The Guangzhou Auto Show opened on November 15, with the world’s first 78 cars

The 22nd Guangzhou International Auto Show (hereinafter referred to as "Guangzhou International Auto Show") will be held from November 15 to 24, 2024 at the China Import and Export Fair Complex (hereinafter referred to as "Canton Fair Complex").

This year’s Guangzhou International Auto Show will use two indoor exhibition halls, A and D of the Canton Fair Exhibition Hall, the outdoor exhibition area of the North and South Plaza and the Canton Fair Hall. The scale of the exhibition reaches 220,000 square meters, which will reach a record high.

There are 512 new energy vehicles among the 1,171 exhibition vehicles

It is understood that the exhibition period of the commercial vehicle exhibition area, automobile industry chain and automobile culture exhibition area is from November 15 to 18, 2024. November 15, 2024 is the media day, open only to domestic and foreign media and special guests; November 16 to 17, 2024 is the professional audience day, tickets are 100 yuan; November 18 to 24, 2024 is the public day, tickets are 50 yuan.

At present, the global automobile industry is experiencing the most profound and fundamental changes in a century. The development trend of new energy and intelligent networking of automobiles is in full swing, the connotation and extension of automobiles are expanding day by day, and China has also transformed from the world’s largest automobile market to the largest driving force for the transformation of the global automobile industry. In 2023, our country’s automobile production and sales reached the level of 30 million for the first time, jumping to become the world’s largest automobile exporter. The production and sales of new energy vehicles exceeded 9 million, accounting for more than 60% of the world, ranking first in the world for 9 consecutive years.

According to reports, this year’s Guangzhou International Auto Show has a total of 78 global first cars, including 6 first cars from multinational companies; the total number of cars on display is 1,171, including 512 new energy vehicles. China’s new energy vehicles with electrification and intelligence as the core have become a new driving force for the high-quality development of the automotive industry.

Global mainstream automakers will debut with the highest specifications

This year’s auto show has attracted the attention of the international automotive industry, and the world’s mainstream car companies will appear at the Guangzhou International Auto Show with the highest specifications. Vehicle companies from all over the world will gather in the passenger car exhibition area of Guangzhou International Auto Show to bring the latest automotive technology products to global audiences.

Including BMW and MINI, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen brands (Volkswagen Anhui, FAW-Volkswagen, Volkswagen Imported Cars, SAIC Volkswagen), FAW Audi, SAIC Audi joint booth, smart, Ford, SAIC GM (Buick, Cadillac), Lincoln, Volvo, Dowlange, FAW Toyota, GAC Toyota, Lexus, Dongfeng Honda, GAC Honda, Dongfeng Nissan, Dongfeng Infiniti, Changan Mazda, Hyundai and Beijing Hyundai, Kia, Jiangling and other international mainstream car brands will be concentrated.

各国内汽车集团及品牌均携全系列产品大规模参加本届车展,一汽红旗、一汽奔腾、东风汽车(风神、奕派、纳米)、东风风行、上汽荣威、上汽名爵、上汽大通、五菱、宝骏、长安汽车、北汽集团(极狐汽车、北京汽车)、广汽集团(广汽传祺、埃安AION、昊铂)均将在广州亮相。奇瑞、捷途、星途、吉利、翼真、领克、哈弗、长城炮、魏牌、坦克、比亚迪集团(王朝/海洋、腾势、方程豹、仰望)、JAC江汽集团、212越野车等企业也将携自己的重磅产品登上广州国际车展的舞台。

NIO蔚来、小鹏、理想、小米、鸿蒙智行、岚图、猛士、阿维塔、深蓝、极氪、赛力斯、iCAR、智己汽车、飞凡汽车、零跑、极越、极石、乐道、哪吒汽车、睿蓝、欧拉、宁德时代等新能源汽车品牌也将同场竞技。

与此同时,众多豪华车品牌也将登上广州国际车展的展台。包括保时捷、兰博基尼、宾利、路特斯等欧美顶级豪华品牌集中高规格展出。此外,还有福建奔驰、罗伦士、克蒂汽车、虏曼、巴菲特等众多豪华改装车、高端商务改装及房车也将在广州国际车展精彩登场。

新时代汽车全产业链精彩呈现

作为覆盖汽车全产业链的行业顶级盛会,2024广州国际商用车展览会将在广交会展馆D区同期举办。

数据显示,2023年新能源商用车的整体渗透率为11.3%,其中新能源轻型商用车渗透率超过12%,新能源重型商用车渗透率为8.6%,预计今年中国新能源商用车的渗透率将超过15%。

In this year’s Guangzhou International Commercial Vehicle Exhibition, mainstream commercial vehicle companies represented by FAW Jiefang, CIMC Vehicles, Nanjing Iveco, Jianghuai, Jiangling, Dongfeng Xiaokang, Xinyuan, etc. will bring intelligent trucks, hydrogen energy and power exchange heavy trucks, new energy logistics vehicles, lightweight vans, cold chain transport vehicles, pickup truck modified special vehicles and various RVs, presenting the audience with the latest products in line with the development direction of new productivity.

In addition, this year’s Guangzhou International Auto Show has also planned an automotive industry chain and automotive culture exhibition area in Area D.

The automobile industry chain and automobile culture exhibition area has been upgraded from the original Guangzhou International Auto Show auto parts and supplies exhibition area, conforming to the new direction of electric and intelligent development of the automobile industry, and planning new themes such as electric motor control, charging energy storage, automatic driving, intelligent cockpit, ecological interconnection, artificial intelligence, etc.

At the same time, relying on the resource advantages of the Guangzhou International Auto Show, a joint professional organization has set up a special exhibition area of automobile culture in the outdoor South Square, which brings more diverse automobile culture experiences to the audience by displaying a large number of cars with historical and storytelling feelings.

The two major professional exhibition areas and the passenger car exhibition area form a complete automotive industry chain, focusing on the development of new quality productivity in the automotive industry and establishing a new benchmark for high-quality development in the automotive industry.

The International Automotive Industry Development Conference was held concurrently

During the exhibition, a number of automotive industry summit forums, salons and industry seminars will be held concurrently, from government departments, the global automotive industry, international tech giants and related industries, leading figures, experts and scholars gathered together to discuss the global industry development trend from their own unique perspectives, build an industrial development community, promote industrial integration, accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the automotive industry, and add new momentum to the sustainable development of the global automotive industry.

The 2024 Guangzhou Automotive Development Summit, an international automotive industry event jointly organized by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade Automotive Industry Branch and the China Foreign Trade Center, will be grandly held at the Canton Fair Hall from November 15 to 16.

The "Automotive Innovation Conference", co-sponsored by the Investment Promotion Bureau of the Ministry of Commerce, the Automotive Industry Branch of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade and the China Foreign Trade Center, will be held at the Canton Fair Hall on November 16.

Cover image source: Daily Economic News, photo by Liu Guomei (data map)

The five major scenes of "First Love in a Cycle" are full of suspense and brain-burning, but the mobile phone and snacks have all passed through.

The first love in a cycle was launched, which attracted a large audience with its unique story and suspenseful plot.

First Love in Cycle is adapted from DTT’s best-selling novel The Time Machine, which mainly tells the sweet adventures of Ye Youning and Sunflower Girl. No matter in which time and space, they all have an intersection, which confirms the title of "circular first love" Ye Youning traveled back to the time and space in 2006, which was also his happiest and most carefree time and space. In that time and space, he and Xia Wenxi were deskmates, and they were also each other’s first love.

However, many netizens said that "First Love in a Cycle" hit "I Want to See You". It is best not to use double speed when watching this drama, otherwise the plot will not connect. The man and the woman are talking in different time and space, relying on a mobile phone. Something happened in 2006 changed the status quo of the man in 2019, so the man in 2019 asked the woman to stop the man in 2006. The acting skills of Shi Baiyu and Amy are also very natural, and the scenes of their student days are not inconsistent at all.

There are only 24 episodes of "First Love in a Cycle", and there are already five scenes in the middle of the series. Let’s find them together.

The first shot: the sun shines while it thunders.

Ye Youning traveled through the time and space in 2006, and he once again became a deskmate with the hostess Xia Wenxi. In the time and space of 2006, he couldn’t attend class with peace of mind, and he was worried about his real grandfather.

Ye Youning has been thinking about how to cross back, and he told Xia Wenxi about it. As a result, Xia Wenxi of Grade Two actually believed it, and the two of them tried many ways together.

One day, Ye Youning went home early and wanted to cross back. At this time, there was lightning and thunder. Ye Youning said goodbye to his grandfather and ran to his house to wait for the good news. As a result, he did not cross back. In addition, Mr. Wang in the class announced that Ye Youning got 143 points, another got 135 points, and the rest didn’t do well.

If you look closely, you will see that it thunders and the sun shines high. This is the same place. Obviously, this is a goof shot.

The second goof shot: the physical book has also passed through?

In 2006, Ye Youning was bent on crossing back to reality, and as a result, he had a small car accident and lost his memory. Ye Youning of Time and Space in 2019 got in touch with Xia Wenxi in 2006. Ye Youning of Time and Space in 2019 told Xia Wenxi that he must stop Ye Youning of Time and Space in 2006 from attending the physics lecture. Xia Wenxi tried every means to obstruct after receiving the task.

Once she ran to the bookstore, a quick shot flashed in the bookstore, that is, the novel "Time Machine", which is the original work of "First Love in a Cycle".

The time and space was in 2006, and the novel Time Machine was published in May 2010. Obviously, this is also a goof shot. The man not only passed through, but also the physical book. This brain hole is also big enough.

The third shot: Wang satiated online celebrity snacks also crossed.

Xia Wenxi wants Ye Youning to join the basketball team, but Ye Youning doesn’t want to. At that time, they were all in time and space in 2006. In order for Ye Youning to take part in the competition, Xia Wenxi thought of many ways that didn’t work. I had to impress Ye Youning with delicious food, so the monitor gave her a score.

Pay attention to their time and space in 2006, while online celebrity Snack King has been a snack for nearly two years, which is probably around 2018. It seems that online celebrity snacks have also crossed!

The fourth shot: Bicycles run faster than buses?

Tingting, the female number two, is a schoolmaster. She likes the male number two silently. One morning, Tingting got on the bus. Outside the window, Male No.2 was riding a bicycle.

Tingting, with a happy face, expressed her unrequited love very vividly. If you take a closer look, you will see that Tingting’s bus is almost at the same speed as that of Male Two’s bike. This goof is speechless. It may be parallel for a few seconds, but then the bus is much faster. It should be that the crew dozed off and forgot to show this shot.

The fifth goof shot: Can mobile phones send questions in 2006?

In 2006, how Xia Wenxi persuaded Ye Youning in time and space, he didn’t have a heart, and he wouldn’t take part in the basketball game. So, she had a brainwave and let Ye Youning in 2019 debut, which may be difficult for him.

Sure enough, Ye Youning of Time and Space in 2019 gave a question, and the answer was 0. Indeed, in 2006, Ye Youning of Time and Space got the wrong answer and was willing to admit defeat, so Ye Youning had to take part in the competition.

However, in 2006, the mobile phone was not a smart machine, so it was impossible to send a question at all. Xiaobian had to laugh for three seconds for this shot.

The current car price of 2023 Dodge Challenger Hellcat Tianjin Port dropped by 1 million.



  In terms of appearance, With a streamlined body and a bold front face design, every detail exudes a strong sports atmosphere. Whether it is a wide air intake, a flat roof or a personalized tail shape, it shows its distinctive personality and sense of strength. When sitting in the driver’s seat, you will feel as powerful as mastering a superhero!

 

In terms of power, this car can really satisfy all your fantasies about speed! From the entry-level SXT model to the ultimate version of Redeye, every version is a beast! SXT is equipped with a 3.6-liter PentastarV6 engine, and the 0-100km/h acceleration takes only 6 seconds! Hellcat’s red eye is even more horrible. With 797 horsepower and 707 pound-feet of torque, it can accelerate 0-100km/h in 3.4 seconds! Oh, my God, this is a racing car that is legally on the road.

 

The 23 Dodge Challenger SXT versions adopt the latest design concept of the Dodge family, and the overall shape is more sporty. The instrument panel is designed with a combination of double instrument panels and LCD screens, and the center console is split and equipped with a central LCD screen. It has a sporty atmosphere, including a bottom steering wheel, sports seats, carbon fiber-like interior parts and aluminum alloy decorative panels.

 

                                         

In terms of power transmission, Dodge provided the new car with an eight-speed automatic transmission. In terms of suspension, keeping the side up is an independent suspension with a five-bar linkage at the back. In order to help reduce the image of a straight-line hero, Challenger also provides various performance suspension and braking components with excellent functions, including Bilstein impact, lower driving height and new steering adjustment.

 

                             

                            

The 23 challengers will get a 3.6-liter Pentastar V-6 engine, which will be used in SXT, SXT 0AWD, GT and GT AWD versions. The peak output power is 305 HP, the torque is 268 lb-ft (about 363 Nm), the city fuel rate is 19 mph, and the expressway is 30 mph. 

    

                           






The 2023 Dodge Challenger has a discount of 410,000 cars.

  Welcome to Tianjin Hengtai Luxury Car Customization Center. The company’s special personnel are stationed abroad all the year round to purchase and send directly to China: the main products are American-made, Middle East-made and European-made models, all of which provide the goods import certificate and vehicle conformity certificate issued by the customs, and the on-board inspection forms and invoices of imported motor vehicles, which have been settled in five countries and six regions of the country normally. Main brands:, Bentley, Mercedes-Benz, Land Rover, BMW,, and other high-end brand car companies mainly handle business: sales of parallel imported vehicles, professional car modification, licensing on behalf of the whole country, and car purchase by installment by private households in Gong Hu all over the country (with low interest rate and quick payment), regardless of regions, with simple procedures.

