Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 7 (Reporter Pan Linqing) Wang Xiulin, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of Qingdao Municipal Political Consultative Conference, pointed out that the integration of urban and rural sanitation is a livelihood project to meet people’s expectations and improve rural living environment. In recent years, the integration of urban and rural sanitation in China has improved significantly, but management still needs to be further strengthened.

　　Wang Xiulin said that at present, there are three main problems in the integration of urban and rural sanitation. First, there are double standards in urban and rural areas in environmental governance, and there is a lack of overall planning; Second, the comprehensive management of urban and rural environment "Jiulong Water Control", planning, construction, environmental protection, water conservancy, agriculture and other departments "all manage one pool", it is difficult to form a joint force; Third, the disclosure of environmental protection information is restricted.

　　Wang Xiulin suggested that the overall standards for urban and rural sanitation management should be established, the urban-rural and regional divisions should be effectively broken, and unified standards for planning, construction, operation, monitoring, governance and emergency should be realized for sewage treatment and garbage disposal. We should earnestly establish the concept of "green development" among leading cadres at all levels, especially the main leaders of provinces and cities, establish a system of joint departmental meetings, strengthen the cooperation and linkage of planning, construction, public utilities, agriculture, environmental protection, publicity and other departments, pay close attention to supervision and assessment, and strengthen the accountability of accidents.

　　Wang Xiulin proposed to improve the environmental information disclosure mechanism. For example, we can speed up the transformation of the environmental monitoring system model, establish a data warehouse that meets the requirements of the real-time "full monitoring" model on the premise of realizing the unified standards and interconnection of monitoring statistical data management systems in environmental protection, water conservancy, agriculture and other departments, and coordinate the layout of environmental monitoring stations such as regional pollution sources and key river basins, so as to integrate and upgrade the current "segmented monitoring" system into a unified and real-time "full monitoring".

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Zone 0551-3522788 Anhui (Province) Wuhu Wuhu Yaxia Yaxia Automobile City, Yijiangbei Road, Wuhu City 0553-2867288 Anhui (Province) Anqing Anqing huantong Anqing Development Zone Area 7-(2) 0556-5357228 Anhui (Province) Fuyang Fuyang zhengtong South Second Ring Road, Fuyang City, Anhui Province 0558-2171111 Anhui (Province) Bengbu Bengbu wind star Middle section of Donghai Avenue, Bengbu City 0552-3714000 Guangdong seaport Hainan Yangpu Anhua auto sales service co., ltd No.116 Nanhai Avenue, Haikou City 0898-36388876 Guangdong Shantou Shantou Jianwei economic & trading co., ltd Building 11-18, industrial workshop on the south side of Zhuchi Road, Shantou City 0754-8803506 Guangdong Huizhou Huizhou biaoyuan automobile co., ltd No.14 Yandayi Road, Huizhou Automobile Market 0752-2526388 Guangdong Meizhou Meizhou shengda auto sales service co., ltd Xishan Section of National Highway 205 in Meixian County, Guangdong Province (next to Xincheng Paifang) 0753-2530000-803 Guangdong Foshan Foshan xieli automobile trading co., ltd East of Fancun Section of National Highway 325 in the south of Foshan City 0757-83136020 Guangdong Foshan Foshan Nanhai district shunxieli automobile trading co., ltd G15, Haiba Road Automobile Market, Guicheng, Nanhai District, Foshan City 0757-86263153 Guangdong Foshan Foshan Shunde district xieli automobile trading co., ltd Shunde Daliang Guangzhu Highway Xinsong Section Xinxieli Automobile City 0757-22333776 Guangdong Foshan Foshan yanghai auto sales service co., ltd Side of Pingzhou Telecom Building, Nangang Avenue, Foping Road, Pingzhou, Nanhai 0757-86761111 Guangdong Jiangmen Jiangmen meichang automobile trading co., ltd No.54 Jianshesan Road, Jiangmen City 0750-3285321 Guangdong Zhongshan Zhongshan lide auto sales service co., ltd Linggang Section of Zhongshan Sixth Road, Zhongshan City 0760-5338333 Guangdong Zhuhai Zhuhai south auto service co., ltd Jiechong, Guangzhu West Road, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province 0756-8638111 Guangdong Dongguan Dongguan juntong automobile trading co., ltd Wentang Road, Guanzhang Highway, Liaobu Town, Dongguan City 0769-83229502 Guangdong Dongguan Dongguan guang Wu jun Hao industry investment co., ltd Xicheng Business District, beside National Highway 107, Wanjiang District, Dongguan City 0769-22703999 Guangdong Dongguan Dongguan suitong auto sales service co., ltd Opposite Fuying Hotel, Guantai Road, Nancheng District, Dongguan City 0769-85926038 Guangdong Nanning Guangxi hongtong auto sales service co., ltd No.41 Anji Avenue, Nanning 0771-3130913 Guangdong Nanning Guangxi guantong auto sales service co., ltd No.36-6 Baisha Avenue, Nanning, Guangxi 0771-4922615 Guangdong Liuzhou Liuzhou yingtong auto sales service co., ltd No.15, West Ring Road, Liuzhou, Guangxi 0772-3725956 Guangdong Guilin Guilin hongfan guitong auto sales service co., ltd No.29-2-2, Bali Street Economic and Technological Development Zone, Guilin City 0773-2638991 Guangdong a city in Guangdong Province Zhanjiang yanghai auto service co., ltd No.48, Renmin Avenue North, Chikan District, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province 0759-3279383 Guangdong Shaoguan Shaoguan chengfeng automobile trading co., ltd Four kilometers south of Shaonan Avenue, Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province 0751-6189277 Guangdong Zhaoqing Zhaoqing meilun automobile trading co., ltd East of Zhaoqing College, Yingbin Avenue, Zhaoqing City 0758-2777888-8002

Take the CEO model as an example, the starting price is about 1,417,500 RMB, and the specific price will fluctuate according to the configuration and market preferences. Buying a Maserati is not only the pursuit of luxury, but also a commitment to quality life.

In addition to the price, the cost of owning a Maserati also includes insurance. For example, the annual insurance cost of the president series may be between 28,000 and 41,000 RMB, depending on the vehicle model and the type of insurance selected. In terms of maintenance, such as Maserati GTSport, the minor maintenance is about 3,000 yuan, and the major maintenance is over 1000 yuan. Together with the daily expenses such as fuel, beauty and car wash, it is estimated that the annual cost can reach about 100,000 yuan.

