●　Volvo XC90

　　Price:79.8-101 7,800

　　The new generation XC90 was officially launched on July 8, with a total of 6 models launched in the T6 version, priced at79.8-101 7,800 yuanThe price has been reduced compared to the previously announced price.

　　The appearance of the new generation XC90 new car can refer to the XC, one of the latest three models. We can see that the headlights of the new car use LED light sources, and the T-shaped LED shape is unique. The design team calls it "Thor’s Hammer". The design is extraordinary. In the future, this design style will be popularized with other Volvo models. The body size of the new generation XC90 is 4950/2008/1775mm, 2984mm. The new car is based on Volvo’s latest SPA platform. The SPA platform model will use lighter aluminum materials in interior brackets, doors, car exterior cladding and suspension, which will reduce weight by 125kg compared to the old model.

　　The interior of the new XC90 is simple and atmospheric, without the hard feeling of a car, but very close to the natural kind of freshness. The central control uses black, supplemented by wood grain trim and aluminum to create trends, while the seats and steering wheel are available in black and light colors. The central control touch screen uses the CarPlay system jointly developed by Volvo and Apple, which can be used to complete the operation of air conditioning, entertainment systems, etc. The stereo can be optionally installed in the UK Bowers & Wilkins.

　　Obviously, the new XC90 is not the style of local tyrants. Its temperament is more similar to the popular home warm man, so a large space is necessary. According to official information, the XC90 can accommodate passengers with a height of 1.7 meters, and it is also equipped with four-zone air conditioning. As a new generation of Volvo, the new XC90 will be equipped with many of Volvo’s latest technologies, such as obstacles, pedestrians, animal identification systems, etc.

　　In terms of safety configuration, the new generation XC90 will also be equipped with two first-of-its-kind safety configurations, namely road departure protection system and automatic braking technology at intersections. In addition, such as rear-end preventive protection system, City Safety, new generation anti-roll stability control system, road traffic sign recognition system, blind spot information system and reversing car side warning system, queuing auxiliary features and 360 ° and other comprehensive electronic safety systems will appear in the new car configuration table.

　　Volvo claims that the XC90 will be the most powerful and environmentally friendly in the worldSUV The "TWIN ENGINE" marked on the body does not refer to the fact that the car has two internal combustion engines, but that the car is powered by a 2.0L inline four-cylinder twin supercharged+Drives the front wheels while being outputted by oneDrive the rear axle for a 60kW (82PS) motor. In this powertrain, the engine and motor work together to provide 298kW (405PS)And 640Nm peakIn addition, the new car’s pure electric mode has a cruising range of 40km

　　In the power part, both the T6 and T5 versions use mechanical and turbocharged technology, with a maximum power of 239kW (325PS) and 189kW (257PS) respectively, and a peak torque of 400Nm and 350Nm. In terms of diesel engines, the D5 version uses a twin-turbocharged diesel engine, providing a maximum power of 168kW (228PS) and a peak torque of 470Nm, while the fuel consumption of 100 kilometers is about 6L; the D4 version has a maximum power of 142kW (193PS) and a peak torque of 400Nm. The fuel consumption of this version is only 5L for 100 kilometers.

Competitive product analysis

　　Judging from the currently announced price range of the T6 model, if the buyer wants to buy an all-round high-end, then the price is still very large in China. Volkswagen Touareg,,, and (M-class model) are all popular high-end goods, and so on can also be taken into account. Since the XC90 is a new generation, then we choose the sports version, BMW X5 and Cayenne models for comparison, while the Audi Q7 and Volkswagen Touareg are in the replacement period, so we will not make a comparison for the time being.

　　In terms of size, the new generation of XC90 has almost completely outperformed the models of the same class. The length of nearly 5 meters and the length of nearly 3 meters make this car a "behemoth", so it can have enough space to accommodate it. In terms of size alone, the XC90 currently has an absolute advantage in the high-end SUV array.

New generation standard

　　Then we see the high-efficiency power combination used by the XC90. The 2.0L dual-supercharged power used by the T6 model is no less than that of the current mainstream product V6 model. With the efficient power combination, the XC90 is also fully capable of meeting the power needs of ordinary drivers. From the data alone, the 2.0T engine of the Volvo XC90 almost combines the characteristics of several mainstream products.

　　Compared with the higher-performance models of the same class of SUVs, the T8 of the Volvo XC90 adopts a hybrid mode, which is almost no big difference compared with several 8-cylinder models in terms of performance parameters. But it is worth noting that the T8 model can last 40km in pure electric mode and is equipped with an energy recovery system. Under the premise of meeting the strong power, the carbon dioxide emissions of the T8 model are only 49g/km, and the fuel consumption of 100 kilometers is only 2.1L. Compared with the high-performance models of the same class, the advantage is obvious.

　　Since most of the configurations of this class of models can be personalized, and the basic comfort configurations are also very comprehensive, it is a bit too difficult to compare the configurations of each class of models alone. Select some of the key configurations of this class of models below to see if the XC90 has obvious advantages in the configuration part.