  Contact: 17199687777 Shengwei [WeChat Synchronization]

  Challenger comes standard with complete configuration: skylight braking support in rainy days, ESC electronic stability control system, steep slope start-up auxiliary system, ROM electronic anti-roll device, hydraulic brake booster, ABS, active headrest, rear 60/40 folding seat, child lock reserve, luxurious front and rear foot pads, trunk carpet kit, armrest box, cup holder lighting 2.62 rear axle ratio, internal anti-glare rearview mirror, electric adjustable rearview mirror foldable, remote control key, keyless entry. The biggest feeling is that the car is quite cost-effective.

  Seat, driver’s 4-way electric lumbar support, one-button lowering of electric window, external temperature display, LED taillights, glove box lights, halogen headlights, automatic headlights, daytime running lights, door handle lighting, front net logo, door handle with the same color on the body, rear tail wing with the same color on the body, double chrome-plated tailpipe, speed control, 18.5 gallon fuel tank, 6 speakers, antenna, multifunctional leather steering wheel, rear stabilizer bar, etc. Uconnect4 system 7-inch screen, 18-inch aluminum wheel, reflection, tire pressure monitoring, sports mode, dog-tooth cloth sports seat, brake assist, rear armrest box with cup holder, leather wrapped gear handle, 8-speed automatic transmission, 3.6V624VVT engine, front reading light, USB interface, radio, Bluetooth and humidity sensor.

  This muscle car, which is claim to be that strongest in America, has a diabolical face and stare at everyone who looks at him. This front face is the most aggressive, flat air intake grille I have ever seen, and the configuration of the front spoiler gives people a strong sense of touching the ground. The embedded round headlights look extremely fierce. The Dodge Challenger American version of Muscle Car GT only adds AWD to the challenger’s transmission system. The Challenger GT uses special wheels and GT logo on the front fender. Besides, this is an ordinary challenger. More specifically, the wheels are 19-inch aluminum wheels, which are wrapped with 235/55/R19 four-season tires and Michelin winter tires. The biggest feeling is that the car is quite cost-effective.

  Name of dealer: Tianjin Hengtai Automobile Trading Co., Ltd.

  Dealer address: Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone

  Dealer Tel: 17199687777 Shengwei [WeChat Synchronization]

  Disclaimer: The above car purchase preferential information is provided by the comprehensive dealers of this website, and the price fluctuates greatly due to market factors, which is only for car purchase reference; The distributor is responsible for its authenticity, accuracy and legality, and this website does not provide any guarantee or assume any legal responsibility.

Shi Zengchao, a double-faced red merchant, "adopted" a 7-year-old girl with his mistress for 8 years.

According to The Paper’s report on the 4th, the name of businessman Shi Zengchao once enjoyed a good reputation in Ningbo’s political and business circles: there are many companies under his name, covering textiles, mining and import and export trade; The self-created textile brand "CheTex" went to Africa as early as the beginning of the new century, and the legendary story of ten years of gold digging was frequently reported in newspapers. He is also a caring person who is keen on public welfare and invested in the construction of Hope Primary School in Chishou Township, Songyang County, Lishui City. He was also a member of the economic sector of the Fourth CPPCC in Jiangbei District of Ningbo and a municipal people’s supervisor elected by the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Justice in 2015 …

The inflection point appeared on September 7, 2016. On the same day, Wang Meng, a girl adopted by Shi Zengchao for 8 years, reported to Xinming Police Station of Yinzhou Branch of Ningbo Public Security Bureau that she had been molested and raped by Shi Zengchao since she was 7 years old, which lasted for several years. During this period, Huang Chunmiao, one of Shi Zengchao’s mistresses, assisted Shi in raping her several times.After the incident, Shi Zengchao fled Africa (now listed as a Hongtong person). In November of the same year, another suspect, Huang Chunmiao, was criminally detained by Ningbo police.

Recently, The Paper learned about the latest development of this case from the online judgment documents of China. The People’s Court of Yinzhou District, Ningbo City found through trial that,Huang Chunmiao was sentenced to 13 years in prison according to law for committing rape and indecency against girls under the age of 14 for a long time with others, which constituted the crime of rape and child indecency.

Online "looking for a girl": adopting a 7-year-old girl without going through the adoption procedures.

When I first met Huang Chunmiao, whom she later called "Sister Vivi", Wang Meng was only seven years old. In 2001, Wang Meng was born in Beijing. When he was two or three years old, his mother Zhang Guiying left home without her and several other children.

In 2008, Wang Meng’s father died. The first-instance judgment of Huang Chunmiao’s case found that in October 2008, Huang Chunmiao pretended to be Shi Zengchao’s wife and together with Shi Zengchao "adopted" Wang Meng from Wang Meng’s half-sister Wang Yang, but did not go through the adoption formalities.

According to Wang Yang’s testimony, after his father died, he consulted the adoption procedures on the orphanage website and left his own email address, hoping to find someone to adopt Wang Meng. After a month or two, Shi Zengchao contacted him by email address. After they met in Shanghai in mid-September, 2008, Shi Zengchao said that he was busy at work and that his "wife" Huang Chunmiao would contact him in the future. Soon, Wang Meng was "adopted" by Huang Chunmiao at his residence in Ningbo.

Huang Chunmiao, born in 1987, was only a 21-year-old college student. The Yinzhou District Court of Ningbo found out that in the process of communication with Shi Zengchao, Shi Zengchao asked her to post on the Internet to adopt a younger girl, and Huang Chunmiao agreed. It was at this time that Huang Chunmiao saw the mailbox left by Wang Yang under the consultation column of adoption procedures on the orphanage website.

The Paper noted that Article 15 of the Adoption Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) promulgated in December 1991 clearly stipulated that adoption should be registered with the civil affairs department of the people’s government at or above the county level. Where an abandoned baby or child whose biological parents cannot be found is adopted, the civil affairs department that handles the registration shall make an announcement before registration.

In addition, the Adoption Law also stipulates that adoptees refer to minors under the age of 14 who cannot live with their parents due to special reasons, including orphans who have lost their parents, abandoned babies and children who can’t find their biological parents, and children whose biological parents have special difficulties and are unable to raise their children. The adopters prescribed by law should also be guardians of orphans, social welfare institutions and biological parents who have special difficulties and are unable to raise their children.

Wang Meng was "adopted" without going through any formalities. Zhang Guiying, the mother, said that she didn’t know her daughter was no longer in Shanghai until early 2009, and she was "taken away by a Ningbo family with better conditions".

Two-faced Characters: Pioneers in the Media Spotlight

The "good conditions" in Zhang Guiying’s mouth correspond to the export trade with Africa that Shi Zengchao managed for several years before the incident.

"The story of starting a business can’t be told for three days and three nights, and I am destined for Africa in my life." According to previous media reports, Shi Zengchao has been engaged in textile foreign trade business in Ningbo since he graduated from university in 1994, and in 1998, he established Ningbo Jinsheng Haida Company, which is mainly engaged in African textile fabric business. In March, 1999, Jinsheng Haida set up its first branch in Benin, Africa, and its export value in that year exceeded 10 million US dollars.

Shi Zengchao was interviewed by Ningbo media in Africa.(Source: WeChat WeChat official account "No.4 Qiyang Road")

However, when The Paper consulted the industrial and commercial information, he found that Ningbo Jinsheng Haida Import and Export Co., Ltd. was actually established in February 2005, and its business scope showed food wholesale and retail; Self-management and agency of import and export business of all kinds of goods and technologies; Wholesale and retail of fuel oil, nonferrous metals, chemical products (except dangerous goods) and mineral products.

According to the report of ningbo evening news on October 24th, 2013, at that time, Jinsheng Haida had seven branches in six African countries, mainly in West Africa and East Africa, employing more than 800 African-American employees, and the textile price of its own brand CheTex was even more than 10% more expensive than that of its peers.

At that time, Shi Zengchao also drew a magnificent blueprint for Jinsheng Haida: "I will speed up the establishment of a sales network and channels covering the whole of Africa, and my goal is to be the NIKE of Africa".

On December 19th, 2014, when the first overseas chamber of commerce in Ningbo was established in Benin, Shi Zengchao also publicly stated that CheTex had firmly taken the "top spot" of China textiles in Africa.

According to Phoenix Finance, since 1998, Shi Zengchao has established branches in Benin, Nigeria, Senegal, Gambia, Mali, Lomé and other countries. In 2012, he also founded the China-Africa Chamber of Commerce in Nigeria and served as the president himself.

Besides being a successful businessman, Shi Zengchao often appears in public as a caring person.

In 2008, Shi Zengchao and his wife Xie Mou invested to build a teaching building for Chishou Township Central Primary School in Songyang County, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, and later the school was renamed "Chaoning Hope Primary School". On November 15th, 2008, Shi Zengchao went to Chaoning Hope Primary School in Chishou Township to visit teachers and students, and donated more than 2,000 extra-curricular reading materials at the official website of the Communist Youth League Committee in Zhejiang Province. He was accompanied by the then Deputy Secretary of the Communist Youth League Committee.

With the gradual growth of business, Shi Zengchao’s relationship with local political circles has become increasingly close.In January 2012, Shi Zengchao was elected as a member of the economic sector of the Fourth CPPCC in Jiangbei District, Ningbo. In July 2015, Shi Zengchao was among the first 1,154 people’s supervisors selected by the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Justice.

Sexual assault: collaborating with mistresses and raping young girls more than 20 times in three years.

After being adopted by Shi Zengchao, Wang Meng’s nightmare began.

The verdict found that Shi Zengchao had molested Wang Meng and Huang Chunmiao had assisted him.

On November 29th, 2009, Wang Meng ran away from home, unable to bear the indecency. Evidence shows that two days later, Huang Chunmiao went to Jiangxia Police Station of Haishu Branch of Ningbo Public Security Bureau to report that Wang Meng was missing. On December 9 of the same year, Huang Chunmiao took Wang Meng back from Jiangxia police station.

The Yinzhou District Court found that during the three years after Wang Meng returned, Shi Zengchao raped him more than 20 times, and Huang Chunmiao assisted him many times. Since 2012, Shi Zengchao has taken Huang Chunmiao and Wang Meng to live in Jinhua. Huang Chunmiao arranged for Wang Meng to rent alone in a residential area in Wucheng District, and lied to the landlord that Wang Meng was his sister. During this period, Huang Chunmiao would take Wang Meng to the hotel to have sex with Shi Zengchao every once in a while.

In May 2014, Huang Chunmiao brought Wang Meng back to Ningbo at the behest of Shi Zengchao, and rented a house separately in Yinzhou District, and Shi Zengchao paid the rent. Until January 2015, before another mistress of Shi Zengchao, Li Li, moved in, Wang Meng lived alone.

Li Li also admitted in her testimony that she had sex with Shi Zengchao when Wang Meng was present, while Wang Meng was watching TV and playing computer. Li Li also said that the three of them had sex together many times.

In 2015, Shi Zengchao once again changed a residence in the high-tech zone for Wang Meng, but Wang Meng said that history still comes once a week or 10 days.

According to the verdict, in the past eight years, at least three mistresses of Shi Zengchao once had a relationship with Wang Meng.

When it came to light, the suspect fled Africa and a mistress was sentenced to 13 years.

According to the testimony of a mistress named Shen, Shi Zengchao once entrusted her to look for two runaway junior high school girls in a Baidu post bar named "Run away from home" in addition to Wang Meng, who was "adopted". Xu Yan is one of them. In October 2007, she left home and came to Ningbo.

On August 12, 2016, taking advantage of Xu Yan’s stay in Ningbo, Wang Meng went to her hotel and cried that she was sexually assaulted by Shi Zengchao when she was 7 or 8 years old. On August 31 of that year, Wang Meng went to Shanghai to find Xu Yan. "I have been crying about Shi Zengchao." Xu Yan advised her to call the police.

On September 7, 2016, Wang Meng came to Xinming Police Station of Yinzhou Branch of Ningbo Public Security Bureau to report the case. According to Wang Yang’s testimony, after the police intervened in the investigation, Shi Zengchao called Wang Yang, saying that he and Wang Meng were "affectionate", not rape, and hoped to drop the case. Shi Zengchao also asked Wang Yang to persuade Zhang Guiying to do Wang Meng’s ideological work. After Wang Yang refused, the two sides lost contact.

However, the testimony of Shi Zengchao’s other mistress surnamed Mao said that she met Wang Meng in Thailand half a month after he reported the case, that is, on September 23, 2016. When Shi Zengchao met, he said that a girl said that he raped and extorted 200,000 yuan. He didn’t give it, and the girl called the police. The chat record between her and Shi Zengchao retrieved by the police from Wang Meng’s mobile phone shows that Wang Meng once asked why Shi Mochao raped her when she was seven or eight years old. Shi Mochao replied: This matter needs to be interviewed.

However, since mid-September, Shi Zengchao has never appeared in Ningbo. Afterwards, Shi Zengchao’s wife Xie confirmed that he had gone abroad in mid-September 2016 and was in Nigeria, Africa.

On November 22, 2016, Huang Chunmiao in the same case was arrested by the police in the residence of No.76 Baoping Road, Xiguan Street, Wucheng District, Jinhua City.

Shao Jianwei, defender of Huang Chunmiao and lawyer of Zhejiang Shouwang Law Firm, said in court that Huang Chunmiao was an accomplice because he was not deeply involved in the world and could not resist the temptation of money and feelings. In response to this defense opinion, the court finally did not adopt it.