When choosing Maserati, price, performance, brand influence and after-sales service are all important factors. Although Maserati once had close ties with Ferrari and Fiat Group, it is now directly affiliated to Fiat Chrysler Group. As a representative of luxury cars in Italy, Maserati pays attention to the integration of design aesthetics and craft quality, as well as the unremitting pursuit of driving pleasure.

If you are interested in Maserati’s family history, you know that the name comes from Italian railway worker Rudolf Maserati of Carolina and his seven children. Their innovative spirit and love for speed gave birth to this legendary brand. From the founder Alfieri Maserati to the present, the brand has experienced a glorious journey, constantly introducing amazing models to satisfy customers’ desire for luxury and speed.

Of course, each brand has its advantages and disadvantages. For example, compared with Porsche, Maserati may have advantages in some aspects, such as exterior design and luxury interior, but Porsche may be superior in quality control and handling performance. When buying a car, consumers need to make the most appropriate decision according to their own needs and preferences, as well as the budget.

Nehe city Rong media center

Have you ever paid attention to carcinogens around you? Recently, the topic of "super carcinogen Aspergillus flavus around us" has attracted attention in Weibo.

Aflatoxin is a strong carcinogen produced by Aspergillus flavus! As early as 1993, aflatoxin was classified as a class 1 carcinogen by the World Health Organization, with its toxicity 68 times that of arsenic, 10 times that of potassium cyanide, and 70 times that of dimethylnitrosamine, which is extremely destructive to liver tissue. Regular intake may increase the risk of liver cancer. [1]

In addition to aflatoxin, there are actually some "carcinogens" around us, which are likely to enter the diet and life every day.

1. Aflatoxin: moldy grain and nuts.

Among moldy foods, one kind of mildew comes from Aspergillus flavus, especially in grain. In 2007, an assessment of dietary exposure of Chinese aflatoxin published in China Journal of Food Hygiene pointed out that corn and rice were the main contribution foods to dietary exposure of Chinese aflatoxin. [2]

Reproduction and use of copyright pictures in the gallery may lead to copyright disputes.

In addition, peanuts and peanut oil may also contain aflatoxin.

Common sources of aflatoxin

Moldy corn, rice

Moldy, especially in foods with high starch content, such as corn and rice.

Deteriorated nut

When you eat bitter nuts, you must spit them out immediately and rinse your mouth.

Broken and unclean bamboo and wood chopsticks

Chopsticks themselves will not grow Aspergillus flavus, and starch is easily hidden in unwashed chopsticks, which poses a risk of mildew.

Inferior sesame paste

Using inferior and deteriorated sesame seeds and peanuts as raw materials, aflatoxin may exist in peanuts.

Earth-pressed peanut oil

Some "earth-squeezed oil" or self-squeezed oil has no quality control, and the equipment is not easy to be thoroughly cleaned, and the residual oil stains and grain residues are easy to mildew. [3]

2. benzopyrene: food that has been roasted and fried at high temperature.

Pan Zhanhe, deputy chief physician of the Oncology Department of Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, said in the Health Times article in 2017 that heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may be produced in the production process by barbecue or smoking, among which the most well-known one is benzopyrene, which may be contained in many baked and smoked foods. [4]

A study published in Jinan University in 2018 found that the intake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the barbecue process was: eating barbecue food > skin contact > lung inhalation.

This means that during barbecue, the skin absorbs more carcinogens than the lungs inhale. [5]

Common sources of benzopyrene

roast

It may be produced during barbecue or smoking.

High temperature fried food

Cooking oil will produce a lot of benzopyrene at high temperature, and the higher the oil temperature, the more it will be produced.

Cooking oil fume

The cooking fume will also carry benzopyrene, so don’t wait for the oil in the pot to smoke before putting the food. [6]

3. nitrosamines: smoked and pickled food.

Zhang Qin, vice president of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, said in the program "Meeting a Famous Doctor" on Jiangsu City Channel in 2019 that smoked bacon food contains a lot of nitrosamines, and the incidence of some digestive system tumors, such as esophageal cancer, is related to the intake of nitrosamines in the diet. When smoked food and wine are ingested together, the harm of nitrosamines to human health will multiply. [7]

Reproduction and use of copyright pictures in the gallery may lead to copyright disputes.

Pickled products often contain more nitrite. Although nitrite itself does not cause cancer, it will combine with protein to form nitrosamines when it enters the body. In addition, some nitrosamine compounds, such as nitrosodimethylamine, will be produced in the process of dehydration of Chinese salted fish, which are carcinogenic. [8]

Common sources of nitrosamines or nitrites

Processed meat products

Nitrite is added to some processed meat products such as sausages, ham and bacon.

Overnight dish

Overnight vegetables, especially overnight green leafy vegetables, will produce nitrite, and the nutrition will be discounted.

Smoked and cured food

Pickles, salted fish, bacon, high-salt pickled and smoked foods contain nitrite. For example, the most nitrite in pickles is between two or three days and ten days after the start of pickling. [9]

4. Tobacco tar: inhaled by tobacco burning.

Smoking and second-hand tobacco smoke are classified as Class 1 carcinogens. During the burning process of cigarettes, nearly 4000 new chemicals are formed. Most of these substances are harmful to people, among which nicotine, nitric oxide and tobacco tar are the most harmful, and the latter is the chief culprit of cancer. [10]

Moreover, smoking is not only a kind of cancer that causes lung cancer, but also closely related to the occurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, oral cancer, esophageal cancer and other related cancers.

5. Acetaldehyde: an intermediate product produced after drinking.

The main component of wine is ethanol, which is oxidized into acetaldehyde after entering liver cells. The latter is hepatotoxic and carcinogenic, and excessive accumulation in the body will cause serious harm to the liver. [11]

Reproduction and use of copyright pictures in the gallery may lead to copyright disputes.

Acetaldehyde related to the intake of alcoholic beverages is classified as a class 1 carcinogen. According to the statistics in the 2014 World Cancer Report, 3.5% of cancers are caused by alcohol, and one in every 30 cancer deaths is caused by alcohol. [12]

Although there are various carcinogens around us, carcinogens can cause some cancers, which refers to a possibility after long-term and excessive intake. If you only eat a little occasionally or touch it occasionally, don’t worry, it’s still safe.

Original title: "Five super carcinogens hidden around you, see if you eat them often! 》

Read the original text

In 2023, online celebrity Car will be the M7, but in 2024, online celebrity Car will become the M9. Thanks to Huawei’s belief, the M7 has achieved excellent order performance, so we will look forward to the monthly delivery limit of the M9.

According to the previous reports, the cumulative success of the M9 has exceeded the 40,000 mark, which is an excellent performance for a self-owned brand new energy vehicle with a price of over 500,000. "Far ahead" may really not be an advertisement.