　　It can be seen that among models with similar prices, the Volvo XC90 has outstanding configuration advantages, and the comfort configuration and safety configuration are also very advantageous in the same class of models. Similar and other practical technologies are equipped, especially the comprehensive active safety equipment mentioned above. Volvo’s popularity is also higher than that of other brands, which can be described as very comprehensive.

　

●　Mercedes-Benz GLE Coupe

　　Price:86.9-192 8,000

　　On the eve of the 2015 Chengdu Auto Show, it was officially launched in China. The new car launched a total of 4 models, priced at86.9-192 8,000The competitors are.

　　The E Coupe is a coupe based on the Mercedes-Benz GLE-Class (formerly M-Class).GLE400 andGLE450The two models are equipped with different adjustment levels3.0T V6 dual gasoline engine, and with9-Speed 9G-TRONIC Matching…

　　It is worth mentioning that for the first time, Mercedes-Benz is equipped with the A Sports performance packageGLE450 AMG Coupe, yesThe pioneering work of the A Sports series. This series will fill the huge gap between the AMG Package (kit only) and the AMG (pure-breed performance car), featuring adjustments to the original Mercedes-Benz power. (Text/Pacific Auto Network, Li Yang)

　

●　New Mitsubishi Outlander

　　Price:19.98-28 4,800

　　On August 24, the new model was officially launched, with a total of four models in the price range of19.98-28 4,800 yuan…

　　The new Outlander adopts Mitsubishi’s new family style, and the appearance uses the design elements of Mitsubishi PHEV Concept-S. The brand logo of the new car has been further enlarged to look more dynamic.

　　In addition, the new car also adds LED headlights and a light guide rear combination to present a first-class rear lighting effect. In addition, the new car will have integrated turn signals on the exterior rearview mirror, equipped with luggage racks and side scratch strips.

　　　In terms of configuration, the new Outlander series comes standard with LED daytime running lights, steering wheel adjustment, front seat flattening, 12V power socket, 16-inch spare tire, keyless entry, rear discharge trend and multi-function navigation machine. And the 2.4L four-wheel drive flagship GT version model also adds configuration including, front anti-collision assist, door,,, etc.

　　In terms of interior, the new car basically continues the current style, but adds more chrome-plated decorative parts. According to official information, the new Outlander also further improves the sound insulation performance by adding sound absorption and sound insulation materials, improving the suction method, and improving other aspects. The new Outlander still offers5 and 7 seatsOptional.

　　In terms of power, the new car continues the current 2.0L and 2.4L engines, with a 2.0L engine of 110kW (150PS) and 190Nm; the 2.4L engine has a maximum of 124kW (169PS) and a maximum of 220Nm. Transmission system, the new Outlander is equipped with a new generation of gearbox, further reducing the energy loss of power, coupled with further adjustments to engine control and CVT control, improved acceleration and shift performance, while improving fuel economy.

　　On December 30th, 2021, the first day train tickets in Spring Festival travel rush were officially put on sale.

　　The railway Spring Festival travel rush time in 2021 will be from January 28th to March 8th, with a total of 40 days. The national railways are expected to send 407 million passengers, with an average of 10.18 million passengers per day. According to the arrangement that train tickets are sold 30 days in advance, on December 30, 2020, the railway department began to sell train tickets for Spring Festival travel rush in 2021.

　　The reporter from The Paper sorted out the six major points of attention of the railway Spring Festival travel rush in 2021:

　　First, on January 13th, grab the train ticket for New Year’s Eve.

　　From January 13, 2021, train tickets for the 7-day long holiday of the Spring Festival in 2021 can be purchased.

　　Among them, on the way, on January 6, 2021, the train ticket for February 4 (Lunar New Year) was robbed, on January 12, the train ticket for February 10 (Twenty-ninth of the twelfth lunar month) was robbed, and on January 13, the train ticket for February 11 (New Year’s Eve) was robbed.

　　On the return journey, on January 19, 2021, the train ticket on February 17 (the sixth day of the first month) was robbed; On January 28th, the train ticket for February 26th (Lantern Festival) was robbed.

　　Passengers can book tickets online (including 12306 website, 12306 mobile phone client and 95105105 telephone booking, with a pre-sale period of 30 days) and offline (including station window, automatic ticket vending machine and train ticket sales outlets, with a pre-sale period of 28 days).

　　Second, the 12306 website will sell tickets at 5 o’clock every day in advance.

　　In terms of ticketing time, the ticketing service time of Railway 12306 website is extended, from 6: 00 to 23:30 every day, and advanced to 5: 00 to 23:30 every day.

　　In the aspect of changing the ticket, synchronize the 12306 website and the offline window change rules, and online can also change other train tickets before 24 o’clock on the day of boarding.