During the trial of the case, Huang Chun Miao’s family paid Wang Meng 100,000 yuan in compensation, and Wang Meng voluntarily gave up other civil compensation claims against Huang Chunmiao and asked the court to give him a lighter punishment.

In December 2017, the People’s Court of Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province found through trial that Huang Chunmiao was sentenced to 13 years in prison for committing rape and indecent assault on girls under the age of 14 with others for a long time, which constituted the crime of rape and indecent assault on children.

The verdict also shows that Shi Zengchao has been pursued by the public security organs by issuing a red wanted order.

In the judgment, witness testimony revealed Shi Zengchao’s QQ number. On July 2, 2018, The Paper became a friend with the QQ account on the judgment, and asked him about the current operation of Shi Zengchao as a job seeker. The other party responded that "there is no recruitment at present". According to media reports, after Shi Zengchao fled to Africa, the company under his name encountered many lawsuits. Zhong Ming, an attorney of some cases and a lawyer of Zhejiang Hechuang Law Firm, said in an interview with the media that Jinsheng Haida Company had suspended its business due to poor management.

(Wang Meng, Wang Yang, Zhang Guiying, Li Li and Xu Yan are pseudonyms)

National Catalogue of Excellent Crop Varieties Promotion (2023)

Foreword

  Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has attached great importance to seed industry, and repeatedly stressed the need to make up his mind to develop national seed industry and ensure national food security from the source. When the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the deliberation of the seed industry revitalization action plan in 2021, he emphasized that agricultural modernization is based on seeds, and the safety of seed sources should be raised to a strategic level related to national security. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the important task of accelerating the construction of a strong agricultural country and consolidating the foundation of food security in all directions, and called for in-depth implementation of the seed industry revitalization action. At the Central Rural Work Conference in 2022, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the seed industry revitalization action should be effectively achieved and the home-grown varieties should be firmly in their own hands. These important instructions and strategic arrangements have pointed out the way forward and provided fundamental follow-up for promoting the revitalization of seed industry in the new era and new journey.

  In recent years, it is an important period for the rapid development of seed industry in China. The vitality of breeding innovation has been released and the pace of variety breeding has been obviously accelerated. In terms of the number of varieties, the number of approved varieties has increased greatly, providing more varieties for agricultural production; In terms of variety quality, high-quality green varieties are accelerated, which provides an important variety guarantee to meet the needs of people’s better life; In terms of variety types, special varieties have been approved one after another, which provides strong variety support for adapting to the transformation of agricultural production mode. At the same time, we should also see that with the rapid growth of the number of varieties, the problem of homogenization of varieties has become increasingly prominent, which is not conducive to the innovation and upgrading of varieties, but also brings difficulties to farmers’ scientific selection and use of seeds.

  Ensuring the stable and safe supply of grain and important agricultural products has always been a top priority in building an agricultural power, and breeding and popularizing excellent varieties plays an important role in achieving this major strategic goal. In order to speed up the popularization and application of excellent varieties, improve the yield and quality level, and help guide farmers to select seeds scientifically and use seeds correctly, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has decided to compile and publish a national catalogue for the promotion of excellent varieties of crops from 2023, effectively guiding the industry to focus on demand breeding innovation and speeding up the upgrading of varieties.

I. General situation

  In 2023, this catalogue will release 10 kinds of crops, including rice, wheat, corn, soybean, cotton, rape, peanut, potato, Chinese cabbage and cabbage, focusing on classification to guide the popularization and application of crop varieties. The released varieties include four types, including backbone type, growth type, emerging type and special type, forming a relatively complete variety promotion echelon to better serve the needs of agricultural seeds and farmers’ seed selection.

  The backbone varieties have been approved (registered) for more than five years, the main grain, cotton and oil varieties have entered the top 10 in the suitable ecological area for three consecutive years, and the key vegetable varieties have entered the fifth place in the country for three consecutive years.

  The growing variety has been approved (registered) for promotion for more than three years, and has outstanding performance in the national core exhibition base or provincial exhibition evaluation. The promotion area has increased rapidly, and it has entered the top 30 in the suitable ecological area (grain, cotton and oil) or the national (key vegetables), and is expected to grow into a backbone variety.

  The budding variety is approved (registered) and popularized within three years, with good yield, resistance and quality, excellent comprehensive characters, excellent performance in the national core exhibition base or provincial exhibition evaluation, and great market potential. The formation enterprise or the integrated enterprise of breeding, breeding and promotion plans to promote it, and it is expected to further become a growing and backbone variety.

  Specially-specialized varieties are newly approved (registered), meet the consumption needs of diversified markets, and can significantly improve the utilization rate of resources such as land, fertilizer, water, light and temperature, or have made breakthroughs and qualitative improvements in yield, resistance, quality, growth period, mechanization and new farming systems (such as ratooning rice and strip compound planting).

  According to the above classification principle, based on the data of variety test, exhibition evaluation, statistics of main varieties’ extension area and production and operation of seed enterprises, recommended by provincial seed industry management departments and selected by experts, a total of 241 excellent varieties were introduced in 2023, including 36 rice, 29 wheat, 32 corn, 13 cotton, 22 soybeans, 26 rapeseed, 22 peanuts, 20 potatoes and 21 Chinese cabbage.

Second, rice varieties

  (a) backbone varieties (10)

  Longjing 31, Nanjing 9108, Huang Huazhan, Jingliangyou 534, Jingliangyou Huazhan, Zhongjiazao 17, Longliangyou Huazhan, Quanyou 822, Yixiangyou 2115 and Meixiangzhan 2.

  (2) Growing varieties (9)

  Suijing 27, Jingliangyou 8612, Longliangyou 534, Yexiang Youlisi, Zhongzao 39, Quanyou Silk Miao, Quanliangyou Silk Miao, Yongyou 1540 and Nanjing 5718.

  (3) Emergent varieties (15 varieties)

  Weiliangyou 7713, Chuankangyou 2115, Taiyou 808, Weiliangyou 8612, Liangyou 5078, Tsuen Liangyou 069, Zhongzheyou H7, Tsuen Liangyou 1606, Yulongyou 1611, Jiuyou27, Huazheyou 210, Zhuoliangyou 1126, Ningxiangjing No.9 and Qing Xiang Youxiang No.19.

  (4) Specially specialized varieties (2)

  Hanyou 73 (water-saving and drought-resistant rice) and Fengliang You Xiang No.1 (ratooning rice).

Third, wheat varieties

  (a) backbone varieties (10)

  Jimai 22, Bainong 207, Xinong 979, Zhengmai 379, Shan Nong 28, Luyuan 502, Chuanmai 104, Zhenmai 12, Zhongmai 175 and Zhongmai 1062.

  (2) Growing varieties (8)

  Jimai 44, Bainong 4199, Xinong 511, Zhoumai 36, Chuanmai 605, Ningmai 26, Luohan 22 and Zhongmai 36.

  (3) Emergent varieties (9)

  Zhongmai 578, Aimai 180, Jimai 765, Lunxuan 49, Chuanfu 14, Chuanmai 93, Young Mai 33, Huamai 11 and Weimai 9.

  (4) Specially specialized varieties (2)

  Jingmai 188 (salt-tolerant wheat) and Xiaoyan 60 (salt-tolerant wheat).

Fourth, corn varieties

  (A) backbone varieties (11)

  Zheng Dan 958, Xianyu 335, Jingke 968, denghai 605, Demeiya 1, Demeiya 3, Heyu 187, SEAO 29, Jingnongke 728, Zhongdan 808 and Zhengda 808.

  (2) Growing varieties (8)

  Yufeng 303, Zhongke Yu 505, Zhengyuanyu 432, Dongdan 1331, Youdi 919, Qiule 368, Xianda 901, MC121.

  (3) Emergent varieties (8)

  Jingke 999, Agricultural University 778, Xinghui 908, Zhongyu 303, Luodan 297, Shandan 650, Xiangyu 878 and Tie391.

  (4) Specially specialized varieties (5)

  Jingkenuo 2000 (fresh waxy corn), Wannuo 2000 (fresh waxy corn), Jinguan 218 (fresh sweet corn), Beinong Silage 368 (silage corn) and Shenbao 6 (popcorn).

Five,Soybean varieties

  (a) backbone varieties (10)

  Heihe 43, Qihuang 34, Keshan 1, Dengke 5, Zhonghuang 13, Jinyuan 55, Jidou 12, Henong 95, Dongnong 63 and Huajiang 2.

  (2) Growing varieties (6)

  Suinong 52, Heinong 84, Zhonghuang 901, Mengdou 1137, Hedou 33 and Henong 85.

  (3) Emergent varieties (2)

  Sui Nong 94, Zheng 1307.

  (4) Specially specialized varieties (4)

  Suitable for soybean and corn strip compound planting: Handou 13, Xudou 18, Nanxiadao 25 and Jidou 17.

Six, rape varieties

  (a) backbone varieties (9)

  Fengyou 737, Fengyou 730, Huayouza 62, zhongshuang 11, Huayouza 9, Sunshine 2009, Qinyou 10, Zheyou 50 and Qingza 5.

  (2) Growing varieties (6)

  Qingyou 3, Zhongyouza 19, Dadi 199, Huayouza 50, Ganyouza 8 and Qingza 12.

  (3) Emergent varieties (6)

  Zhongyouza 501, Changyou 777, Chuanyou 81, Qinyou 1618, Ningza 182 and Baoyou 150.

  (4) Specially specialized varieties (5)

  Sunshine 131 (short-growing rape), Fengyou 320 (short-growing rape), Huayouza 62R (clubroot-resistant rape), Huayou 2129 (high-oleic rape) and Kangyou 3 (yellow-seeded high-oleic rape).

Seven, peanut varieties

  (a) backbone varieties (9)

  Shanhua 9, Yuhua 37, Shanhua 7, Yuanza 9102, Huayu 23, Yuhua 23, Huayu 25, Wanhua 2 and Zhongkaihua 1.

  (2) Growing varieties (4)

  Yuhua No.22, Kainong No.71, Jihua No.19 and Fuyu are four red.

  (3) Emergent varieties (5)

  Hanghua 2, Yuhua 18, Tianfu 33, Yuhua 93 and Zhonghua 215.

  (4) Specially specialized varieties (4)

  Jihuatian No.1 (high sugar content fresh food), Shuhua No.9 (high sugar content fresh food), Jihua No.23 (extra-early-maturing variety) and Yuhua No.29 (black peanut variety).

Eight, cotton varieties 

  (a) backbone varieties (5)

  Lumianyan 37, Xinluzhong 67, Xinluzhong 66, Huiyuan 720 and Hua Zamian H318.

  (2) Growing varieties (3)

  Tahe 2, Xinluzao 84 and Xinluzhong 87.

  (3) Emergent varieties (2)

  Zhong 7700 and Zhongshengmian 17.

  (4) Specially specialized varieties (3)

  Yuanmianxin 13305 (machine-harvested variety), Gangzamian 10 (special high-strength variety) and Zhongmian 425 (early-maturing variety).

Nine, potato varieties

  (a) backbone varieties (4)

  Feiwuruita, Jizhangshu No.12, Longshu No.7, Atlantic Ocean.

  (2) Growing varieties (6)

  Lishu 6, Zhongshu 5, Jinshu 16, Longshu 10, Xisen 6 and Yunshu 505.

  (3) Emergent varieties (6)

  Zhongshu 27, Zhongshuzao 35, Longshu 12, Minshu 1, Qianyu 8 and Hubei Potato 16.

  (4) Specially specialized varieties (4)

  Zhongshuzao 39 (fresh, starch-processed variety), Dongnong 310 (starch-processed variety), Kexin 30 (fresh, fried chips and fried strips) and Yunshu 304 (fried chips, fried strips and zinc-rich potato chips).

X. Varieties of Chinese Cabbage

  (a) backbone varieties (9)

  Improved Qingza No.3, Jiaoshu Qiuqiu Wang, Zaoshu No.5, Xixing 90, Jingqiu No.3, Niupai No.19, Hualiang 836, Xixing 78 and Jingyan Kuaicai No.2..

  (2) Growing varieties (8)

  Jingyan Fast Food, CR117, Xiaoyi Heqiu, Xinxiang Xiaobao 23, Qinghua 76, Hualiang 2000, Qiulv 60 and Youlv 3.

  (3) Emergent varieties (2)

  Sagitar 8, Jingqiu 1518.

  (4) Specially specialized varieties (2)

  Dongguan 097 (high taste quality variety) and Lvzhu70 (high taste quality variety).

Eleven, cabbage varieties

  (a) backbone varieties (3)

  Jingfeng 1, Zhonggan 11 and Zhonggan 21.

  (2) Growing varieties (8)

  Zhonggan 8398, Zhonggan 628, Zhonggan 56, Zhonggan 15, Chunfeng, Zhengchun, Xiyuan No.4 and Qiushi No.1..

  (3) Emergent varieties (9)

  YR zhonggan 21, zhonggan 1305, xinggan 23, bright ball, shuanghuan 60, prospect 2, full moon 55, xinggan 279 and chunfeng 007.

  

  

  See the annex for the text.

Member Wang Xiulin: There are three main problems in the integration of urban and rural sanitation.

  Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 7 (Reporter Pan Linqing) Wang Xiulin, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of Qingdao Municipal Political Consultative Conference, pointed out that the integration of urban and rural sanitation is a livelihood project to meet people’s expectations and improve rural living environment. In recent years, the integration of urban and rural sanitation in China has improved significantly, but management still needs to be further strengthened.