So, where is the bottom spirit of M9′ s "far ahead"? The author shot M9 in the shop a few days ago. Let’s find the answer together.

In terms of appearance, the front face of Wenjie M9 adopts a relatively rounded design style, and the closed grille is more common for new energy vehicles. There are raised ribs on both sides of the front hatch cover, which has a strong sense of strength; The headlight group adopts blackening treatment, and supports projection function, which is connected by penetrating daytime running lights, effectively stretching the horizontal visual width of the front face.

The lower enclosing part adopts three-stage design, and the fenders on both sides are designed with vertically arranged guide grooves, which can improve aerodynamic performance; At the bottom, there is a large rectangular air inlet, and the interior is decorated with a banner structure, which has a strong sense of layering. The roof is also equipped with a laser radar, which means supporting high-order assisted driving functions.

In terms of side modeling, the two-color body creates a suspended roof, and the style is more fashionable; The roof is equipped with a thick luggage rack, which effectively increases the sense of strength; The waistline is through, and the chrome-plated strips around the window and the side skirt highlight the layering of the side of the car body, and at the same time make the visual effect look slender; The door handle adopts a pop-up shape, which can reduce the wind resistance; The wheel hub adopts multi-frame modeling, which gives people a more atmospheric feeling.

In terms of tail modeling, the roof is equipped with a large spoiler and high-position brake lights, and the blackened taillight group adopts a penetrating design, which effectively stretches the lateral visual width of the tail; The license plate frame area adopts concave design, which embellishes the three-dimensional sense of the rear of the car; The shape of the lower enclosing part is relatively simple, with small fog lights integrated on both sides and silver-gray rubbing plates at the bottom.

In terms of dimensions, the length, width and height of the bound M9 are 5230/1999/1800mm and the wheelbase is 3110mm, respectively, and it is positioned as a large SUV.

The interior belongs to a relatively simple design style, including a three-position multi-function steering wheel, an all-LCD instrument panel, an embedded central control panel, a co-pilot entertainment screen and an electronic fender. The overall sense of science and technology is relatively in place, and the central control panel runs HarmonyOS OS, which shows excellent performance in both functionality and fluency.

Seats adopt a six-seat layout of 2+2+2, the second row adopts two independent seats, and the central passage is relatively wide, which is convenient for the passengers in the third row to get on and off. The electric adjustment/ventilation/heating/massage of the first and second rows of seats are standard in the whole system, and the third row of seats also supports electric adjustment and heating functions.

In terms of assisted driving function, Wenjie M9 is equipped with assisted driving hardware consisting of a laser radar, 11 cameras, 12 ultrasonic radars and 3 millimeter-wave radars, which can realize high-speed NOA function, and the urban NOA function needs to be opened for a fee.

In terms of configuration, the M9 comes standard with air suspension, panoramic image, front and rear parking radar, sectional non-openable sunroof, automatic wiper, front 50W wireless charging, 25-speaker speaker and other functions.

In terms of power, the extended range version is equipped with a hybrid system consisting of a 1.5T range extender and two motors. The maximum power of the range extender is 112kW, the combined maximum power of the two motors is 365kW, the peak torque is 675N·m, and the zero acceleration time is 4.9 seconds. The battery pack capacity is 42kWh, the pure electric cruising range under CLTC condition is 225km, and the comprehensive cruising range under WLTC condition can reach 1210km.

Moreover, the extended-range version can also be equipped with a 52kWh battery pack. The pure electric cruising range of CLTC is increased to 275km, and the comprehensive cruising range of WLTC can reach 1239km.

The pure electric version is also equipped with front and rear dual motors, with a comprehensive maximum power of 390kW, a peak torque of 673N·m, and an acceleration time of 4.3 seconds. The capacity of the battery pack is 100kWh, and the pure electric cruising range of CLTC is 630km.

Concluding remarks

Through experience, the author was deeply impressed by the space and configuration of the M9. Although the appearance is full of atmosphere, the originality is not particularly high. The interior has a certain sense of science and technology, but the black edge of the instrument panel is wide, which affects the sense of grade to some extent.

At the same level, the biggest advantage of the M9 is the driver assistance function. Even though the actual effect is not clear, users trust Huawei, which is unmatched by any other brand. Perhaps this is the strength of being far ahead.

　　False death certificate

　　Screenshot of reporters chatting with merchants

　　Nowadays, handling business on behalf of the public is quite popular. Have you ever heard that a "death certificate" can also handle it? Recently, a reporter’s investigation found that you can get a death certificate without spending 200 yuan on the online platform. A merchant "intimate" said that if you need to go to court to increase your chips, you can also open a "notice of critical illness", which is more effective than a "death certificate". It is worth mentioning that during the investigation, the reporter noticed that the "death certificate" templates created by merchants are varied, and some even have incomplete basic identity information. Relevant legal persons reminded that if a merchant knows that the buyer regards it as perjury and sells it maliciously, it is suspected of violating the law.

　　shock

　　You can open a "death certificate" without going to 200 yuan.

　　Merchant: There are formal channels in the hospital.

　　On the morning of November 22nd, the reporter searched for the word "critically ill" on Taobao platform, and some agency businesses popped up, with the key words marked as providing sick leave and other services. When private messages are asked, merchants will often ask consultants to add their WeChat. The reporter tweeted and added WeChat of three merchants.

　　The first merchant said that he could issue a death certificate, the price of which was 130 yuan, and he only needed to tell his name, ID number, address and time of death. Another businessman said that he can issue death certificates from hospitals all over the country. "160 yuan from a regular top three hospital needs his name, ID number, time of death and why he died." The merchant said that he has formal channels in the hospital. The third merchant said that his death certificate was sold in 150 yuan, which was also true.

　　The reporter noticed that the templates of death certificates provided by the three merchants are different. Some only indicate the patient’s name, age, hospitalization number, cause of death and time of death, while others are very comprehensive, including identity number, actual age, specific place of death (hospital ward, emergency room, on the way to the hospital), the cause of death, and the highest diagnostic basis of the disease.

　　More shocked

　　You can also open a notice of critical illness

　　Merchants: You can increase your "chips" when defending your rights.