　　In terms of refund, the online refund business processing time is optimized to 24 hours a day, and the refund deadline is adjusted from 25 minutes before driving to before driving at the bus stop; Passengers who have purchased tickets in cash and obtained reimbursement vouchers can first go through the refund procedures on the 12306 website and collect the refund money at any station of the national railway within 180 days; The self-service ticketing equipment at the station has added a refund function to meet the refund requirements of passengers who use electronic payment methods and have not exchanged paper reimbursement vouchers, providing 24-hour all-weather service.

　　In terms of purchasing tickets for the elderly, we insist on the manual service guidance of window ticketing and self-service ticket purchasing, and all manual windows support cash ticket purchasing to ensure the ticket purchasing service for the elderly. The 12306 system automatically identifies elderly passengers over 60 years old and gives priority to the lower berth.

　　Third, the scope and scope of fare concessions have expanded.

　　According to the railway department, in 2021, Spring Festival travel rush Railway will further expand the scope and increase the range of fare concessions on the basis of summarizing the practice of fare concessions in Spring Festival travel rush in previous years.

　　Specifically, the preferential scope will be extended from temporary passenger trains, "reverse" trains with unpopular routes or directions to "forward" trains with some planned passenger trains and popular routes or directions. During Spring Festival travel rush, a total of 241 trains will be covered, including 131 before the festival and 110 after the festival; Ordinary-speed passenger trains are extended from the original minimum discount of 5.5% for each seat to the minimum discount of 2% for hard seats and 50% for soft and hard sleepers, and EMU trains are extended from the original maximum discount of 20% to the minimum discount of 5.5%.

　　Fourth, the supply of transportation capacity increased by 4.5% year-on-year

　　In 2021, about 5,000 pairs of passenger trains are scheduled in the Spring Festival travel rush Railway Arrangement Map, with a year-on-year increase of 4.5%.

　　Among them, in Beijing, 99 pairs of passenger trains were added before the festival and 97.5 pairs after the festival; In Shanghai, 138 pairs of passenger trains were added before the festival and 152 pairs after the festival. In Guangzhou, 202 pairs of passenger trains were added before the festival and 229 pairs after the festival.

　　At the same time, 219.5 pairs of night EMU trains were arranged, an increase of 62 pairs year-on-year, covering lines with concentrated passenger flow such as Beijing-Shanghai, Jingha, Shanghai-Kunming and Xicheng. And maintain the scale of ordinary passenger trains, increase the capacity of ordinary speed in key directions, and continue to run 81 pairs of public welfare "slow trains" to meet the diversified travel needs of passengers.

　　At present, Fuxing EMUs with a speed of 160 km/h to 350 km/h have been successfully developed and put into full use. The number of railway EMUs in China will reach 3,800 standard groups, and the proportion of passengers sent by EMUs will reach more than 65%.

　　5. quiet car has been launched.

　　It is worth noting that, from December 24th, 2020, the railway department will pilot the "quiet car" service on some trains of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway.

　　When purchasing tickets for designated trains of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail and Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed rail through the railway 12306 website, mobile phone App, ticket vending machines and other channels, passengers can voluntarily choose to purchase tickets for "quiet car" according to the system prompt if they need to provide "quiet car" service, and the "quiet car" is located in the No.3 carriage (second-class car).

　　Passengers are required to comply with the "silence" agreement when taking the "quiet car": 1. Please keep quiet in the "quiet car". 2. Please wear headphones or turn off the audio playback function when using various electronic devices. 3. Please turn the phone to mute or vibrate. 4. Please leave "quiet car" when you answer the phone or talk to each other. 5. Please take good care of your children and avoid noise.

　　The specific trains are: Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway: G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G9, G12, G13, G16, G17 and G22; Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway: G8601, G8606, G8609, G8616, G8619, G8626, G8627, G8632, G8635 times.

　　Six, the introduction of railway tickets, time tickets.

　　In addition to the "quiet car" service, since December 24th, 2020, the railway department has also tried to launch the products of time tickets and time tickets in Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway.

　　According to reports, this is a new ticket system product launched by the railway department. The holder can take the specified number of trains to the station and other seats when purchasing the product within the specified validity period. Passengers can purchase the above products through the 12306 website and the "Railway 12306" mobile App.

　　It should be noted that at most, the same passenger can only buy two same metered tickets or fixed tickets at the same time, but he can also buy multiple metered tickets or fixed tickets at different times. Tickets cannot be transferred or shared, and are only used by the passengers themselves.

　　Passengers are only allowed to use at the designated departure station at the time of purchase, make an appointment or take the seats designated at the time of purchase, and are not allowed to get on or off at the midway station or cross the station. In addition, the same passenger can only activate one product with the same destination, but multiple products with different destinations can be activated.

　　In terms of using the bus, passengers can enter the station by making a seat reservation or directly brushing the original valid ID card. Seats are reserved through the 12306 website, the "Railway 12306" mobile APP and the ticket vending machine. After reserving a seat, the passenger will enter the station to check in with the original valid ID card.