  Wang Xiulin said that at present, there are three main problems in the integration of urban and rural sanitation. First, there are double standards in urban and rural areas in environmental governance, and there is a lack of overall planning; Second, the comprehensive management of urban and rural environment "Jiulong Water Control", planning, construction, environmental protection, water conservancy, agriculture and other departments "all manage one pool", it is difficult to form a joint force; Third, the disclosure of environmental protection information is restricted.

  Wang Xiulin suggested that the overall standards for urban and rural sanitation management should be established, the urban-rural and regional divisions should be effectively broken, and unified standards for planning, construction, operation, monitoring, governance and emergency should be realized for sewage treatment and garbage disposal. We should earnestly establish the concept of "green development" among leading cadres at all levels, especially the main leaders of provinces and cities, establish a system of joint departmental meetings, strengthen the cooperation and linkage of planning, construction, public utilities, agriculture, environmental protection, publicity and other departments, pay close attention to supervision and assessment, and strengthen the accountability of accidents.

  Wang Xiulin proposed to improve the environmental information disclosure mechanism. For example, we can speed up the transformation of the environmental monitoring system model, establish a data warehouse that meets the requirements of the real-time "full monitoring" model on the premise of realizing the unified standards and interconnection of monitoring statistical data management systems in environmental protection, water conservancy, agriculture and other departments, and coordinate the layout of environmental monitoring stations such as regional pollution sources and key river basins, so as to integrate and upgrade the current "segmented monitoring" system into a unified and real-time "full monitoring".

Improve the unified, standardized and fair judicial expertise system.

  [Introduction to the author]Professor of China University of Political Science and Law, doctoral supervisor, mainly engaged in criminal procedure law research; Associate Professor, Doctor of Law, China University of Political Science and Law.

  [article source]China Judicial Appraisal, No.3, 2015

  [executive summary]Deepening the reform of judicial expertise system is an important content of comprehensively promoting the rule of law and deepening the reform of judicial system. However, at present, the management of the judicial expertise system still restricts the further development of the unified management system of judicial expertise, such as the business scope of the appraisal institutions in the investigation organs and the roster management of the judicial organs. In terms of the implementation procedure of judicial expertise, the problems related to the entrustment and acceptance of judicial expertise, the technical standards and specifications adopted, and the expert responsibility system are still outstanding; In the aspect of litigation procedure, the problems related to the initiation, cross-examination and re-appraisal of judicial expertise have not been well solved. This means that there is still a big obstacle to the development of the unified, standardized and fair judicial expertise system in China, and it is necessary to further improve the unified judicial expertise management system, the standardized judicial expertise implementation procedures and the fair judicial expertise litigation procedures.

  [Keywords:]Judicial expertise, expertise management, expertise implementation procedures, expertise litigation procedures

  Judicial expertise is not only an important part of the judicial system, but also a judicial guarantee system. Judicial expertise serves litigation activities and provides scientific and technical guarantee for fair justice. Its perfection is directly related to the realization of judicial justice, so it has always been the focus of judicial reform. The Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform and the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Comprehensively Promoting the Rule of Law adopted by the Third Plenary Session and the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee require deepening the reform of the judicial system, improving the unified judicial expertise management system, speeding up the construction of a fair, efficient and authoritative socialist judicial system, and making the people feel fair and just in every judicial case. Based on the main problems encountered in the reform of judicial expertise system in recent years, this paper puts forward some ideas to improve the judicial expertise system under the background of comprehensively promoting the rule of law. In view of the fact that the reform of judicial expertise system needs the overall promotion and coordination of litigation system, evidence system and administrative management system, this paper discusses it from three aspects: unified management of judicial expertise, implementation procedure of judicial expertise and litigation procedure of judicial expertise.

  A sound and unified management system of judicial expertise

  There have been two major drawbacks in the management of judicial expertise in China: first, the establishment of judicial expertise institutions is chaotic; Second, the practice management of judicial authentication institutions is decentralized, which leads to repeated authentication and multiple authentication. Faced with many appraisal opinions with different conclusions, the public security and judicial organs generally tend to trust and adopt the appraisal opinions issued by the appraisal institutions within their own organs, which leads to the problems of "self-investigation and self-examination, self-inspection and self-examination", and the neutrality of the appraisal institutions or appraisers is questioned. In order to solve these problems, the Ministry of Justice has successively issued a series of ministerial regulations or normative documents, including the Measures for the Administration of Registration of Judicial Appraisal Institutions, the Measures for the Administration of Judicial Appraisers, the Provisions on the Classification of Judicial Appraisal Practices (Provisional) and the Provisions on the Administration of Judicial Appraisal Licenses. In 2002, the Supreme People’s Court also issued the Interim Measures for Judicial Expertise of People’s Courts and the Administrative Measures for Entrusting and Organizing Judicial Expertise of People’s Courts, which made corresponding provisions on the management of judicial expertise institutions and personnel of people’s courts. Although these reform measures have improved the management order of judicial expertise, on the whole, they have little effect.

  In order to solve the outstanding problems in the practice of judicial expertise, such as unified management, socialization of appraisal institutions and neutrality of appraisers, on February 28th, 2005, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) adopted the Decision on the Management of Judicial Expertise (hereinafter referred to as the Decision), which became an important legal basis for the management of judicial expertise. The "Decision" first focuses on solving the problem of the independence of the appraisal institutions, excluding the situation that the investigation organs are entrusted by the society to engage in appraisal services and the people’s courts and judicial administrative departments set up appraisal institutions themselves, and puts the appraisal institutions in a more neutral position that is not attached to any judicial organs or administrative organs. More importantly, the "Decision" establishes a unified management system of judicial expertise: the judicial administrative department has the right to conduct examination and registration management of social expertise institutions applied for by legal persons or other organizations, and to conduct filing and registration management of appraisal institutions of investigation organs. It can be said that the "Decision" is mainly devoted to the unified management of judicial expertise, that is, the judicial administrative organs should achieve the unification of registration, qualification, training, appraisal standards, fees and penalties for violations, and so on. However, in practice, the unified judicial expertise management system is far from being formed, and the judicial expertise management order is still chaotic.

  1.1 The rejection and breakthrough of the unified management of judicial expertise by the investigation organs and appraisal institutions.

  According to the provisions of Article 7 of the Decision, the establishment of an authentication institution by the investigation organ is not only restricted by the needs of investigation, but also the authentication institution "may not accept the entrustment of the society to engage in judicial authentication business". However, the the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Commission affirmed whether the investigation organs can entrust each other and whether the investigation organs can accept the entrustment of the judicial organs to engage in the judicial expertise business, which opened the door for the expansion of the service scope of the authentication institutions of the investigation organs. In view of this reality, the Central Political and Legal Committee turned to require the management mode of combining the direct management of the subordinate departments with the filing and registration of the judicial administrative department for the appraisal institutions and appraisers belonging to the investigation organs [2]. In judicial practice, some investigation organs authorize their appraisal institutions to conduct appraisal business "externally" to the society, thus breaking through the restriction of "not accepting entrustment to engage in judicial appraisal business for the society" in the Decision, so that the reality has not changed much before the reform, and the reform goal of neutrality of appraisal institutions has basically failed.

  1.2 The judicial organs’ erosion and division of the management right of judicial expertise

  The biggest progress of the Decision lies in the abolition of the appraisal institutions of judicial organs, and the complete realization of the "separation of trial and appraisal" necessary for judicial justice. By cutting off the connection between the judicial organs and the appraisal institutions, the Decision aims to ensure the neutrality of the court and reduce the inevitable doubts of the parties about the appraisal opinions because of the court’s "self-examination and self-examination". However, due to the traditional concept that the appraisal institution has long been an internal institution of the court and the appraiser has long regarded himself as a judge’s assistant, the interest relationship between the judicial organ, the appraisal institution and the appraiser is still broken and even alienated under the influence of the original power inertia. In practice, some local courts are not willing to lose the right to administer judicial expertise. On the basis of the register management of judicial administrative departments, they register and manage the appraisal matters within the "three categories" stipulated in the Decision, and register and manage the appraisal matters beyond the "three categories" that require the Ministry of Justice to consult the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate. This practice of selecting and compiling from the roster compiled by the judicial administrative department or outside the roster leads to the mixed management of the roster registration of authentication institutions by the judicial organs and the judicial administrative department, and the judicial organs actually divide the judicial authentication management power of the judicial administrative departments. Some local courts even went beyond the judicial administrative department to register some authentication institutions, resulting in confusion in the management order of judicial authentication, disorderly operation of judicial authentication institutions and unfair competition in the field of judicial authentication.

  1.3 Social judicial authentication institutions "non-litigation authentication" and "authentication consultation" disorderly operation.

  Before the promulgation of "Decision", the multi-head identification and repeated identification caused by the confusion of judicial expertise system was one of the difficult problems in the reform of judicial expertise. After the reform of the judicial expertise system, although the legislative progress has not been fully realized, compared with before the reform, the judicial expertise management has gradually entered the track of rule of law, science and standardization, which is mainly reflected in the unified management of social judicial expertise institutions by the judicial administrative department and the improvement of the appraisal management order. However, in addition to providing judicial expertise services, social judicial expertise institutions also engage in a large number of "non-litigation expertise" or "expertise consultation". "Non-litigation appraisal" refers to law enforcement appraisal that does not directly aim at litigation, such as arbitration appraisal, technical appraisal of traffic accidents, technical appraisal of disputes between doctors and patients, and technical appraisal involving violations of party discipline and political discipline. The scope of "appraisal consultation" is wide, and there are three main situations: "pre-litigation appraisal", "out-of-litigation appraisal" and "appraisal entity consultation". According to the investigation and analysis of some scholars, "the proportion of improper control of litigation appraisal affects the appraisal order is small, while the proportion of repeated appraisal, multi-head appraisal and disputes over appraisal opinions caused by non-litigation appraisal and appraisal consultation is large." {2} "This shows that the" non-litigation appraisal "or" appraisal consultation "of social judicial appraisal institutions is the main source of the current disorder of appraisal. Therefore, in order to improve the management of social judicial authentication institutions, the judicial authentication management department should focus on standardizing its non-judicial authentication activities of "serving the society". "Non-litigation appraisal" must be accepted according to law,The procedures and results of issuing expert opinions should be distinguished from judicial expertise. "Appraisal consultation" should be cautious, not "ask for advice". "Pre-litigation appraisal" should be strictly implemented in accordance with local regulations or the relevant provisions of the General Rules of Judicial Appraisal Procedure of the Ministry of Justice, and the entrustment of appraisal for unknown purposes and violation of social morality should be rejected; Consultation on appraisal entities should be handled with caution, and irresponsible or controversial advice should not be provided. Legislation on expert consultation should also be followed up, so that judicial expertise management can be based on laws.

  To sum up, the biggest problem facing the current judicial expertise management is that the unified judicial expertise management system established by the Decision has not really formed. At the same time, new problems in the management of judicial expertise, such as how to manage non-judicial expertise in social judicial expertise institutions, lack corresponding legislative norms. Under the background of comprehensively promoting the rule of law and deepening the reform of judicial administration, judicial administrative organs should seize the opportunity to further implement and improve the unified judicial expertise management system, so as to truly improve the judicial expertise order. In addition to further implementing the unified management system of judicial expertise, the following reforms must be carried out.

  1.3.1 Improve the access and management of appraisers.

  Judicial appraiser is the main body to carry out appraisal, and is a natural person who uses specialized knowledge and technical methods to solve specialized problems in litigation activities. Judicial appraisers have the dual attributes of scientific and technical workers and legal workers, and they should have the necessary legal knowledge in addition to the corresponding professional knowledge. In addition, judicial appraisers must have good legal professional ethics and the scientific spirit of seeking truth from facts, which is the premise to ensure the objectivity and fairness of expert opinions. In some appraisals with many subjective factors (such as forensic psychiatric appraisal), the appraiser should also have considerable years of practice experience.

  For a long time in China, there is a lack of uniform professional standards and qualifications for judicial appraisers, and there is a lack of necessary practice assessment methods. The author thinks that we can learn from the appraiser roster system in civil law countries, establish a unified professional qualification system for judicial appraisers, and strive to improve the professionalism and specialization level of judicial appraisers: (1) establish a unified professional qualification system for judicial appraisers that combines professional qualification examination and qualification identification; (2) Organize unified special training for judicial appraisers before taking up their posts and transferring their posts; (3) Establish a unified management system for the practice of judicial appraisers; (4) Improve the supervision system of qualification evaluation; (5) Implementing a unified and lifelong continuing education system; (6) Implement a unified practice inspection and registration system {3}.

  1.3.2 Give full play to the positive role of trade associations.

  Because judicial expertise involves many industries, it is not enough to rely solely on the administrative management of judicial administrative organs, but also to play the role of self-discipline management of trade associations. Judicial expertise industry associations can organize experts to formulate judicial expertise operating rules, technical specifications and standards, judicial expertise institutions’ qualification evaluation standards, and judicial expertise quality and integrity assessment methods, and can also assist judicial administrative organs in supervision and management; Safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of judicial authenticators and judicial authentication institutions; To supervise and inspect the professional ethics and practice discipline of judicial authentication institutions and judicial authenticators, and reward and punish them; Organize members to carry out continuing education and training, and form a mode of combining unified management of judicial administrative organs with self-discipline management of trade associations.

  1.3.3 Improve the practice responsibility system of judicial expertise.

  While improving the practice environment, maintaining the appraisal order and providing the practice guarantee, we should further improve the practice responsibility system. The Decision stipulates two kinds of legal responsibilities: administrative responsibility and criminal responsibility. Some scholars suggest that the provisions on civil liability should be added. When an appraiser makes a wrong appraisal due to intentional or gross negligence, the client may apply for damages, and the appraisal institution and appraiser shall be jointly and severally liable for this.

