for even a particularly excellent actor to be 100% coincident with every role.

I will also share my personal experience in college as a case, which shows that the lack of subjective conditions will also affect the actor’s interpretation of the role.

With clear logic and well-founded reply, Sun Xi has been praised by many people in the industry and also praised by netizens: "I have known you since Feng Yuan, and your favorite performance in the world is Feng Yuan. From Feng Yuan to Park Sunseeker, it feels like your growth as a good actor, and you should play a role that suits you at the right age." "Goddess, you should go further and further on the road to being a good actor."

Therefore, in fact, fans really don’t need to boast that idols are "one person with thousands of faces". As actors, every stage of life has a mentality at each stage, and there will be roles suitable for each stage. Grasping the present, shooting every play well, taking every role seriously, looking back on your career one day and putting all the roles together are naturally irrefutable "one person has thousands of faces."