　　Among them, up to 4 seats to be used can be reserved for the counting ticket; Time tickets can reserve up to 10 seats to be used. For products that have not been enabled to ride, seats can only be reserved within 30 days after purchase. When the itinerary changes, the reserved seats should be cancelled before driving, and no charge will be charged; If the reservation is not cancelled, it will be regarded as a ride. If the number of cancellations of reserved seats exceeds 5 times within 48 hours before the start of the metered ticket, the number of reserved seats to be used will be adjusted to 1. If the number of cancellations of reserved seats exceeds 5 times within 48 hours before the time ticket is driven, or if the number of times of not taking the bus after reserved seats exceeds 5 times, the number of reserved seats to be used can be adjusted to 1.

　　Direct card-swiping means that passengers can get the designated seats of the products at the ticket gate or manual ticket gate when they check in the train with the original valid identity documents when they buy the products.

　　In addition, according to the regulations, if the product is not enabled by bus, the purchaser can apply for a refund through the original purchase channel. If the product is not enabled by bus within 30 days after purchase, the system will automatically refund it in full.

　　(This article is from The Paper, please download the "The Paper" APP for more original information)

The twin stars of FAW Pentium-Pentium B70 and Pentium T90 have recently started a big price reduction. Both models have offered a discount of 4,000 yuan to deduct 20,000 yuan. In addition, Pentium T90 also enjoys a cash discount of 10,000 yuan in a limited time, and Pentium B70 enjoys a cash discount of 5,000 yuan in a limited time. After the discount, the starting price of Pentium T90 is 88,900 yuan and the starting price of Pentium B70 is 75,900 yuan. Pentium B70 and Pentium T90 are the main models in the home market, and their home properties are in place, and their competitiveness has increased a lot after the big price reduction.

Pentium B70—— A B-class sedan that starts at less than 80,000 yuan.

In terms of appearance, the Pentium B70 adopts the brand-new family design language of the fourth generation of Pentium. Its front face is equipped with a "cascade" front grille, and the headlight group is shaped like a "flying wing", which seems to have a good visual impact. Its body waistline is designed to be sharp, and the roof adopts a slip-back design, which is very fashionable with a variety of wheel hub shapes. The penetrating taillights at its tail are also very cool after lighting up, and the lower enclosure is also equipped with a bilateral double-out exhaust layout, which is also very sporty.

Its highlight is that the space is large enough and comfortable enough. It is positioned as a B-class sedan, with a body size of 4855*1840*1455mm and a wheelbase of 2800 mm. The legroom in the front row is 1070mm and the legroom in the second row is 958mm； The head space in the front row is 952mm/963m, and the head space in the second row is 961mm/967mm, and the space performance is very abundant. In addition, its seat is simply a "big sofa" and its comfort is very high.

As a family car, safety is also very important. Based on the platform architecture of China FAW FMA, the Pentium B70 adopts BNSA safety system, and the body structure uses a brand-new dual-E six-channel design that strengthens for 3H. The proportion of high-strength steel used in the whole car is as high as 76%, the proportion of hot-formed steel is 22%, and the yield strength of ultra-high-strength materials is greater than 1500MPa, so it can’t be overstated to describe it as "reinforced steel".

In terms of power, the Pentium B70 is equipped with a 2.0T four-cylinder engine, with a maximum power of 165kW and a maximum torque of 340N•m. The transmission system is matched with a 6AT gearbox from Aisin, and the acceleration per 100 kilometers is 7.8 seconds. Its chassis adopts the former McPherson and the rear multi-link independent suspension.

Pentium T90—— A cost-effective household SUV starting at less than 90,000 yuan.

In terms of appearance, the Pentium T90 adopts a brand-new family-style design voice, the front face is equipped with a front grille with mountains and rivers, the headlights are in a long and narrow shape, and LED strip is used to connect them, forming a penetrating shape, which blends the Chinese style with the sense of science and technology very harmoniously. Its body adopts the side characteristics of the prancing horse bow, which gives people a strong sense of muscle and strength. Its tail shape is also very layered. The taillights are through-shaped, and the lower enclosure is decorated with black plaques. With the exhaust layout of the upper and lower sides, the recognition is also very high.

Like the B70, the biggest highlight of the Pentium T90 is the space performance. The body size of the Pentium T90 is 4718*1880*1710mm, the wheelbase is 2772mm, the height space of the front and rear rows is 990/980mm, and the front and rear leg spaces are 1040/996mm. Not only is there enough seating space, but the Pentium T90 also has a super-large trunk space of 560L. Even after the rear seats are laid down, the volume reaches 1345L, with a depth of 1870mm, and it is also equipped with 23 modular storage spaces, with excellent storage capacity.