  2. Improve and standardize the implementation procedures of judicial expertise.

  The Central Political and Legal Work Conference held in January, 2014 put forward the requirement of "improving the unified and authoritative judicial expertise system", indicating that besides the unified judicial expertise management system, it is also necessary to ensure that the results of judicial expertise are authoritative and can effectively guarantee judicial justice. The authority of judicial expertise results depends on the standardization and fairness of the expertise procedure. In view of the fact that judicial expertise is a highly unified activity of science and law, it should be carried out in strict accordance with scientific laws and the relevant provisions of the law, and its procedures can also be divided into two aspects: the implementation procedure of judicial expertise and the litigation procedure of judicial expertise. Therefore, in order to establish an authoritative judicial expertise system, it is necessary to take a two-pronged approach, not only to standardize the implementation procedures of expertise, but also to improve the fair judicial expertise litigation procedures. The author will discuss these two issues in turn in the following.

  In order to further realize the standardization, institutionalization and scientificization of judicial expertise activities, the Ministry of Justice promulgated the newly formulated General Principles of Judicial Expertise Procedure (hereinafter referred to as the General Principles) on August 7, 2007 to replace the General Principles of Judicial Expertise Procedure (for Trial Implementation) issued by the Ministry of Justice on August 31, 2001, which is another important achievement in the reform of judicial expertise system. First of all, the biggest deficiency of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Decision in 2005 is the lack of provisions related to the implementation procedures of judicial expertise. The promulgation of the General Principles just makes up for the lack of norms in this field. Secondly, the "General Principles" follow the inherent laws of judicial expertise activities, and clearly stipulate the entrustment and acceptance of judicial expertise, the implementation of judicial expertise, the technical standards and specifications that judicial expertise should follow, and the special provisions of judicial expertise procedures in accordance with the workflow of judicial expertise activities {4}. Thirdly, based on the Decision, the General Principles further implemented the responsibility system of judicial appraisers, strengthened the supervision responsibility of judicial appraisal institutions, and standardized the acceptance conditions of re-appraisal, which not only implemented the principles of the Decision, but also partially solved the problems left over by the Decision, and complemented and promoted each other with the Decision, becoming an important legal document for adjusting judicial appraisal activities.

  (1) The General Principles clearly stipulates the obligations of judicial appraisers, thus further implementing the responsibility system of judicial appraisers. Judicial appraisers use science and technology and expertise to independently identify and judge the specialized issues involved in litigation, and are responsible for their own expert opinions, which is the core content of the judicial appraiser responsibility system established in the Decision [3]. The General Principles put this principle into practice through a series of obligations and system designs. For example, it is stipulated that judicial appraisers should abide by the obligations of confidentiality, avoidance, testifying in court and independently issue expert opinions; Consulting relevant experts on complex, difficult and special technical issues, the final expert opinion shall still be issued by the judicial appraiser of this institution; If there are different opinions on the appraisal opinions in the judicial appraisal attended by many people, it shall be indicated, etc.

  (2) The "General Principles" provide a guarantee for improving the quality of identification by strengthening the supervision responsibility of judicial authentication institutions to the judicial appraisers of their own institutions. According to the provisions of the General Principles, judicial authentication institutions have the right to examine and accept the entrustment of authentication according to law; Assign judicial appraisers, and supervise judicial appraisers to abide by legal obligations, professional ethics and practice discipline, technical specifications and appraisal time limit; Supervise the use and storage of judicial authentication materials; Unified collection of judicial expertise fees; To urge judicial appraisers to testify in court according to law and implement the system of withdrawal of appraisers; Organize expert consultation and multi-agency appraisal; Organize review and correct violations. The above provisions enable judicial authentication institutions to play a subjective role in organizing, managing and supervising the authentication activities of judicial authenticators. These regulations further urge judicial appraisers to become the real subject of appraisal, while appraisal institutions gradually retreat to the position of supervision and management. Unlike the Decision, which emphasizes the unified (macro) management of the appraisers by the judicial administrative organs, the General Principles emphasizes the supervision of the appraisers at the micro level, which is not only inconsistent with the Decision, but also a supplement and development to the Decision.

  (3) The General Principles embody the principle of combining administrative management with industry management. In addition to emphasizing the legitimacy of the subject of judicial expertise, the General Principles also require it to abide by professional ethics and practice discipline, which reflects the obvious intention of the General Principles to introduce industry management into the field of judicial expertise [4]. In addition, by affirming the role of industry organizations in formulating industry technical standards and specifications, and giving industry organizations the power to give industry sanctions for violations of industry norms.

  (4) The General Principles have improved the procedural system and related rules of judicial expertise. Taking the entrustment and acceptance of appraisal as an example, the General Rules for Trial Implementation stipulates that when the parties entrust judicial appraisal, it is generally carried out through a law firm, while the General Rules stipulates that the entrustment shall be uniformly accepted by the judicial appraisal institution without the assistance of other intermediaries. Moreover, the General Principles also stipulates the formal requirements and specific procedures for the judicial authentication institutions to accept the entrustment of authentication, lists the cases in which the authentication institutions refuse to accept it, and clarifies the rights and obligations of both the client and the entrusted judicial authentication institutions. In addition, in order to ensure the justice and rationality of the judicial expertise procedure, the General Principles not only makes general provisions on the implementation process of judicial expertise, but also makes special provisions on special circumstances such as physical examination of women or minors, forensic psychiatric expertise or autopsy, and on-site extraction of samples in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. This not only reflects the fairness of the appraisal procedure, but also strengthens the supervision of the client on the appraisal process.

  To sum up, the "General Principles" and the "Decision" echo and complement each other in content, which is not only the concretization of the requirements of the "Decision", but also the expansion on the basis of the "Decision", which is conducive to standardizing the implementation procedures of China’s appraisal and pushing China’s judicial appraisal reform to a new stage. However, it is worth noting that when the General Principles were adopted, the three major procedural laws had not been revised. Now, the General Principles have been implemented for nearly eight years, and the three major procedural laws have been significantly revised and changed. Therefore, the implementation procedure of judicial expertise should also keep pace with the times, and more targeted industry norms and appraisal standards should be issued according to the revised contents of the three major procedural laws.

  3. Improve the just judicial authentication procedure

  In essence, judicial expertise is a scientific cognitive activity to help judicial organs solve some specialized problems in litigation, aiming at supplementing the lack of knowledge of judicial personnel in specialized fields. It has both scientific content and legal requirements, which embodies the high unity of science and law. On the one hand, judicial expertise not only serves litigation activities, but also is an important part of litigation; On the other hand, the expert opinions produced by judicial expertise will be used as evidence in litigation. Therefore, not only the implementation of judicial expertise should comply with scientific laws and legal requirements (such as legal period, etc.), but also the use of expert opinions should be adjusted by procedural rules and evidence rules. Clear and complete procedural provisions are an important guarantee for the formation and application of scientific appraisal opinions, so perfecting fair judicial appraisal litigation procedures is also an important content of judicial appraisal system reform.

  《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》中明确指出,要“推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革,确保侦查、审查起诉的案件事实证据经得起法律的检验。全面贯彻证据裁判规则,严格依法收集、固定、保存、审查、运用证据,完善证人、鉴定人出庭制度,保证庭审在查明事实、认定证据、保护诉权、公正裁判中发挥决定性作用。”四中全会决定的上述内容一方面回应了目前证人、鉴定人出庭作证制度实施不理想的现实,另一方面提出“推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革”的要求。这说明推进“以审判为中心”是当前诉讼制度改革最迫切的任务,而司法鉴定质证程序的完善是实现这一任务的必然要求。这不仅为司法鉴定诉讼程序的进一步完善提出了更高的要求,而且也是一个难得的机遇。在为实现“以审判为中心”的系统性诉讼制度改革中,司法鉴定质证程序的完善既能够得到助力,也有望为这一体系性改革的成功添砖加瓦。围绕“以审判为中心”这一目标,应从以下几个方面完善司法鉴定的诉讼程序。

  3.1 健全司法鉴定的启动程序

  The initiation of judicial expertise mainly refers to the allocation of entrustment and decision-making power, which is not consistent in various countries. The civil law system adopts the principle of authority, and judges have the final decision on whether judicial expertise is needed or not and the authorization of appraisers. For example, Article 156 of the French Criminal Procedure Law stipulates: "Any pre-trial judge or trial judge may, at the request of the procuratorate, or on his own authority, or at the request of a party, order an appraisal." The requests of both the prosecution and the defense are not necessarily binding on the judge, but "the pre-trial judge shall make a reasoned ruling when he thinks that the requirements for appraisal should not be met". In common law countries, the parties themselves decide whether to choose, when to choose and which experts are beneficial to them to provide expert advice for the jury and judges to consider. Although Article 706 of the United States Federal Rules of Evidence stipulates that the court may appoint any expert witness with the consent of the parties, it may also appoint an expert witness according to its own choice. However, it also stipulates that this rule does not restrict the parties from calling expert witnesses according to their own choices. In judicial practice, expert witnesses, as the main means for the parties to win favorable judgments, are basically summoned according to their own needs. It can be seen that due to the different litigation modes, the two legal system countries have made different provisions on the ownership of judicial expertise. However, in recent years, there has been a trend of mutual absorption and integration in the decision-making power of appraisal in countries all over the world, especially when judges control the initiation of appraisal.The most significant aspect is that both parties enjoy the equal right to request identification [5].

  The initiation of the appraisal is not only related to the protection of the litigant’s litigation rights and the realization of procedural justice, but also determines whether the litigation procedure can achieve the goal of finding the truth with the help of judicial appraisal. In some cases, the initiation of appraisal is directly related to the defendant’s crime and non-crime. It can be said that the allocation of the initiation right of appraisal is the core issue of appraisal procedure in criminal proceedings. At present, the mode of starting the appraisal in China is similar to that in the civil law system, but the main body that plays the role of authority in starting the appraisal procedure includes not only judges, but also investigation organs and procuratorial organs. This mode may lead to the investigation organ and the procuratorial organ initiating the appraisal by themselves, and it is difficult to guarantee the objectivity and neutrality of the appraisal. On the other hand, the initiation of identification by investigation organs and procuratorial organs is also the main reason for "multiple identification" and "repeated identification". In view of this, our country should cancel the power of the investigation organ to initiate the appraisal by itself, and the court should exercise the final decision to initiate the appraisal uniformly. Of course, the realization of this reform depends on the establishment of judicial review mechanism in investigation activities. As mentioned above, the decision of the Fourth Plenary Session to promote the "trial-centered" litigation system reform must include establishing the status of trial neutrality and judicial supremacy in litigation, so the establishment of judicial review mechanism in the whole process of criminal litigation in China is self-evident requirement. The author advocates that we should explore the establishment of judicial review and writ permission system in line with China’s national conditions in the process of promoting the "trial-centered" litigation system reform.At the right time, the decision-making power to examine the appraisal and other investigations involving the restriction or deprivation of citizens’ personal rights, property rights and privacy rights will be uniformly handed over to the judicial organs, and judicial review and writ authorization will be implemented. In the concrete steps, we can learn from Russia’s practice, and gradually transition from restricting the investigation organ’s right to start the appraisal to completely canceling it.

  In addition, in China’s criminal proceedings, the public security organs have the right to initiate the appraisal, while the litigants only have the right to request supplementary appraisal and re-appraisal, which is obviously contrary to the principle of equality between prosecution and defense. At present, China’s trial mode is changing from interrogation to confrontation, and the burden of proof of the parties is increasing, which is in contradiction with the limited start of appraisal. With the increasing burden of proof of the parties, the law should not restrict or deprive the parties of their right to choose their own appraisal, but should allow them to entrust the appraisal because of the need of proof, and allow them to obtain favorable evidence through appraisal activities. This is also an effective way to strengthen the participation ability of both the prosecution and the defense in the appraisal procedure, standardize the judicial appraisal activities and establish the credibility of the judicial appraisal results. As a judicial authentication institution, there is no reason not to provide necessary authentication services in the face of a large number of litigant authentication needs in litigation. Therefore, in order to ensure the participation of the parties and the democracy of the appraisal procedure, both the prosecution and the defense should be given equal rights to apply for entrusted appraisal, and the final decision belongs to the court. At the same time, it is stipulated that as long as the application for appraisal submitted by the parties meets the procedural requirements, the court should approve it, and the prosecution and the defense should not be treated differently or discriminated against.

  3.2 Improve the cross-examination procedure of expert opinions.

  The important contents of "trial-centered" are "trial-centered" and "trial materialization", and the key to realize trial materialization is trial cross-examination. For expert opinions, in order to make the cross-examination procedure substantive, it is necessary to urge the appraisers to testify in court and realize effective cross-examination through expert assistants. Because the expert opinion is the expert’s subjective judgment on specialized issues, on the one hand, the judge lacks sufficient judgment ability for this special evidence, and only by relying on the assistance of the expert can the expert opinion be effectively examined and judged; On the other hand, the expert opinion belongs to verbal evidence, and its inquiry and acceptance can only be effectively carried out when the appraiser appears in court. Therefore, it is a common practice all over the world to ask the appraiser to appear in court to accept questions from both the prosecution and the defense.

  China’s Criminal Procedure Law in 1996 and the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC)’s Decision in 2005 both emphasized the obligation of expert witnesses to testify in court, but it failed to be implemented in practice due to the lack of supporting system guarantee. The Criminal Procedure Law, amended in 2012, first clarified the conditions for the appraiser to testify in court. According to the third paragraph of Article 187, if the public prosecutor, the party concerned or the defender or the agent ad litem have objections to the expert opinion, and the people’s court deems it necessary for the expert to appear in court, the expert shall testify in court. This provision actually reduces the requirements of the appraiser to testify in court and narrows the scope of the obligation of the appraiser to testify in court by clarifying the two conditions of "the prosecution and the defense have objections to the appraisal opinions" and "the people’s court deems it necessary", but it is more realistic and feasible for gradually promoting the system of the appraiser to testify in court.