　　During the conversation, a merchant said that his own death certificate can be used to open a hospital or a police station, and the price of the death certificate of the police station is relatively high. Immediately, he said that it is necessary to know the purpose of the death certificate. If the death certificate is used for criminal disputes through legal channels, it will not be issued. "That risk is too great, and you are also dangerous. The death certificate of the hospital can be opened here." "

　　Later, the merchant said that if a person has not died and needs to go to court or defend his rights, he can issue a corresponding notice of critical illness to the hospital. "If you take it, you will raise your chips. If you really die, you will not pay so much, and the notice of critical illness will pay more." In response to the question raised by the reporter of the New Yellow River whether it is reliable and whether the hospital will verify it, the other party said that "people lying in bed are also critically ill. If you die, it is unrealistic. After all, people are not really dead. The critically ill notice is already very serious, and it will definitely increase the chips. I can also open an injury appraisal here, and I can give you a serious one. "

　　The reporter found in the China Judgment Document Network that some civil disputes really revolved around the falsification of injury identification, and some litigants complained that the injured did not touch some parts, but their injury identification documents showed different results.

　　Distinguish truth from falsehood

　　Medical practitioners: part of the proof is "fake at a glance"

　　Is the "fake death" certificate provided by the above-mentioned merchants reliable? The reporter consulted two staff members of the top three hospitals. The other party said that some death certificates did not even indicate the information such as the ID number of the deceased, which was a "one-look leave".

　　Speak the law

　　Lawyer:

　　Handling false death certificates

　　It is a crime

　　Search found that in recent years, there are not a few oolong mistakes caused by forging death certificates. In 2020, a man in Jiangsu was released on bail for defrauding 1.9 million yuan, in an attempt to evade the trial by giving himself a fake death certificate, cremation certificate and account cancellation certificate. In the end, the man was added to the crime of forging official documents and seals of state organs.

　　"Formal judicial authentication documents often come from judicial authentication centers and need to check their qualifications. Casual injury identification, death certificate, etc., if used for dispute handling, the court also needs to examine its authenticity. " Lawyer Yuan Qian of Shandong Zhengtang Law Firm said that such acts as men obtaining false death certificates to get rid of crimes are very bad in nature and have been criminal acts.

　　The reporter learned that according to the Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), forging, altering, buying or selling or stealing, robbing or destroying official documents, certificates and seals of state organs are sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention, public surveillance or deprivation of political rights; If the circumstances are serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 3 years but not more than 10 years. Whoever forges the seal of a company, enterprise, institution or people’s organization shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention, public surveillance or deprivation of political rights.

　　According to the new yellow river client

　　Spend 130 yuan to "fake death"

　　How can the platform be really blind?

　　Journalists can find these fake shops through keyword search and other methods. If the platform with more information and data is really managed, it is impossible to manage it.

　　Critical notice and death certificate are extremely serious medical documents, which are related to people’s life and death. However, such documents are actually sold on the Internet at will, and you only need to spend more than 100 yuan to provide your ID number, address and time of death, and you can choose the death certificates of hospitals all over the country. From the convenience of purchase and the low cost of counterfeiting, we can see how mature the "grey production chain" behind the proof has reached.

　　The fraud of critical notice and death certificate is obvious. In 2020, a man in Jiangsu was released on bail for defrauding 1.9 million yuan, in an attempt to evade the trial by giving himself a fake death certificate, cremation certificate and account cancellation certificate. In addition, news such as helping yourself to defend your rights by issuing a certificate, which is used to defraud insurance, also appears from time to time. It is conceivable that false proof of "grey property" not only undermines social integrity, but also inevitably encourages a large number of illegal and criminal acts, bringing unpredictable risks to society.

　　Similar to proving counterfeiting, both buyers and sellers have violated the law. Merchants who forge such certificates for a certain amount or times, or cause serious harmful consequences, will be suspected of forging, altering, buying and selling official documents, certificates and seals of state organs. The Law on Public Security Administration Punishment also has corresponding penalties for "buying, selling or using forged or altered official documents, certificates and supporting documents of state organs, people’s organizations, enterprises, institutions or other organizations". However, why is the underground chain behind this still rampant?

　　Among them, the indulgence of related platforms is probably a key factor. In fact, it is nothing new to falsify critically ill notices and death certificates. Over the years, there have been constant media reports. However, often, as soon as there is media intervention, the relevant platforms will pay attention to it. For example, last year, a man in Jiangsu bought a fake death certificate and tried to escape the trial, and the relevant online stores were cleaned up. It can wait until the news is over, and the daily management of the platform becomes lax, which proves that "gray production" will make a comeback.

　　Admittedly, the transaction of forged certificates has certain concealment. For example, according to the investigation of reporters, some shops are drained through the online platform, and then negotiate and trade through WeChat, which will indeed bring certain difficulties to the supervision of the platform. However, if you make full use of big data, it is not difficult to identify these illegal shops. Journalists can find these fake shops through keyword search and other methods. If the platform with more information and data is really managed, it is impossible to manage it.

　　Of course, for the supervision of similar forged certification transactions, we can’t just hope for the platform’s consciousness. As the relevant regulatory authorities, they also have the responsibility to supervise and compact the main responsibility of each platform. For the network platform that indulges and proves "gray production", it is not just self-examination and correction, but should be punished according to law. In this way, we can force the platform to "keep the soil responsible" and try our best to cut off the trading chain that proves "gray production".

　　Chengdu Business Daily-Special Commentator of Red Star News Yu Ping

　　Beijing, 24 Nov (reporter Fan Weichen from Zhongqing Daily, Zhongqing.com) Today, Beijing Education Examinations Institute announced the Scoring Standard for Physical Education and Health Assessment of Compulsory Education in Beijing (hereinafter referred to as "Scoring Standard"), which was put into use in the senior high school entrance examination in 2024.

　　In December, 2021, Beijing Municipal Education Commission issued "Beijing Compulsory Education Physical Education and Health Assessment Scheme", which not only increased the process assessment, but also greatly adjusted the content of on-the-spot examination, further expanded the number of items, and adopted the method of classifying and restricting the selection. It was divided into four categories and set up 22 examination contents, of which the first category (quality item 1) middle-distance running events (1000m for boys and 800m for girls) were required.

　　According to reports, compared with the original on-site examination items of the senior high school entrance examination for physical education, on the one hand, Beijing has scientifically adjusted the original item standards, including five items: 1000 meters for boys, 800 meters for girls, pull-ups, sit-ups and solid balls, among which four items, 1000 meters for boys, 800 meters for girls, pull-ups and sit-ups, are also the National Physical Health Standards for Students (revised in 2014) On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the data of physical education senior high school entrance examination, sampling test and unified test since 2017, according to the national students’ physical health standards, it is adjusted according to the principle of "reaching good is full score". On the other hand, the standards for newly added items are formulated scientifically, and the 17 newly added items are also formulated in accordance with the principle of "reaching good marks means full marks", with reference to the National Physical Training Standards, sports-related standards for senior high school entrance examinations in other provinces and cities, empirical data analysis and expert argumentation opinions. The new project is not more difficult than the original project.