In terms of configuration, the Pentium T90 is equipped with a 12.6-inch vertical central control panel, a 9.6-inch W-HUD display and a PM2.5 negative ion fragrance system. The car is equipped with a D-life6.0 intelligent system, which has a very fast response speed of human-computer interaction. The car also has a built-in Qualcomm Snapdragon 8155 chip. In addition, it is equipped with ACC adaptive cruise, multi-directional parking space with one-button precision parking, up to 23 sensors at the same level, and 24 intelligent driving assistance functions, and the assisted driving level has reached L2.5. In terms of safety, the Pentium T90 is equipped with six airbags as standard, with 74% of high-strength steel in white body and 25.3% of hot-formed steel above 1500MPa. In addition, it also adopts double E-cage body structure design, and the torsional stiffness of the body is 24000 N m/+.

In terms of power, Pentium T90 provides two power combinations: 1.5T engine +7DCT and high-power version 2.0T engine+Aisin 8AT. The maximum power of the engine is 124kW and 185kW respectively, and the maximum torque is 258N·m and 380N·m respectively. In terms of chassis, it adopts the front McPherson type, and the rear multi-link is an independent suspension.

Conclusion: As household models, Pentium B70 and Pentium T90 have excellent space performance in their class, and their safety performance is also guaranteed, which is not groundless. In addition, their power performance is also very in line with household needs, and they do not lose some joint venture models at all. Now they have made great price cuts, which is undoubtedly a very heavy blow to competing joint venture models.

A security guard stood in front of the sign of ZARA’s dress. Xu Xiaolin surging information

　　　　　　　　Xinhua Online Haihai reported on November 16 that there will still be quality problems in international brand-name clothes that cost thousands of yuan and tens of thousands of yuan. Shanghai Administration for Industry and Commerce recently announced the results of sampling inspection on the quality of fast fashion clothing in the circulation field in the second quarter of 2014, which showed that among 65 batches of unqualified products, a number of "international famous brands" were impressively listed.

　　　　　　　　Why are internationally renowned brands frequently listed in the "blacklist" of clothing quality announced by local quality supervision departments? Experts believe that the weak punishment and low illegal cost are the reasons why some enterprises are fearless.

What "international famous products" are on the quality "blacklist"

　　　　　　　　A dress of Armani, the color fastness to wet rubbing is not up to standard; Ports’s two dresses are unqualified in fiber content; Martha’s shirts and trousers have many problems, such as cracks. In the latest sampling results of clothing quality in the second quarter of this year released by Shanghai Administration for Industry and Commerce, CC&DD, ELLE HOMME, Etam, Ralph Lauren and other "internationally renowned brands" are also "famous on the list" due to various quality problems.

　　　　　　　　The case investigated in Shanghai is not a case, and the results of market quality inspection will be announced one after another every year. In recent months, the Beijing Municipal Administration of Industry and Commerce has carried out several batches of quality sampling inspection of clothing products in the circulation field, and international brands such as MUJI, ZARA, H&M, Polo Ralph Lauren, FNRN, VERO MODA, Benirall, Givenchy and Disney have all been on the list. In June this year, Guangzhou Consumer Council also announced 16 unqualified children’s wear brands, including HELLO KITTY, ELLE, Disney and Adidas.

　　　　　　　　The quality problems of international famous brands have frequently sounded the alarm. According to the regulatory authorities in Zhejiang Province, there are many quality problems in Korean clothing among foreign brands. In the first half of 2013, Zhejiang Industrial and Commercial Bureau randomly selected 20 batches of Korean brand clothing from 12 brands, and the pass rate was only 45%. PAW IN PAW, LAND KIDS and other brands were "famous on the list"; In 2012, the pass rate of sampling inspection of imported clothing from South Korea was only 50%.

From textiles to garments, which links are likely to cause quality and safety problems?

　　　　　　　　These "brand-name" clothes, which have won the trust of domestic consumers, frequently expose the "quality gate" incident. What are the problems in those links?

　　　　　　　　Judging from the spot checks by local industrial and commercial quality inspection departments, clothing quality problems mainly include formaldehyde exceeding the standard, PH exceeding the standard, color fastness, fiber content not meeting the standard and so on. The reporter’s investigation found that there are loopholes in clothing quality problems from textile, printing and dyeing to garment processing and sales.

　　　　　　　　-The printing and dyeing process is a "frequent place" for chemical problems. A person in charge of a chemical enterprise in Hangzhou told the reporter that problems such as excessive formaldehyde and substandard PH value are generally in the middle reaches of the industrial chain. "All dyes are chemical substances, and in order to speed up dyeing, printing and dyeing enterprises will also use additives containing formaldehyde, which should be the main source of formaldehyde in clothing."

　　　　　　　　-clothing label tampering. "Garment manufacturers will buy fabrics of different quality according to the level of their own brands. The fabric quality of these internationally renowned brands should be the best." A clothing salesman who did not want to be named said, however, in order to save costs, it is common for enterprises to do something on the label of clothing components in the process of OEM.

　　　　　　　　-In the sales process, some brand enterprises "build a smooth road, and hide their positions". According to the reporter’s investigation, brand clothing has to undergo strict testing before entering large shopping malls. "Some brand enterprises are all qualified products before entering the mall, but in order to increase profits after entering the mall, it may not be possible to guarantee the quality of the products they sell." A salesperson said.