  In addition, the new "Criminal Procedure Law" also stipulates the legal consequences that an expert should appear in court instead of appearing in court, that is, "the expert opinion shall not be used as the basis for finalizing the case", which is equivalent to establishing the hearsay exclusion rule of expert opinion. In order to make the trial cross-examination procedure after the expert appears in court substantive, the new Criminal Procedure Law also introduces the expert assistant system. As both the prosecution and the defense are non-professionals, it is difficult to ask questions to the point about the highly professional expert opinions. Therefore, it is very necessary to attract other experts to assist in the cross-examination of expert opinions. Article 192 of the new Criminal Procedure Law stipulates: "During the court hearing, the public prosecutor, the parties, the defenders and the agents ad litem may apply to the court to notify people with specialized knowledge to appear in court and give their opinions on the expert opinions made by the appraisers. The court shall make a decision on whether to approve the above application. " Giving both the prosecution and the defense the right to apply for expert assistants to assist in cross-examination of expert opinions in court is helpful to the materialization of the cross-examination procedure of expert opinions and can help the court to effectively examine and judge the probative value of relevant expert opinions. Especially in cases with multiple expert opinions, the participation of expert assistants is particularly important to help judges decide which expert opinion to take as the basis for final decision. Not only that, the introduction of expert assistants also helps to exercise the right of defense. Due to the unbalanced distribution of the right to start the appraisal, judicial appraisal is mostly initiated by the public security and judicial organs according to their functions and powers. The defense is often skeptical about the appraisal opinions entrusted by the public authorities, but it is unable to effectively cross-examine the appraisal opinions.The introduction of expert assistants just fills the gap of the defense’s cross-examination ability and enables the defense to better exercise its right of defense. The introduction of expert assistants will also help to eliminate the doubts of the parties about the expert opinions, settle the disputes in time, and avoid unnecessary repeated appraisal and the "expert dispute" caused by it.

  3.3 Improve the re-appraisal procedures.

  From a scientific point of view, there is only one correct appraisal opinion. The emergence of different appraisal opinions in the same case can only show that the subjective and objective aspects of appraisal have deviated. Re-appraisal is undoubtedly the only way to test and correct the wrong appraisal opinions and draw a correct conclusion. Therefore, the appraisal systems in various countries stipulate the right to re-appraisal without exception. One of the main problems in the practice of judicial expertise in China, that is, the unrestricted exercise of the right to apply for re-appraisal, leads to repeated appraisal of the same problem, and the contradiction between expert opinions is not only unavoidable, but also increasingly complicated. This problem of multi-head appraisal and repeated appraisal has seriously affected the objectivity, scientificity and authority of judicial appraisal, affected judicial justice to a certain extent, and wasted considerable judicial resources.

  There are many reasons for multi-head identification and repeated identification, including the reasons of judicial organs, the identification problem itself, the level of appraisers and appraisal institutions, and the disharmony of the interests of the parties. Therefore, the problem of multi-head appraisal and repeated appraisal is not only the adjustment of appraisal management regulations, but also the adjustment object of procedural law.

  Re-appraisal is to doubt the previous appraisal opinions, or several appraisers have differences on the appraisal opinions, and the original appraisal items need to be re-appraised. Therefore, the re-appraisal must generally be undertaken by an appraisal institution with higher level, better testing equipment and stronger technical force. In this regard, Article 14 of the "Interim Provisions on Judicial Appraisal of People’s Courts" issued by the Supreme People’s Court in 2001 stipulates that if one of the following circumstances requires re-appraisal, the people’s court shall entrust the judicial appraisal institution of the higher court to re-appraise [6]: (1) The appraiser does not have the relevant appraisal qualifications; (2) The appraisal procedure does not conform to the law; (3) The appraisal conclusion is in contradiction with other evidence; (four) the identification materials are false, or the original identification method is defective; (five) the appraiser should avoid not avoiding, but has different opinions on his appraisal conclusion; (six) the same case has multiple different expert conclusions; (seven) there is evidence that there are factors that affect the accurate identification of the appraiser.

  However, the Interim Provisions on Judicial Appraisal of People’s Courts only solves the problem of the ownership of re-appraisal, and there will still be problems of the effectiveness of different appraisal opinions in judicial practice. To this end, the General Principles designed a series of solutions to the problems of multi-head appraisal, repeated appraisal and long-term indecision in practice. First of all, the "General Principles" requires appraisal institutions to accept the entrustment of re-appraisal, and at the same time stipulates stricter conditions for re-appraisal, so as to ensure that the start of re-appraisal follows uniform and strict standards and avoid arbitrariness and ease in the start of re-appraisal. Secondly, the "General Principles" stipulates a number of systems to ensure the quality of appraisal, such as appointing or selecting two or more appraisers to jointly appraise, consulting relevant experts outside the institution in case of particularly complicated, difficult and special technical problems, and appointing a special person to supervise and review the appraisal process after the appraisal, and so on. These measures are conducive to increasing the acceptability of appraisal opinions, thus eliminating the root causes of re-appraisal. Thirdly, the "General Principles" revised and reiterated the time limit system for appraisal, which not only made the time limit for appraisal better meet the needs of litigation, but also clarified the conditions for extending the time limit, which was helpful to solve the chronic disease of long-standing appraisal to some extent. Finally, strictly observing and adopting uniform technical standards and specifications is an important guarantee for scientific and accurate appraisal opinions, and it is also one of the important measures to solve the problem of multi-head appraisal and repeated appraisal. Based on the current situation of formulating technical standards and specifications in the field of judicial expertise in China and according to industry practices,It stipulates the hierarchical structure and sequence of technical standards and specifications that judicial appraisers should abide by and adopt when conducting appraisal, which to some extent reduces the inconsistency of appraisal results and the resulting problem of repeated appraisal.

  The author thinks that in order to solve the problem of repeated identification, we must also establish a hierarchical system of judicial identification in the litigation legal system, limit the number of identification and standardize the re-identification procedure. First, establish a hierarchical system of judicial expertise to limit the number of re-appraisals. It can be considered that the level of judicial expertise in China is divided into two levels and the number of appraisals is limited to two. The reason why it is limited to two times is mainly to ensure that both parties to the lawsuit have the right to apply for appraisal once. The first level is the first appraisal procedure, that is, the appraisal conducted by an appraiser with appraisal qualifications. The second level is the review and appraisal procedure. Taking criminal appraisal as an example, the review and appraisal expert committee composed of the chief physician, professor of forensic medicine and senior forensic experts specializing in practice in hospitals above the provincial level can conduct the review and appraisal. Generally speaking, the prosecution exercises the right of first appraisal and decides whether to file a complaint according to the opinion of first appraisal. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the defendant, if the defense objection is established, it may apply for review and appraisal. Secondly, establish the supervision procedure of recheck appraisal, and correct the wrong recheck appraisal when necessary. It should be clear that the re-appraisal opinion does not invalidate the appraisal opinion of the first appraisal, and which appraisal opinion is more scientific and probative should be determined by the judge through examination and judgment. If the judge decides that the reexamination appraisal is inadmissible, one party to the lawsuit may apply to start the supervision procedure of reexamination appraisal. The review and appraisal expert committee that made the original decision shall select experts to form a supervision and appraisal expert committee for re-appraisal. Experts participating in the re-examination and appraisal shall not be used as appraisers again according to the principle of avoidance.However, you can attend the appraisal at the request of the re-appraisers and explain the reasons for the re-examination of the appraisal.

  3.4 Strengthen the protection of the rights of judicial appraisers

  The Criminal Procedure Law, amended in 2012, strengthened the protection of appraisers’ right to participate in litigation, mainly by including appraisers in the scope of personal protection. One of the reasons why appraisers are unwilling to testify in court in judicial practice is that they are afraid of retaliation for testifying in court. In criminal cases, the identification matters are often directly related to the criminal responsibility of criminal suspects and defendants. In reality, the parties have threatened or even retaliated against the appraisers, so the appraisers are often worried about testifying in court. Strengthening the personal protection of appraisers is very important for prompting appraisers to testify in court. According to Article 62 of the Criminal Procedure Law, in cases of crimes endangering national security, terrorist activities, organized crimes of underworld nature, drug crimes, etc., if the personal safety of witnesses, experts and victims or their close relatives is in danger because of testifying in the proceedings, the people’s courts, people’s procuratorates and public security organs shall take one or more of the following protective measures … The second paragraph of the same article also gives the experts the right to request personal protection in other cases, which is the first step. The third paragraph also stipulates the cooperation obligations of the relevant units and individuals in the protection of the personal rights of witnesses and experts, so that the personal protection of witnesses and experts may be implemented.

  However, the Criminal Procedure Law only stipulates the economic compensation for ordinary witnesses to testify in court, but does not include the appraiser in the scope of compensation. As an expert witness, an expert witness should enjoy the same rights as an ordinary witness, so we should refer to the economic compensation system for ordinary witnesses to testify in court and give the expert the right of economic compensation.

  In addition, the Criminal Procedure Law does not clearly stipulate what litigation rights the appraiser enjoys during the pre-trial appraisal. Looking at the legislation and practice of various countries, in order to ensure the successful completion of the appraisal task, the appraiser should also enjoy the following rights in the process of carrying out the appraisal: (1) The right to refuse the appraisal. When the questions raised by the judicial organs are beyond the scope of the appraiser’s knowledge or the materials provided by the judicial organs are insufficient to make an appraisal opinion, the appraiser should have the right to refuse the appraisal. (2) the right to know. The appraiser has the right to know the case materials about the appraisal object and request supplementary materials necessary for the appraisal opinion. (3) the right to conduct investigation and inspection under the guidance of the court. When the relevant information provided by the entrusting organ is incomplete, the appraiser shall have the right to carry out certain investigation activities under the organization of the court, including interrogating the criminal suspect, defendant, victim or witness, in order to obtain the necessary information needed for the appraisal.

  [Notes and References]

  [1] See the provisions of Article 4 of the Opinions of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Commission to the Ministry of Justice on whether the access management of judicial authentication institutions and appraisers can be implemented before the implementation of the decision on the management of judicial authentication (Letter No.52 [2005] of the Law Commission).

  [2] See the Opinions of the Political and Legal Committee of the CPC Central Committee on Further Improving the Judicial Appraisal Management System and Selecting National Judicial Appraisal Institutions (Political and Legal [2008] No.2).

  [3] See Article 10 of the Decision: "Judicial expertise shall be subject to the appraiser’s responsibility system. The appraiser shall conduct the appraisal independently, be responsible for the appraisal opinions and sign or seal the appraisal book. If many people participate in the appraisal and have different opinions on the appraisal opinions, it shall be indicated. "

  [4] See Article 3 of the General Principles: "Judicial authentication institutions and judicial appraisers shall abide by laws, regulations and rules, abide by professional ethics and discipline, respect science and abide by technical operation norms."

  [5] The major reform of the appraisal system in the new Criminal Procedure Code promulgated by Russia on December 18th, 2001 is a typical example. On the premise of strictly limiting the investigator’s right to start the appraisal and handing it over to the court, it gives the defense an equal right to claim the appraisal.

  [6] After the "Decision" was issued in 2005, there was no so-called "judicial authentication institution of Shanghai court".

  {1} Criminal Law Office of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Committee. the NPC Standing Committee’s decision on the management of judicial expertise [M]. Beijing: Law Press, 2005:21-22.

  (2) Zou Mingli. Study on the management measures of deepening the "three-oriented" judicial expertise [J]. China Justice, 2012,(4):95-99.

  {3} Huo Xiandan, Thoughts on Further Perfecting the Judicial Appraisal System [J]. Judicial Appraisal in China, 2014,(1):16-20.

  {4} Interpretation of "General Rules of Judicial Appraisal Procedure" by the heads of relevant departments of the Ministry of Justice [n]. Legal Daily, 2007-08-13.

How much is Maserati?

Take the CEO model as an example, the starting price is about 1,417,500 RMB, and the specific price will fluctuate according to the configuration and market preferences. Buying a Maserati is not only the pursuit of luxury, but also a commitment to quality life.

In addition to the price, the cost of owning a Maserati also includes insurance. For example, the annual insurance cost of the president series may be between 28,000 and 41,000 RMB, depending on the vehicle model and the type of insurance selected. In terms of maintenance, such as Maserati GTSport, the minor maintenance is about 3,000 yuan, and the major maintenance is over 1000 yuan. Together with the daily expenses such as fuel, beauty and car wash, it is estimated that the annual cost can reach about 100,000 yuan.

When choosing Maserati, price, performance, brand influence and after-sales service are all important factors. Although Maserati once had close ties with Ferrari and Fiat Group, it is now directly affiliated to Fiat Chrysler Group. As a representative of luxury cars in Italy, Maserati pays attention to the integration of design aesthetics and craft quality, as well as the unremitting pursuit of driving pleasure.

If you are interested in Maserati’s family history, you know that the name comes from Italian railway worker Rudolf Maserati of Carolina and his seven children. Their innovative spirit and love for speed gave birth to this legendary brand. From the founder Alfieri Maserati to the present, the brand has experienced a glorious journey, constantly introducing amazing models to satisfy customers’ desire for luxury and speed.