　　"The purpose of physical education entering the senior high school entrance examination is not to assign children three or six grades through the examination, but to give physical education ‘ A place ’ Let parents realize the importance of good health and physical exercise. " Zhang Shuang, an expert who participated in the demonstration of scoring criteria and dean and professor of the School of Education of Capital Normal University, said.

　　According to the Beijing Education Examinations Institute, considering the characteristics of many examination items, many candidates’ choice combinations and different requirements for venues, the examination room will be arranged according to the candidates’ choice combinations and the characteristics of each item. In terms of examination organization, each district will organize the implementation according to the principle of "unified examination time, unified examination items, unified examination rules, unified grading standards, unified venue equipment settings and equipment standards". Each test center is equipped with relevant areas such as candidate assembly area, preparation area, examination area and rescue area, reasonably arrange the examination venues and equipment for each project, and scientifically plan the examination path. During the examination, candidates will be organized and guided by special personnel according to the project and grouping situation to ensure that candidates complete the examination according to the optimization process.

　　Source: China Youth Daily

　　On August 20th, the 2019 World Robotics Congress kicked off in Yizhuang, Beijing. More than 180 well-known enterprises from the global robotics field made amazing appearances with more than 700 cutting-edge products. It was not only an exposition where robots showed their talents and competed with each other, but also an exploration and practice of presenting researchers with "animals" (bionic robots), "people" (commercial robots) and "tools" (intelligent manufacturing equipment) as the innovation direction, so that

　　Big birds, jellyfish, sharks … …

　　Bionic robots are particularly dazzling.

　　Nature and science and technology seem to be two very different disciplines, but in fact they are inextricably linked. At this World Robotics Congress, "bionic robots" that imitate biology and engage in biological characteristics are particularly evident.

　　“3、2、1!” At the moment when the silver-white bird model suddenly flickered its wings and flew vigorously into the air, the audience gave out bursts of exclamation. I saw that it sometimes rotates and sometimes vibrates its arms. After dozens of seconds, it can fly back to the "master’s" arms accurately.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of festo, this intelligent flying bird was designed as a high-performance and ultra-light flying model by the R&D personnel on the basis of successfully analyzing the flight mechanism of birds. Its aerodynamic characteristics are excellent and extremely dexterous. Its wings can not only flap up and down, but also be driven to a specific angle by an active articulated torsion drive unit, and the electronic system integrated on it can accurately and efficiently control its torsion according to the wing position.

　　ROBK-SHARK intelligent bionic shark unmanned submersible developed by Boya Gongdao is also an industrial underwater fish robot platform. According to reports, it uses a three-joint bionic tail fin as the only power source, and is equipped with a 110 wide-angle and 16 times optical zoom starlight camera. The shell adopts membrane vibration sound absorption structure, which can realize underwater low noise work, thus greatly improving the concealment of the equipment.

　　Smart arms, flexible lower limbs, and brain-brain switching … …

　　Humanoid commercial robots are amazing.

　　In the development of robots, imitating human beings has always been one of the main directions. There have been many amazing achievements in the field of humanoid commercial robots.

　　German Agile Robots (Beijing Siling Robot) and Kinifinity jointly developed the wearable motion capture device (glove+coat), which can control the operation of the mechanical arm and dexterous hand freely and remotely, such as steadily grabbing the mineral water bottle and continuously pouring water into the glass. Li Yang, marketing department of Beijing Siling Robot, said that this kind of motion capture remote control equipment has been applied to related operations in space to some extent.

　　In the just-released Guoman Ne Zha, Yi Er’s equipment is mixed with Tian Ling and hot wheels, which is deeply rooted in people’s hearts. Nowadays, the best friend "Little Nezha" (U06), which is similar to Yier’s actions in the field of robotics, makes its debut, and its freely coordinated movement of lower limbs is amazing. According to Liu Xuenan, CEO of Kangli Youlan, it has the ability to intelligently adapt to various complex environments through the combination of lower limb movements with wheeled gait and efficient combination of fast and slow doubles.

　　Chuangchuang, an intelligent business service robot, seems to be able to "see through" children’s temper. According to the relevant person in charge of Chuangze, its biggest feature is to take the lead in completely opening the "brain" and "cerebellum" of robots to users, so that you can quickly learn professional knowledge in various industries and become an "expert".

　　Intelligent manufacturing, warehousing and logistics, diving equipment & HELIP; …

　　Tool robot catches people’s eyes

　　Walking into the industrial robot exhibition area, the most eye-catching thing is that a complete blue intelligent robot arc welding production line is placed in the booth of Shougang in An Chuan. According to Cao Li, deputy general manager of the company, this system can be used to assemble automobile parts intelligently, accurately and efficiently.

　　The L4 logistics unmanned vehicle of Jingdong Logistics can achieve high-precision positioning at the lane level, accurately identify pedestrians, traffic signs and avoid obstacles through the deep integration of laser and vision and the use of high-precision maps. There is also its self-developed Chinese pallet access system, which mainly includes ground wolf AGV, six-axis mechanical arm and vision system, unmanned stacking forklift, four-way shuttle car and three-dimensional shelves.

　　Harbin Institute of Technology Robot Group brought a wearable underwater power backpack developed by one of its technology companies, which is novel and unique. This underwater swimming aid, which can be switched between various sports modes, has a backpack weighing 6.8kg (including battery) and a battery life of 50 minutes. Using the power generated by the electric propeller, divers can complete some difficult movements on the surface and underwater.

　　(Science and Technology Daily, Beijing, August 21st, by reporter Hualing, Liu Yuanyuan and Liu Yan)

Another institutional innovation of patent transformation and application has been comprehensively promoted!

On June 1, 2021, the newly revised patent law was implemented, and the patent open licensing system was added. This system is conducive to the realization of "one-to-many" patent licensing, reducing institutional transaction costs, improving the efficiency of patent transformation, and opening up the "last mile" of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into new quality productivity. With the newly revised Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) officially implemented on January 20th, 2024, the patent open licensing system has been fully implemented. The patentee voluntarily submits a patent opening license statement, and the patent license fee is clearly marked, which is "widely announced" to the whole society by the patent administrative department of the State Council. Any unit or individual can obtain an implementation license by notifying the patentee in writing and paying according to the marked price, and all licensees are treated equally.