　　　　　　　　Although clothing safety is not as direct as that in food safety hazards, it attracts people’s attention, but the harm of clothing quality problems to human health is still serious, which can be said to be a "chronic killer". According to industry insiders, if the PH value exceeds the standard and the color fastness is not up to standard, it is easy to cause some sensitizing and carcinogenic dyes and heavy metal ions to be absorbed by the human body, thus posing a hazard to human health and safety. Formaldehyde can enter the human body through diet, breathing and even skin contact, which is harmful to skin and mucous membranes.

Weak punishment and low illegal cost have led some enterprises to be fearless.

　　　　　　　　Why are some internationally renowned brands frequently blacklisted? Experts believe that weak punishment and low illegal cost are the reasons why some enterprises are "fearless".

　　　　　　　　Hu Gang, a member of the Lawyers Group of China Consumers Association and a lawyer of Beijing Chaoyang Law Firm, told the reporter that according to the current Product Quality Law, enterprises that violate the law and regulations are only fined less than three times the value of the goods, and the punishment is too low, and there is still much room for flexibility in operation. "The overall framework of the Product Quality Law currently implemented is also a version formulated in 1993. After more than 20 years, some terms and penalties can no longer meet the needs of market economy development."

　　　　　　　　In addition, according to the newly revised Law on the Protection of Consumers’ Rights and Interests, the main punishment for consumers to buy unqualified products is to return them, and for those who commit fraud, punitive damages will be increased by three times. According to reports, in the United States, for product quality issues, lawyers will take the initiative to convene victims to conduct class actions, especially because of the existence of the "jury" system, illegal enterprises may face "sky-high" compensation; In some European countries, relevant consumer protection organizations have the right to organize arbitration tribunals to effectively protect consumers’ rights and interests in the form of industry self-discipline, and enterprises that refuse to fulfill their obligations may face severe punishment of "market ban".

　　　　　　　　Experts in the industry believe that once international famous brands are frequently blacklisted, they are still widely sought after in large shopping malls. On the one hand, the punishment is weak, on the other hand, it also shows that domestic consumers’ awareness of rights protection is indifferent. Many young interviewees told reporters that although it hurts to buy substandard clothes, it will not cost more money and energy to protect rights.

　　　　　　　　In addition, although the sharing platform has been established at present, the departments of industry and commerce, quality inspection and finance and taxation are still fragmented, and the data application is still "single-handed". "A company that has been investigated by the quality inspection department is still a credit level in the industrial and commercial sector." Shen Huaqing, director of the product quality supervision and inspection department of Zhejiang Quality Supervision Bureau, believes that a unified enterprise code and a unified blacklist system should be established to strengthen the "ensemble" of supervision.

　　　　　　　　Therefore, Qiu Baochang, head of the lawyers group of China Consumers Association, believes that it is important to strengthen punishment, but it is more urgent to establish a unified credit system. In order to make it more convenient for merchants and consumers to consult, corresponding inquiry mechanisms should be established according to the types of goods. For example, for clothing, an inquiry system should be established according to clothing brands, so that consumers can check the credit status of a certain brand at any time, so as to eliminate the "information asymmetry" to the greatest extent and constitute a substantial deterrent to illegal enterprises and manufacturers.

Every banquet must be wine, every wine must be persuaded, and every persuasion must be fierce.

"I’ll do it, suit yourself."

"Why don’t you drink? Do you look down on me? "

"Can’t drink? Too lose face! "

How many times have you heard such advice?

This thing of wine

Drinking it itself is not good.

And persuade wine

But may have to bear legal responsibility:

Act of persuading wine to bear legal responsibility

1. Compulsive persuasion

For example, using language such as "don’t drink enough friends" to stimulate the other person to drink, or persuading him to drink when the other person is drunk and unconscious and has no self-control.

2. Persuade the other person to drink while knowing that he can’t drink.

For example, knowing each other’s physical condition, still persuading them to drink alcohol to induce diseases.

3. Failing to escort the drunk safely.

If the drinker has lost or is about to lose control of himself, and is unconscious and unable to control his behavior, the drinker fails to send him to the hospital or safely send him home.

4. Drunk driving does not discourage damage such as car accidents.

Knowing that the drinker was drunk and the drinker didn’t discourage him.

in fact

Have an accident because of drinking.

All participants were awarded compensation

Cases are not uncommon.

Real case

1. If you fall off a cliff after drinking, the drinker will bear the responsibility.

Lin and Wu Mou are friends. One day a year ago, Lin was drinking at Wu Mou’s house. It was already late at night, so Wu Mou called his friend Fang to pick him up and Lin. Subsequently, Lin traveled by car. When passing a cliff road, Lin accidentally slipped off the cliff and fell into the water when he got off the bus, and drowned.

After the incident, Lin’s family asked Wu Mou and Fang to bear death compensation totaling more than 100,000 yuan.