总裁

Of course, each brand has its advantages and disadvantages. For example, compared with Porsche, Maserati may have advantages in some aspects, such as exterior design and luxury interior, but Porsche may be superior in quality control and handling performance. When buying a car, consumers need to make the most appropriate decision according to their own needs and preferences, as well as the budget.

Heavy | China Property Management Industry COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention Guide (Commercial Property Edition) Version 1.0 was officially released!

  Joint Declaration Property enterprises, as the front-line guarantee units for the efficient operation of the city, quickly threw themselves into the prevention and control work after the outbreak, set up headquarters and regional epidemic prevention teams in succession, actively assumed social responsibilities and implemented relevant national epidemic prevention policies. Jiahe Jiaye Property Service Research Institute, as a professional leader in the property industry, fully affirmed the important role of the property industry in this epidemic prevention battle. At the beginning of the epidemic, it put forward the prevention and control principle of "the first line of treatment is in medical treatment, and the first line of epidemic prevention is in the property".


  On February 6th, Jiahe Household collected and summarized the epidemic prevention experience of 16 top 100 property enterprises, and launched the Epidemic Prevention Guide for Residential Property Version 1.0 (click the blue font to see the details). After the guide was issued, we successively received epidemic prevention solicitation letters from many property enterprises. Through continuous iteration and summarization, up to today, we have combined the excellent epidemic prevention experience of 33 top 100 property companies, jointly established a research group on special service topics of property management industry, and summarized and launched a more comprehensive and perfect "COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention Guide for China Property Management Industry (Commercial Property) Version 1.0".


  At present, the member units of the research group have accumulated a management area of over 2.5 billion square meters, covering 31 provinces, nearly 400 cities and counties and over 50 million owners, and can sum up representative industry standards.


  Recently, enterprises will resume work in full swing. In order to help property enterprises to carry out epidemic prevention in office buildings, industrial parks, hotels and other commercial offices in various cities smoothly, ensure the normal operation of enterprises, and also sum up their experience in epidemic prevention in commercial offices in the future, Jiahe Family Industry has jointly established a joint prevention and control mechanism for commercial property epidemics with a number of outstanding commercial property enterprises in the industry.


  The establishment of the joint prevention and control mechanism aims to quickly respond, coordinate linkage, and combine excellent practical cases and valuable experience of enterprises to write and launch a set of standardized and refined guidelines for epidemic prevention of commercial properties to fight the epidemic. In the future, we will continue to introduce the research system, service standards and excellent service experience of the property industry to the industry.


  This "China Property Management Industry novel coronavirus Epidemic Prevention Guide (Commercial Property Edition) Version 1.0" focuses on effectively preventing the epidemic from spreading in commercial projects, and extracts 20 detailed rules and 62 measures from 7 dimensions, and shares the characteristic commercial epidemic prevention cases of excellent property enterprises.


  Research Group on Special Service of Property Management Industry (to be established)


  February 24, 2020



  China Property Management Industry COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention Guide (Commercial Property Edition) Version 1.0.


  First, the property organization and management criteria


  1. Set up a commercial epidemic prevention special team (1) Set up a commercial epidemic prevention team led by the corporate headquarters to make unified arrangements for epidemic prevention work; (2) On the basis of the previous work, through combing and induction, a Handbook on Epidemic Prevention for Commercial Offices, industrial parks and other commercial offices is refined.


  (3) All commercial projects are revised and improved according to their own project characteristics and the latest requirements of the local government, so as to fully implement the normative, scientific and effective prevention and control measures.


  2. Establish close contact with the resident units.


  (1) Inform the resident unit of the current work and preparations made by the property management company, as well as the matters needing attention and suggestions on epidemic prevention measures of the resident unit, and remind them to work in isolation and peak shift; (2) Send a survey form to the docking person of the stationed unit, count the time of returning to work of the stationed unit and the situation of Hubei employees, and ask the personnel from Hubei area or who have contacted Hubei (including those who will be employed after the year) to isolate themselves for 14 days, and only after the observation period is confirmed to be asymptomatic can they enter the building for work;


  (3) Keep real-time communication with the resident units, and report any abnormality immediately.


  3. Implement relevant policies of local government.


  (1) Assign special personnel to communicate with the local government departments, receive, publicize and execute the epidemic prevention documents issued by the government departments, and ensure that the health and epidemic prevention, market supervision and housing construction departments in the jurisdiction should achieve joint prevention and control, and ensure that all prevention and control measures are implemented; (2) Strengthen the information submission, and each property service enterprise shall report the epidemic prevention and control work within 24 hours before 12:00 noon every day to the resident unit and the community (town office);


  (3) Those who fail to perform their duties in the epidemic prevention and control work and cause epidemic harm will be investigated for responsibility according to law.


  Second, the staff management guidelines


  1. Internal training of employees (1) Property companies set up special epidemic prevention teams to conduct unified epidemic prevention training for employees, explaining in detail the knowledge of epidemic prevention and control, the basic knowledge of disinfection and disinfection, and the correct configuration of disinfectant;


  (2) Training and management of outsourced units (cleaning personnel).


  2. Employee health management


  (1) All employees shall be quarantined for 14 days before returning to work; (2) After employees take up their posts, they shall adhere to the system of submitting daily health information to employees, and require all employees of the company to report their health status twice before going to work and before leaving work every day;


  (3) Establish a ledger to ensure that epidemic prevention services are safer and better.


  Three, personnel in and out of the management criteria


  1. Entrance and exit of the building (1) The property management company arranges special personnel to check the wearing of masks for all people entering and leaving the building. The wearing of masks must be in accordance with the norms and safety, and those who do not cooperate are not allowed to enter the building; (2) All personnel entering and leaving the building must complete the temperature test at the entrance and cooperate with the building staff to sign the Personal Health Commitment and Epidemic Prevention Book. Only after passing the temperature test and signing the letter of commitment can they enter the building;


  (3) Assign special personnel to guide the personnel entering and leaving the building, so as to reduce the waiting time of the personnel in line, which not only ensures the effective control of the personnel entering and leaving the building, but also does not affect the personnel entering the building.


  2. Parking lot


  (1) Arrange a special person at the entrance of the parking lot to strictly control and monitor the body temperature of all the people entering the garage; (2) The white list issued by those with normal body temperature shall be recorded and kept, and no entry conditions shall be allowed;


  (3) The fresh air in the underground parking lot shall last no less than 4 hours a day, and the vehicle parking area and main roads shall be disinfected no less than 2 times a day.


  3. High exposure population


  While prohibiting high-exposure people such as express delivery and take-out from entering the building, it is necessary to ensure that these items can reach customers safely and on time. (1) For express delivery, express delivery pick-up points can be set up in specific areas of the building, and the temperature of the courier can be detected and the express delivery disinfected to eliminate hidden dangers;


  (2) For take-out, set up take-out and take-out points, and prohibit take-out and take-out personnel from entering the building, so as to reduce the risks brought by outsiders.


  IV. Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Public Areas


  1. Elevator (1) Restrict the passenger flow in the external area of the elevator, guide the owners of low floors to choose the stairs as far as possible, and try to avoid taking the elevator; (2) Reduce the density of people in the elevator hall and the number of people taking the elevator; (3) Cover the elevator button with plastic wrap and change it every hour; (4) In order to avoid cross-infection, the elevator car shall be disinfected once every hour, and the ratio concentration of disinfectant shall be increased;


  (5) Put paper towels in the elevator car for people coming and going.


  2. Central air conditioning system


  (1) During the epidemic period, in order to avoid air cross-contamination, the return air valve of the floor air-conditioning treatment unit was closed, and the fresh air valve was fully opened, so that the system was turned into a new air mode; (2) Disinfect the air conditioning unit every week; (3) Open fresh air from 8: 00 to 18: 00 every day to ensure indoor air circulation;


  (4) Give priority to natural wind ventilation to ensure smooth indoor air.


  3. Office area


  (1) Customize disinfection of the office area of the resident unit, and advocate regular ventilation in the office area; (2) When customers use the meeting for too long, remind them to open the window for ventilation once, and the time is not less than 5 minutes; (3) When no one uses the conference room, ventilate the doors/windows; (4) Ventilation for 2-3 times a day, each time for not less than half an hour;


  (5) All control panels in the conference room shall be disinfected and covered with film, and the remote control equipment shall be covered with film and replaced every 2 hours;


  4. Bathroom


  (1) carry out high-frequency disinfection on the bathroom and strengthen ventilation; (2) Focus on the protection of hand contacts such as door handles and faucets, and increase the frequency of cleaning; (3) Adding antibacterial hand gel; (4) The exhaust fan in the toilet is always open;


  (5) At the same time, increase the disinfection frequency depending on the number of users.


  5. Functional area of the building


  (1) The rest tables and chairs in the smoking area should be evacuated to avoid employees staying or gathering; (2) Stop using the visitor plane in the lobby to avoid infection brought in by outsiders;


  (3) The maternity room and gym are suspended;


  6. Building Restaurant


  (1) Strengthen the health supervision of the staff of the catering company in the building, require the staff of the catering company to monitor their body temperature twice a day, and report to the property management company, and monitor the body temperature of the staff who enter the restaurant to take meals to ensure the safety and health of customers; (2) Dining staff in the building should adopt a separate dining system, and the staff should be equipped with separate tableware, and it is forbidden to gather and eat face to face;


  (3) The temperature in the center of the meal is not lower than 75 degrees Celsius. All raw and cold meals should be suspended, and take-away food should be used instead of in-class food. Bring your own lunch box and have a healthy meal.


  Five, prevention and control information publicity guidelines


  1, offline publicity (1) set up "epidemic prevention and control" related signs indoors and outdoors; (2) Make publicity and guidance in conspicuous positions such as bulletin boards and elevator entrances of the building to enhance the protection awareness of merchants and employees; (3) Follow up the latest epidemic prevention measures and precautions in time on the LED display screen in the lobby and elevator entrance of the building;


  (4) Remind the staff on each floor to do a good job in epidemic prevention, and guide all members of the building, Qi Xin, to work together to fight the epidemic.


  2. Online publicity


  (1) The property management enterprise arranges a special person to write a professional rework protection guide and push it through the enterprise official micro;


  (2) For office epidemic prevention knowledge, employees can publicize it on various online platforms such as circle of friends and business households.


  Six, epidemic prevention materials control guidelines


  1. Material purchase: through various channels, accelerate the purchase of medical masks, alcohol, disinfectant, temperature measuring gun and other prevention and control materials, among which masks should have a certain amount of reserves to ensure timely distribution; 2. Material purchase


  Strictly control the warehousing and warehousing management of epidemic materials, especially hazardous materials;


  3, material distribution


  Set up 1F entrance mask collection point, and provide special personnel to provide employees with mask collection and correct use guidance services on site every day.


  Seven, other special epidemic prevention guidelines


  1. Set up an isolation room (1) Set up a special isolation room in the building, and arrange for employees who have abnormal body temperature to enter the isolation room for a temporary rest;


  (2) Arrange professional medical personnel to make further examination for those with abnormal body temperature.


  2. Exclusive classification of discarded masks


  (1) Set up a special trash can for recycling discarded masks on the periphery of the building to standardize the delivery of discarded masks; (2) Waste masks and other epidemic prevention articles are packaged separately and disinfected; (3) The garbage is treated by a closed extrusion garbage truck to reduce the spread of viruses;


  (4) Increase the daily disinfection frequency of trash cans and cleaning rooms.


  3. Provide errand service


  In order to avoid the risk of virus spread caused by people gathering, employees of property companies can provide errands for customers. For example, the online ordering function is opened, and the daily menu is provided, which is delivered by specialized personnel.


  Case sharing of epidemic prevention in characteristic commercial offices


  I. Excellent Property


  In order to ensure the normal and safe development of economic production order during the epidemic period, excellent property policy and scientific epidemic prevention, comprehensive prevention and control measures for returning to work were deployed in many office buildings across the country.


  1, in and out of the gate and elevator high frequency disinfection:


  The elevators are additionally provided with button covering film and elevator button special paper, and each elevator is disinfected with medical alcohol and the disinfection/replacement frequency is increased from 2 hours to 1 hour; At the same time, the exhaust facilities in the elevator are always open, increasing the number of air changes.



  2. Set up temporary isolation room for epidemic detection and community linkage mechanism:


  Set up a temporary isolation point in the peripheral area of the office building to isolate those who have exceeded the standard in body temperature detection and have symptoms such as cough and chest tightness, and inform the medical staff to take them away, while keeping the high-frequency area disinfected.



  3, fully open online communication, information check at any time.


  You can check the emergency announcements of office buildings during the epidemic by downloading and identifying the excellent O+APP/ applet, and you can communicate online in the property services module at any time. For partners who need property services during the epidemic, you can learn about the relevant service contents and the application methods of the contents in the O+ property services section and download the required application materials in advance.



  4, peace of mind package, safe delivery


  During the epidemic, Premier Property and Premier Commerce launched the "Peace of Mind Package" office delivery service. The property will be delivered by a dedicated person under overall management, and the exclusive channel for epidemic prevention and control will be delivered safely, effectively reducing the contact of unconventional personnel, reducing the risk of personnel contacting and spreading the epidemic, and ensuring office safety.



  5. Set up express-take-away transfer station.


  During the epidemic period, in order to reduce the contact frequency, the courier/takeaway personnel will deliver the goods to the courier cabinet or the designated area, and the excellent building distribution staff will uniformly control the goods and kill and protect the transfer station.



  6, artificial+thermal imaging thermometer double guarantee


  In order to identify the fever more conveniently and effectively, in the excellent and dense office building, a thermal imaging thermometer is used at the same time of manual temperature measurement, and a special person is assigned to monitor the temperature measurement of personnel in real time.