Recently, China National Intellectual Property Administration issued a notice on comprehensively promoting the implementation of the patent open licensing system (hereinafter referred to as the notice) and the Measures for the Mediation of Disputes in the Implementation of Patent Open Licensing (for Trial Implementation) (hereinafter referred to as the "Working Measures") and other documents to standardize related work and further promote the implementation of the patent open licensing system.

Open license to build a patent docking bridge

"In just half a year, this patent has created an economic value of nearly 10 million yuan for us!" Hu Chenguang, general manager of Mingji Erffa Intelligent Industrial Technology (Dalian) Co., Ltd. told the reporter. This small and medium-sized enterprise located in Dalian, Liaoning Province, is committed to developing industrial robot automation technology and equipment. At the end of last year, Hu Chenguang found in the local trading center that Dalian University’s open license patent "an improved Smith predictive control method based on CRNs" met the technical requirements of enterprises, and thus cooperated with the research team of associate professor Lu Hui of Dalian University in the automatic control of biochemical systems. This patent was applied to the company’s industrial robots and automatic cleaning equipment, which greatly improved the system performance of the equipment.

"I didn’t expect to reach a cooperation so smoothly this time. We are very eager to achieve technological breakthroughs in our products. In the past, companies looking for patents faced the problems of dislocation of demand and research and unequal information, so it was difficult to find patent acquisition channels. In the patent open licensing work, publicly displaying the patents with conversion intention in colleges and universities allows us to find more good patents. " Hu Chenguang said.

This is a vivid practice for Dalian University to gain market value through patent opening license.

As early as May, 2022, China National Intellectual Property Administration launched the pilot project of patent conversion and open license. By the end of 2023, more than 3,200 patentees in 22 pilot provinces of patent opening license had participated in the pilot project, and more than 59,000 patents were matched and pushed to more than 110,000 small and medium-sized enterprises, and more than 17,000 patents were granted. Since January 20th this year, the patent opening license statement put forward by the patentee has been announced to the public through the patent bulletin after passing the examination in China National Intellectual Property Administration.

At present, 90 patents of Dalian University have been approved for announcement. "In 2022, when China launched the pilot project of patent opening license, the school actively explored this innovative measure. The patent open license allows the school to further establish a cooperative relationship with enterprises in Industry-University-Research, which more effectively promotes the wide application of technology. " Chen Huiyuan, a researcher at the Science and Technology Department of Dalian University, said that at present, more than 20 enterprises have applied to renew their contracts and explore further cooperation after transforming and applying the school open license patents.

In the statement of patent opening license issued by China National Intellectual Property Administration, many enterprises are actively carrying out patent opening license besides universities and scientific research institutions. Jingxin Communication Technology (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Jingxin Communication) is one of them.

"The company proposed a key technical solution for high-performance low-carbon life antenna, which realized the double improvement of network performance and green energy saving, and laid a technical foundation for the realization of full-band high-performance low-carbon life antenna. In order to make green antenna technology more widely and deeply applied and promoted in the industry, we screened two core technology patents for open licensing, and combined with patent technology, market, law and other factors, conducted multi-dimensional patent valuation and determined the patent open licensing fee. " Li Xuefeng, senior vice president of Jingxin Communication, told the reporter.

At present, these two patents have successfully obtained a total of 2.5 million yuan in license fees. Li Xuefeng said that the rapid application of the open license patent not only showed the core competitiveness of the company’s independent intellectual property rights, but also helped to enhance its popularity and brand value, further promoting the prosperity and win-win situation of the industry ecology.

Supporting measures to promote the efficient operation of the system

The notice issued this time and the "Working Measures" have standardized a number of tasks in the implementation of the patent open licensing system.

According to the notice, the patent open license statement will be announced to the public through the patent bulletin after passing the examination by China National Intellectual Property Administration, and the public can inquire about the announcement information such as the patent open license statement and the registration of the license through the China Patent Publication Announcement System (http://epub.cnipa.gov.cn/). Patent open license announcement data is fully open to the public through the public service system of intellectual property data resources, which is convenient for all parties to inquire, retrieve and obtain. For the patent opening license reached, the intellectual property offices of all provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions) shall supervise and guide the patentee or licensee to file with China National Intellectual Property Administration in a timely manner in accordance with relevant regulations.

With regard to the estimation of licensing fees for patent opening, which is of concern to the industry, the notice is clear. According to the provisions of the Patent Examination Guide, the licensing fees paid at a fixed fee standard are generally not higher than 20 million yuan; Paid by royalty, generally not higher than 20% of net sales or 40% of profit. If the license fee is higher than the above standard, the patentee shall be guided to license by means of ordinary license.

At the same time, the notice requires that the intellectual property offices of all provinces (municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions) should strengthen the interpretation of the national standards of the Guidelines for Patent Evaluation and the Guidelines for Estimating the Use of Open Licenses (for Trial Implementation), and guide the patentees to uphold the concept of fairness, rationality, mutual benefit and practicality, accurately grasp the "one-to-many" characteristics of open licenses and the characteristics of small amount, inclusiveness and convenience, and reasonably estimate the license fees.

Focusing on possible intellectual property disputes, the Working Measures clarify the acceptance conditions of the application for mediation of disputes in the implementation of patent open license, the documents and materials that the parties should submit, the conditions for making an acceptance decision, the circumstances of non-acceptance and the acceptance registration, etc., so as to timely resolve the disputes arising in the implementation of patent open license.

"The patent open license system aims to promote the patent transformation and application. Its core system function is to solve the problem of asymmetric supply and demand of patent license, which can effectively promote the disclosure of transaction information and reduce the transaction cost of patent license, thus promoting the patent transformation and implementation." Ma Yide, dean and professor of the School of Intellectual Property, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, suggested that for the innovation subject, whether the patent license is achieved depends on the docking of market supply and demand. We should fully consider the patent quality and market demand, and open the license for high-value patents that meet the market demand. For the enterprises that accept the open license, after the open license is reached, they should actively file with China National Intellectual Property Administration to maintain the priority effect of obtaining the license, so as to avoid the right holder’s punishment of the patent during the open license period, which will affect the interests of the implementers. At the same time, the declaration of open license can also enable the public to make reasonable investment planning by understanding the implementation of the open license of a specific patent, so as to avoid disorderly competition or excessive investment caused by the large number of licensees of the same patent.(Author CoCo WU)

　　Our reporter Li Muming

　　Compared with the "snarling" smog, ozone is much more "low-key" and quietly "hidden" in the clear sky of Wan Li, but it has become the culprit of atmospheric environmental pollution in many cities since it was included in the monitoring indicators in summer in recent years. Statistics of air quality in 74 cities across the country show that among all the days exceeding the standard in June 2015, the days with ozone as the primary pollutant were the most, exceeding the days with PM2.5 as the primary pollutant. In response, on July 23, Guangdong Province announced the air quality of urban environment in the second quarter of 2015, and ozone became the most common primary pollutant; According to media reports, ozone replaced PM2.5 as the primary air pollutant in nearly half of the pollution days in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei from June to August.