After the second trial of the court, under the mediation of the judge, Fang and Wu Mou reconciled with the family of the deceased and jointly paid 60,000 yuan in compensation to the family of the deceased.

2. If you die of drunkenness, the drinker will pay compensation.

Chen Mou, the head of a vocational training school, hosted a dinner in a hotel for eight people, including Zhou and Meng. Zhou was too drunk to wake up. The next morning, Zhou was found dead of alcoholism.

Zhou’s family then took the training school and seven people who attended the dinner party to court, demanding joint compensation for Zhou’s death compensation and funeral expenses totaling more than 110,000 yuan.

The court found that Zhou, as an adult, was mainly responsible for the death of alcoholism and should bear 70% of the liability for compensation. Chen Mou, the organizer of the dinner party, took 20% of the responsibility, and the other six participants shared the remaining 10% of the responsibility, and compensated Zhou for various expenses totaling more than 35,000 yuan.

Both the host and the guest should be responsible for the happy event turning into tragedy.

An old man held an 80th birthday party, and his three sons invited relatives and friends to celebrate his birthday. Unexpectedly, this happy event turned into a tragedy.

At the noon banquet, a 49-year-old man died at 3 o’clock in the afternoon because of excessive drinking. After several consultations, a consensus has been reached that each of the three sons of the 80-year-old birthday girl will pay 100,000 yuan, and the drinker will pay 20,000 yuan, making a total compensation of 320,000 yuan to the deceased.

4. Students die after dinner! All 27 people were found responsible.

On the evening of February 20, 2020, Zhang Mogen attended the annual junior high school reunion. Because of the lively atmosphere, he drank more white wine. At about 20 o’clock that day, he drove home alone. At about 21: 14, a car accident occurred. Zhang Mogen died on the same day after being rescued.

After investigation by the public security traffic police department, Zhang was drunk and driving, taking full responsibility for the accident. However, in this case, a total of 28 people, including Zhang Mogen and Shen Mou, dined together, and six of them sat at the same table with Zhang Mogen. When Zhang Mogen was seriously drunk, the diner let him leave alone, and there was a certain fault in the accident.

After comprehensive consideration, the cause of Zhang Mogen’s death and the degree of fault of the diners, the court finally decided that the defendant Shen and other six diners at the same table should bear the liability of compensation of 5,250 yuan each, and the remaining 21 diners should bear the liability of compensation of 3,150 yuan each.

The judge said that when the drinker is in a dangerous state of drunkenness, other drinkers have certain duty of care. This obligation is not only a moral obligation, but also a legal obligation.

Advise you to put down your small glass.

Naturally, the next step is health science popularization time.

Drink less!

Don’t persuade the wine!

Original title: "Chinese New Year, these four situations on the wine table may be legally responsible, don’t take it seriously! 》

Read the original text

Exploration and research on the drilling layout and divination form of word Oracle bones in Yin Ruins

(all two volumes)

By Zhao Peng

Published in April 2024

Content introduction

According to the materials of Oracle bones used for divination, that is, scapula, abdominal shell and dorsal shell, this book makes a comprehensive and systematic study on the drilling layout and divination forms of various types of Wang Oracle bones in the south and north of Yinxu Village, as well as various types of non-Wang Oracle bones. The evolution sequence of Oracle bone drilling layout in Yin Ruins is established, and the development track of Oracle bone divination form in Yin Ruins is analyzed. Interpret the layout of some characteristic Oracle inscriptions. This paper analyzes the influence of Oracle bone materials in the same group on the content and form of divination. This paper discusses the influence of Oracle bone staging, Oracle bone group, Oracle bone material, divination content and drilling layout on divination form.

Brief introduction of the author

Zhao Peng is a researcher at the Institute of Ancient History of China Academy of Social Sciences. His research interests are Oracle Bone Inscriptions and the history of Yin and Shang Dynasties, focusing on the arrangement and description of Oracle bones, the study of drilling layout and divination forms. He is the author of "A Preliminary Study on the Names and Dating of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins" (Wired Bookstore, 2007) and "A Collection of rubbings on Oracle Bones" (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2016). Participated in the compilation of Oracle Bones Collected by the Historical Research Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences (edited by Song Zhenhao, Zhao Peng and Ma Ji Fan, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2011).

Catalogue

order

(Huang Tianshu)

Zhao Peng, a researcher at China Historical Research Institute, recently finished the book "The Layout of Oracle Bones with Characters and the Exploration of Divination Forms in Yin Ruins". The author asked me to write a few words at the beginning. I am very happy. I would like to take this opportunity to talk about my own ideas on the layout of Oracle bones and the arrangement offered by Oracle Bone Inscriptions.

In recent ten years, the author has devoted himself to studying the drilling layout of Oracle bones. In my opinion, drilling layout is a very important research topic in Oracle divination. Although some scholars have done some research, there are still many problems to be solved. This book is the latest achievement of drilling layout research, and I hope it will be published as soon as possible.