  7, enterprise restaurant epidemic control


  For corporate customers, there are staff restaurants. In terms of restaurant epidemic control, Zhuoyue Property has also formulated and launched a series of services for employees to eat with confidence. Including daily inspection of restaurants; Adjust the spacing and orientation of tables and chairs in the dining room to keep one-way dining; Assist corporate customers to customize the dining demand statistics, summarize the daily demand and package the catering suppliers in advance, so that employees can take the post-meal card to eat, and configure lunch box recycling points on each floor for unified disinfection.



  Second, the new hope service


  1, the establishment of epidemic prevention organizations, the full implementation of various measures.


  The new hope service set up a three-level epidemic prevention organization at the first time, and the group-region-project was in a state of emergency epidemic prevention; Actively respond to the "first-level response" of public health and safety initiated by international and local governments, and strictly implement the national "Safety Production Law" and the enterprise project safety production management system (EHS management); For the temperature detection of customers and employees of commercial enterprises, their own employees, outsourced employees and foreigners, all personnel are required to wear masks, strengthen the management measures of entrances and exits, and implement temperature detection and real-name registration; Most employees cancel their vacations and have been fighting in the front line; Establish an emergency liaison organization for commercial and enterprise projects and implement "one daily report"; Start the inventory and reserve of epidemic prevention materials; Follow up and respond to the epidemic prevention information published by the health department, hospital and street office of the country and the city.



  2, the implementation of internet plus wisdom.


  Business buildings are often crowded with people, and most of them have migrated during the epidemic period. In order to ensure the health and safety of all enterprises and employees, New Hope Service cooperated with supplier partners to urgently develop and complete the access management system of "internet plus Smart Pass" in five days, and collected the necessary information on epidemic prevention for all the people entering and leaving, and checked and verified their health status and contact history in advance.



  3, garage automatic spraying disinfection, pedestrian disinfection blanket


  Auto-spraying disinfection is installed in the garage, and the wheel parts are disinfected centrally for safety and epidemic prevention; Pedestrians are provided with disinfection blankets and a 1-meter equidistant safe queuing area, so that customers can "be farther away and feel more at ease".



  4. Elevator Jiugongge


  Advocate low-floor customers to exercise and climb stairs; High-rise customers take the elevator in nine squares.



  5, cloud disinfection


  "Disinfection in the Cloud" The new service products developed during the epidemic period have stimulated small and micro enterprises to meet the epidemic prevention needs of owners and customers, while developing their own business, they have reduced the impact of the epidemic on the survival and development of small and micro enterprises.



  6, box meal distribution


  After the enterprise returns to work, it provides lunch box distribution for customers in the park/office building; The whole process of lunch box from production to distribution is ultraviolet disinfection, so that customers can rest assured of their office and life.



  7. Joint epidemic prevention


  New Hope Service creates a safe working environment for customers, not only for one customer, but also for the health of all enterprises and employees. We especially appeal to all enterprises to work together with New Hope Service to build an epidemic response plan and strengthen epidemic prevention from four dimensions: environment, personnel, materials and system.



  III. Poly Commercial Property


  Under the guidance of Poly Property Headquarters, Poly Commercial Property quickly compiled a number of special guiding documents, which not only created a set of "2358" office building epidemic prevention practical guidelines for hard-core epidemic prevention, but also formed a number of characteristic business-run epidemic prevention measures to prepare for the epidemic prevention for the majority of businesses to return to work.


  1, the addition of "epidemic prevention gas station":


  Starting from the details, an "epidemic prevention gas station" was added in the lobby of each project, equipped with disposable disinfection supplies to provide disinfection convenience for the majority of businesses.



  2, thermal imaging infrared temperature measurement:


  Projects such as Tianmu Square, International Plaza and Poly Clovis are equipped with thermal imaging temperature measuring equipment for temperature measurement, which can efficiently, quickly and safely measure the temperature of personnel, speed up the entry of businesses and avoid crowd gathering.



  3. Special trash can for non-connected induction discarded masks:


  Set up a non-contact intelligent induction trash can, and set up professional cleaning personnel to clean and disinfect it regularly, and then uniformly remove it from the street to reduce secondary pollution and infection caused by contact with pollutants when discarded.



  4. Stick a nine-square grid on the elevator, a floor sticker indicating the queuing interval at the entrance and exit of the lobby, and a sole disinfection pool.




  5, set up a takeaway pick-up point:


  Staff canteens in office buildings shall formulate access guidelines, control the flow of people, replace in-class meals with takeout, and encourage bringing their own lunch boxes for healthy dining.



  6, bottom business management:


  Strengthen the patrol of shops and ask shops to do well in epidemic prevention work such as temperature measurement, disinfection and wearing masks; During the epidemic, convenience stores and restaurants were suspended.



  IV. Zhongzhou Property


  At present, it is at the peak of enterprises’ resumption of work and production, and it is also the key node to promote the anti-epidemic work of commercial properties. Zhongzhou Property has strengthened prevention and control measures to fully support office customers to return to work safely and efficiently.


  1, staff epidemic prevention training and pre-job self-examination, security to protect customers in order to protect customers more safely, all projects strengthen the protection and logistics support of on-the-job front-line employees to ensure adequate supply of materials; Conduct employee self-examination before taking up the post to enhance the awareness of prevention; Grasp the dynamic whereabouts of employees who have not returned to work, and return to work only after compulsory isolation.



  ▲ In the case of national material shortage, each project mobilized all forces to reserve sufficient protective materials, and distributed protective gloves and masks to front-line employees every day to reassure employees and customers.



  ▲ Conduct daily knowledge training on epidemic prevention and control, so that everyone can understand and pay attention to the epidemic, so as to prevent the virus more effectively and scientifically; Front-line personnel self-test their body temperature before work every day, record the data, monitor in real time, and punch cards online for employees who have not returned to work every day.


  2. Group prevention and control of the epidemic situation, and coordination of enterprises to return to work and fight the epidemic situation requires group prevention and control. At this time, the propaganda and prevention of the epidemic situation is particularly important. In the lobby of each office building project, various announcements such as warm tips on epidemic prevention, company epidemic prevention documents, epidemic prevention and control guidelines, etc. are placed, and important tips such as wearing masks and taking temperature when returning to work are broadcast on the electronic screen. At the same time, do our best to coordinate the resumption of work and production.



  ▲ Before the resumption of work, the property managers of each project repeatedly issued the notice of resumption of work in the customer base, actively assisted the enterprise to apply for resumption of work, kept in touch with customers at all times, and solved problems for customers online; And for the enterprises that have resumed work, disinfection and disinfection will be carried out to remind them to work in isolation and off-peak, and the property service center will do its utmost to help enterprises resume work safely.


  3. Control personnel in and out, and build a security line to prevent the epidemic. SCC, Zhongzhou Building, Yiluan Building, Zhongjing Building, Quark Space and other projects will reduce the number of people/vehicles in and out, and set up epidemic monitoring points. If there is any abnormality, it will be reported in time. If there are external personnel working, health monitoring and registration are required; Customers and vehicles returning from outside the province are strictly registered, focusing on customers returning from Hubei. If there are fever cases, report them to the community for registration and testing in time.



  ▲ Set up temperature detection zone and temporary isolation zone, and strictly control the import and export of personnel and vehicles: set up temperature detection zone and temporary isolation zone at the entrance of the lobby for each project to detect everyone entering and leaving the building, and some projects use thermal imaging thermometers.



  ▲ Set up take-away and express transfer stations, lunch box recycling stations and special garbage bins for "discarded masks": In order to reduce personal contact, set up take-away and express transfer stations for each project for unified management and unified receiving and dispatching. At the same time, set up a lunch box recycling bin and a special garbage bin for "discarded lunch boxes" to separate the "discarded masks" from other garbage, and the property management personnel will disinfect them regularly.


  4, scientific epidemic prevention, comprehensive disinfection office lobby public areas, elevators inside and outside, floor toilets, public central air conditioning and parking lot high-frequency disinfection, return to work project will adopt positive pressure air supply mode of central air conditioning, and open some curtain wall windows of the building to form ventilation convection, so as to ensure the safe supply of building ventilation and central air conditioning.



  ▲ High-frequency disinfection of public areas in the lobby, inside and outside elevators, floor toilets and parking lots of central air conditioners in public areas: property cleaning personnel disinfect public parts such as lobby, front desk, access gate, credit card reader and door handle every half hour; All lobby front desk, elevator hall, elevator and other dense places provide disposable disinfectant and disposable key paper for customers to access; Thoroughly and deeply clean and disinfect the bathroom sanitary ware at least twice a week; Disinfect and sterilize trash cans and garbage transfer stations in public areas at least twice a day without dead ends.



  ▲ Safeguard measures for central air-conditioning disinfection in public areas: the frequency of spraying disinfection at the outlet of central air-conditioning is increased to 4 times a day, so as to ensure that fresh air can be taken directly from the outside and there is no pollution source around, so as to keep the building fresh and meet the normal office needs; Each project focuses on cleaning, disinfection and disinfection of underground parking lots, garbage stations, greening around the project and all corners.


  ▲ Thoroughly disinfect important locations such as parking lots: each project focuses on cleaning, disinfection and disinfection of underground parking lots, garbage stations, greening around the project and all corners.


  Extraordinary times, very protective. Zhongzhou Property declared war on the epidemic situation in COVID-19 with stricter control measures, more frequent environmental disinfection, more appropriate property management services and more efficient epidemic prevention actions, and took practical actions to protect businesses and defend their homes.


  V. South China City Commercial Management


  1, the introduction of special prevention and control guidelines, to adopt the "special rotation+party member Xianfeng Gang" model.


  In order to help business owners in the park to improve their correct treatment of the epidemic, South China City Commercial Management issued the South China City Commercial Management Prevention novel coronavirus Epidemic Plan and the South China City Commercial Management novel coronavirus Epidemic Prevention and Control Operation Guide, so that every employee can understand the epidemic prevention and control and health knowledge, and carry out the epidemic prevention and control work correctly and effectively. In the publicity of prevention and control, the commercial management of South China City adopts the mode of "special person rotating guard+party member Xianfeng post", and the eight-city management project publicizes the knowledge of epidemic prevention and control around the clock.



  2. Strengthen the control of the first line of defense for import and export. The professional market in the park covers a large area. In order to pay attention to the effectiveness of card point setting, each professional market only has one main entrance and exit, and the staff is on duty 24 hours a day to check the passing vehicles, so that every vehicle must be inspected and no one is missed. A strict registration and confirmation system is implemented for foreign personnel, so that the number of foreign personnel is clear and the detection effect is ensured.



  3. Cooperate with the government, closely track and report in real time. The leaders of South China City Commercial Management cooperated with the port area industrial and commercial bureau, law enforcement bureau and other departments to investigate the relevant personnel discovered by the big data of the Ministry of Public Security, and carried out key epidemic prevention and disinfection on the surrounding areas and vehicles of the merchant. At the same time, the staff closely followed the development of the situation, cooperated with the port industrial and commercial bureau and professional medical staff to carry out medical examination on specific personnel, and reported the personnel’s condition to the government and the company in real time to ensure the first response, the first arrival and the first solution.



  4. The matrix combination spread the propaganda of epidemic prevention and control everywhere. The leaders of the commercial management operation layer in South China City and the principal responsible persons of various departments went to work normally, issued prevention and control instructions in time, broadcast the prevention and control trends, closely monitored the implementation of epidemic prevention and control work in the park, and ensured that the organization, measures and publicity were in place. More than 3,000 epidemic prevention and control notices were posted and more than 800 banners were made. Outdoor big screen, real-time broadcast of epidemic prevention and control announcements and knowledge posters on outdoor LED screens at important intersections in various parks in the form of rolling play all day.



  VI. Jindi Property


  Jindi Property established a five-level prevention and control mechanism at the first time. Take Shenzhen Jindi Weixin Software Park as an example, because the property service team of Weixin Software Park experienced SARS in 2003 and accumulated rich experience, they quickly made an accurate prediction of the epidemic situation, timely reserved epidemic prevention materials, and deployed them to the relevant property service personnel in Shenzhen to rework on duty on the premise of meeting the government’s epidemic prevention screening and regulations for duty personnel.




  Part of the five-level epidemic prevention mechanism of Jindiweixin




  Set up temporary isolation zone


  Yi Labao, exhibition stands, banners, etc. for epidemic prevention publicity are put into the project; Robot Xiaojin also joined the ranks of epidemic prevention propaganda; At the same time, do a good job in epidemic prevention tips at customer contacts. Comprehensively strengthen the epidemic prevention awareness of office workers in buildings.


  Set up a temporary isolation zone. If the temperature is higher than 37.2℃, it should be isolated immediately, and report it to the command team immediately, organize the evacuation of personnel in relevant areas, and seal the relevant areas; After being proved by the hospital that the over-temperature personnel have eliminated the abnormality, organize the comprehensive disinfection of the work area; If abnormalities cannot be ruled out, or suspected cases with fever, cough, fatigue and other symptoms are found, they should be reported to the superior leaders at the first time, and then reported to the community, CDC and other relevant government departments after approval by the command group, and handled according to the guidance of professional departments.


  At the same time, Jindi Property uses Jindi Commercial Service to manage APP Gelink intelligently to help fight the epidemic, and its business advocates online handling to reduce unnecessary close contact; Set up "Golden Day" protection tips online and regularly forward publicity and epidemic prevention knowledge. In addition, each project forms a daily epidemic prevention and control report and publishes it, which is open and transparent, so that customers can work with confidence.



  GelinkAPP helps epidemic prevention


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This article was first published on WeChat WeChat official account: Yihan Think Tank. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

(Editor: Wang Zhiqiang HF013)