　　Why is PM2.5, which is well known and concerned by the public, "surpassed" by ozone? What harm does ozone do to human body?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　1. "Low-key" ozone is more terrible than PM2.5

　　Experts believe that the invisible pollution of ozone should not be underestimated, and comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent it, just like smog.

　　"In fact, ozone pollution has become a new environmental protection issue that plagues the whole country." Wang Yuesi, a researcher at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said. At present, from a national perspective, there is one peak of ozone pollution in the north, while there are two peaks in the south every year. Even Xinjiang, Tibet and other regions are facing ozone pollution problems.

　　Compared with physical pollution such as black and smelly water pollution, yellow and black smoke pollution with pungent smell, and smog pollution mixed with fine particles, the public and even the environmental protection department have always taken colorless and odorless ozone pollution lightly.

　　But ozone is actually more terrible than PM2.5

　　Ozone can react with almost any biological tissue and is very destructive to the respiratory tract. According to the Canadian Center for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS), "ozone can irritate and damage the nasal mucosa and respiratory tract, which can cause chest tightness, cough, sore throat, asthma, aggravation of upper respiratory tract diseases, and may also lead to weakened lung function, emphysema and lung tissue damage, and these injuries are often irreparable." Therefore, for people with asthma, emphysema and chronic bronchitis, as long as they are exposed to low-concentration ozone, they may have obvious harm.

　　Similarly, ozone can also irritate the eyes, reducing visual sensitivity and vision. It will also destroy vitamin E in the skin and make the skin wrinkle and black spots. When the ozone concentration is above 200 μ g/m3, it will damage the central nervous system, causing headaches, chest pains and decreased thinking ability.

　　In addition, ozone will hinder the function of blood oxygen transmission, resulting in tissue hypoxia; Impairment of thyroid function and calcification of bones. Professor Paul Wentworth of Scripps Institute of Applied Science in the United States has done research and found that ozone can destroy the immune function of human body, induce chromosome aberration of lymphocytes, damage the activity of some enzymes and produce hemolytic reaction.

　　Even for plants, ozone is not a welcome good thing. Biologists from the University of Valencia, Spain, published a paper in 2006, suggesting that ozone will reduce the concentration of chlorophyll, carotenoids and carbohydrates in plants, which will affect photosynthesis and thus reduce the yield of crops.

　　2. The most dangerous population: pregnant women and children.

　　Because the proportion of ozone is about 1.66 times that of air, it often gathers in the lower space, so small children are the most direct victims.

　　Scientists in Southern California have conducted a five-year follow-up survey on 3,535 children aged 10 to 16, and found that in areas with high ozone concentration (the annual average concentration is between 112 and 138μg/m3), the incidence of asthma in children who often play three or four kinds of sports is twice as high as that in children who do not exercise. Especially, children with low birth weight or premature infants are more likely to be affected by ozone.

　　If the pregnant woman is exposed to ozone during pregnancy, the baby born may have congenital blepharoptosis (also called congenital microphthalmia, which is usually caused by the unsatisfactory development of fetal eyeball during the third month of pregnancy).

　　Another study called AHSMOG is aimed at adults. This study, which began in 1977, followed up 3091 adult non-smoking Americans aged 27-87 for 15 years. The results showed that men who were often exposed to ozone showed symptoms of lung damage. In addition, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer were closely related to long-term exposure to ozone.

　　3. The most dangerous place: the aircraft cabin.

　　Since ozone is so harmful, when is its high incidence?

　　According to the "State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry" of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the timeliness and seasonality of ozone are obvious. The ozone concentration is very low in the early morning. After 8 o’clock, with more and more waste gas forming ozone and longer sunshine time, the ozone concentration gradually increases, reaching the peak between 14 o’clock and 16 o’clock, then slowly decreasing, and finally returning to the lowest state after 8 o’clock in the evening. During the year, the peak of ozone concentration is concentrated in summer. During this period, the formation of ozone can be described as "the right time, the right place and the right people": strong sunshine, less clouds and weak wind. This is the reason why people have throat, eyes and nose discomfort when they play when it seems sunny.

　　In terms of regional distribution, the ozone concentration in urban suburbs and scenic spots is often higher than that in the city center, especially when the suburbs are in the downwind of the city. In this regard, the experts’ explanation is that ozone is particularly lively and will continue to react with other pollutants after it is formed. Therefore, the increasing pollution discharge in the city center will temporarily "eat" ozone, turn it into other pollutants, and then drift to the suburbs with the wind and change it back into ozone. That is to say, even if the ozone concentration measured in the urban area is better than that in the suburbs, there is nothing to be proud of, which mostly shows that there are too many other pollutants in the urban area, which temporarily mutates the ozone.

　　The urban area is also polluted, and the scenic spots in the suburbs can’t escape. Where else can we stay? The advice of the World Health Organization (WHO) is: "Try not to expect to be outdoors when the ozone is high."

　　According to the test of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the ozone concentration indoors is generally 50% lower than that outdoors. If the room is well sealed and air conditioning system is adopted, the ozone concentration will be even lower. However, sparks from motor operation, xerography and the working process of TV set will turn some oxygen in the air into ozone. Therefore, mechanical and electrical rooms, electrostatic copier rooms, computer rooms, etc. are all places with high ozone incidence, but attention should be paid to ventilation.

　　There is also an "indoor" where ozone is concentrated-the airplane cockpit. The ozone in the engine room mainly comes from the atmospheric environment, and the ozone layer is mainly distributed in the atmosphere at an altitude of 10 km to 50 km, while the flying height of civil aircraft is generally 7 km to 12 km.

　　Modern large passenger planes are equipped with ozone removal systems, but it is still impossible to kill them all. The Canadian side has tested that when the Boeing plane flies at an altitude of 11,895 meters, the external ozone concentration is 3.57mg/m3, and the ozone concentration in the aircraft cabin is 0.29mg/m3. According to a survey funded by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the ozone content in the cockpit of Boeing 747, 727, 737, DC10 and DC9 is relatively high, and the ozone content in the cockpit of long-range aircraft is higher than that of short-haul aircraft. The leader of this survey is William nazarov, an environmental engineer at the University of California. He believes that the solution to the ozone problem in the cockpit is simple, that is, adding an ozone converter to the aircraft. "Unfortunately, not all airlines have this awareness, especially for old and small aircraft. Airlines are more concerned about flight safety."

　　4. How does ozone pollution come about?

　　Due to the increasingly obvious harm of ozone, the international safety standards for ozone are becoming stricter and stricter. The "maximum 8-hour daily average" of ozone stipulated by the European Union has dropped to 60nmol/mol (about 120 μ g/m3) in 2010, and the average number of days in a year cannot exceed this standard for more than 25 days. China’s newly revised Ambient Air Quality Standard in 2012 also added the ozone control standard: the daily maximum 8-hour average value is 100 μ g/m3 for Grade I and 160 μ g/m3 for Grade II.

　　However, it is impossible to assign a general safety value to everyone. "Personal physique, exercise frequency, time spent outdoors, and other pollutants in the air will all affect the harm degree of ozone, which is the headache for the research department." Professor Jerry Martin from the School of Public Health of the University of California explained, "More and more studies have proved that even if the ozone concentration is low, if the human body is exposed for a long time (6-8 hours), the harm will be equally serious. Moreover, ozone will also work in conjunction with other pollutants. For example, ozone will enhance the harm of PM (inhalable particulate matter) to the human body, and PM will also enhance the harm of ozone. "　　　　

　　"It is better to call it photochemical pollution than ozone pollution. Primary pollutants, such as volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are discharged into the atmosphere by pollution sources such as automobiles and factories, absorb the energy of sunlight under strong ultraviolet irradiation, so that the original chemical chain is destroyed and photochemical reactions occur, resulting in secondary pollutants such as ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN). The mixture of primary pollutants and secondary pollutants involved in the photochemical reaction process is called photochemical smog. Ozone is the main component of photochemical smog. When people monitor these pollutants, ozone concentration is also the most important indicator. " China Meteorological Bureau introduced this in its official blog.

　　5. The governance is difficult, and the top-level design needs to be strengthened.

　　Ozone pollution is an international topic. After decades of treatment in Los Angeles, the situation has greatly improved, but ozone still exceeds the standard for several days every year. Different from the single ozone pollution in the United States, ozone and PM2.5 are intertwined and interact in China, and it is just starting, so it is more difficult to control.

　　At the same time, it is not easy to monitor ozone. Wen Yanping, director of Taiyuan Environmental Monitoring Center, said that volatile organic compounds are one of the important precursors of ozone. However, the monitoring work has just started, and its sources and emissions are still in the stage of research and analysis, investigation and research, and its control is also in a state of no standard in the country, immature technology and conscious enterprise.

　　In addition, ozone monitoring does not have standard gas like sulfur dioxide, so it can easily check the error of monitoring equipment, and it can only take the equipment to Shanghai and other cities to "test the equipment with equipment", which will affect the monitoring of ozone.

　　Comprehensive control measures of ozone pollution need further research and exploration. Wang Yuesi said that the formation mechanism of ozone is a nonlinear process. Precursors, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which can promote ozone generation, must be treated first to control ozone. However, the atmospheric ozone concentration will be effectively reduced only if it is reduced in proportion, which is not easy to handle at present. If only one kind is reduced, it is possible that the ozone concentration will increase instead.

　　The Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan issued by the State Council in 2013 clearly stated that it is necessary to "strengthen the research on the formation mechanism, source analysis, migration law, monitoring and early warning of haze and ozone, and provide scientific support for pollution control". Experts in the industry believe that governments at all levels must attach great importance to ozone pollution, a new environmental protection topic, and should take comprehensive control measures on the basis of strengthening basic research and top-level design.

　　Environmental experts say that ozone prevention and control first needs top-level design. Chai Fahe, vice president of china environmental science Research Institute, and others believe that ozone precursors should be included in the national emission reduction targets, and a total control plan for volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides should be formulated. Chai Fahe said that ozone precursor is also a kind of precursor of PM2.5 secondary particles. Ozone and PM2.5 treatment should be combined, and comprehensive consideration should not be made. In addition, since ozone pollution is a photochemical pollution, the pollution is aggravated when the temperature is high, so ozone should also be considered when considering global warming.

　　Wang Yuesi also suggested the implementation of comprehensive regional management. Ozone precursors are highly mobile substances, and nitrogen oxides produced in one area may not be felt by local people, but float to other places to form ozone. The effect of ozone control in a single city will not be too obvious, and regional prevention and control mechanisms should be established in areas with serious ozone pollution such as five provinces in North China, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta.

　　Chai Fahe said that the proportion of ozone precursors is different in different places, and even in the same city, the proportion between urban and suburban areas is different. All localities should make clear the ozone formation mechanism in different places, and find out the specific proportion of ozone precursors and the location of emission sources through monitoring, so as to "prescribe the right medicine". And this work needs the cooperation of environmental protection departments and scientific research institutions.

　　Experts also believe that from the technical level, the focus of ozone precursor control should be on "vehicles, oil, roads and factories": improving automobile exhaust emission standards, improving automobile exhaust devices and reducing emissions; Improve fuel quality; At the same time, gradually switch buses and taxis to gas; Control traffic congestion; Eliminate backward production capacity and control nitrogen oxides and volatiles emitted by coal-fired power plants, cement, coatings, ink printing plants and other enterprises.

　　Top-level design doesn’t mean that it has nothing to do with the general public. Do a little thing that everyone can do to protect the health of themselves and their families. The development of human society will always rise in a spiral curve. As long as we don’t escape and give up, there are always more ways than problems.

　　◆ Small information

　　Ozone is just one word short of oxygen that sustains human life, and one more o, but it is the difference between graphite and diamond. Yes, these two groups of things, which are as different as heaven and earth, are allotropes, that is, simple substances made of the same single chemical element but with different properties.

　　Because there is one more oxygen atom than oxygen, ozone is more oxidizing than oxygen. What is oxidation? The cut apple will turn brown after a while because it is oxidized by oxygen in the air; The girls’ tender faces are getting older day by day, which is the result of her body oxidation. Ozone is more oxidizing than oxygen. To what extent? Have you smelled chlorine in tap water and swimming pool? That’s for disinfection. It needs to be disinfected with ozone, which is stronger than chlorine. Therefore, the upper floors of household disinfection cabinets are disinfected by ozone.

　　Walking on the busy streets, we sometimes feel that the air is light brown with a pungent smell, which is commonly called photochemical smog, and ozone is one of the most important components in it. There are a lot of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in automobile exhaust and factory smoke, which combine with oxygen in the air and form ozone under the catalysis of sunlight radiation and temperature.