A rough reading draft, I think this book has many advantages: first, comprehensively and systematically sort out and study the drilling layout, and summarize its evolution sequence and development vein. Second, the drilling layout is rich in materials, illustrated and easy to read. Third, it is advocated that the drilling layout should be comprehensively studied in combination with Oracle inscriptions and ordinal numbers. More importantly, this book has the following two main findings:

First, the layout of drilling affects the form of divination. For example, during the period of Zu Geng in Wu Ding, the tortoise shell of Cunbei system was not drilled, and the bovine scapula with a single drilling layout at the neck of the head bone usually used a complete set of divination forms.

Secondly, from the perspective of drilling layout and divination form, the South-Central School in the village is more closely related to the division group, which directly develops from the division group, and the North School in the village is likely to be a new or innovative series; The South-Central School of the village developed first and influenced the North School of the village. For example, the Central South Department of the village entered the stage of layout along the bone edge from the first group of the calendar, and the second group of the Northern Department of the village began to layout along the bone edge. The divination in which the focus of different links of the same event is arranged along the bone edge began to appear in the first class of the calendar group in the south-central part of the village, and it began to appear in the second class of the group in the north part of the village.

The study of drilling layout is a relatively cold corner in the field of Oracle bone inscriptions, and there are few related works. In the past, Oracle bone scholars mostly focused on the study of characters, and few people paid attention to the Oracle bone materials and their drilling layout attached to characters. In recent years, scholars have realized that Oracle Bone Inscriptions should be comprehensively studied from several sub-disciplines, such as Oracle divination (drilling layout under its jurisdiction), Oracle morphology, and Oracle Bone Inscriptions’s dedication. The core of Oracle inscriptions is "drilling" and "divination". Foreword, destiny, divination, preface and so on are all arranged and written around "drilling" and "divination" like the stars arch the moon. In my opinion, there is a drilling layout first, then a burning layout, and then a burning layout. The front and back sides of the large version of Oracle bones are often engraved with dozens of Oracle inscriptions. If scholars don’t understand the layout of drilling, burning and Oracle inscriptions, there will be problems in the Oracle bone inscriptions written.

On the reverse side of Oracle bones, there are artificial drills, the spindle is a chisel and the circle is a drill. The above is the preparation for divination. And burning drill is the beginning of divination. After burning, Cho Chien is chiseled and trillion branches are drilled. A passage from this book (page 49) to Mr. Tsung i Jao is very important. In 1961, Mr. Rao said in the article "A Study on the Yin People’s Concept of Numbers from the Count of Bu Zhao —— On the Number of Images of Turtles" (Collection of Papers Celebrating Mr. Dong Zuobin’s Sixty-Five Years Old): "There are four things on the tortoise shell, which keep a joint relationship, namely, the drilled hole on the back of the tortoise, the trillion images on the ventral surface after burning, and the numbers engraved in trillion positions, which are engraved with the engraving. I think Mr. Rao’s words can be summed up in eight words, namely, "drilling, omen, number and diction, four in one" The so-called "drilling" refers to "drilling". As we all know, there are very few people who drill first and then drill, but don’t drill. Oracle bone divination belongs to heat divination. The diviner burned the drill with the burning thorns, which made the front of the Oracle bone crack into a "Bu"-shaped divination. Each divination is composed of Cho Chien and Zhaozhi, which first comes from Cho Chien and then Zhaozhi. Chisel out the Cho Chien, which looks like a trunk and has the same shape; Drill out trillion branches, shaped like branches, in various shapes. Yin people mainly judge good or bad luck according to the shape of trillion branches. Therefore, the language of "drilling" is dominated by "drilling" and supplemented by "chisel", where "drilling" stands for "drilling". The so-called "omen" means that the reverse side is burning and the front side is ominous. The so-called "number" is the abbreviation of "ordinal number", which is also called "trillion sequence", "preface" or "trillion sequence".Record the number and order of divination. The so-called "ci" refers to the following nine parts: pre-ci, life-ci, occupation-ci, verification-ci, omen-ci, preface, diction, fu-ci and agency-ci. But not all divinations are recorded, but some parts are often omitted. The so-called "four-in-one" means that the four elements of "drill, omen, number and diction" should be arranged around "drill" and "omen" like the stars arch the moon.

Let’s take a complete edition of tortoise shell "Part C" 63-64 (Collection 12051) as an example to illustrate the "four in one". The biggest shortcoming of Mr. Zhang Bingquan’s Oracle Inscriptions in A Textual Research on Part C is that he wrote the four-in-one words separately, in other words, it did not well reflect the joint relationship between the drilling layout, augury, ordinal number and Oracle Inscriptions. The interpretation of Part C is self-evident, so I don’t want to quote it. In this paper, according to the new concept of "four in one", the interpretation of Part C 63-64 (Collection 12051) is rewritten in the following, and then elaborated. In order to facilitate reading, the interpretation of the text should use common words as much as possible.

(1) come to ten. (Carved on the reverse right nail bridge. "Lai Lai Shi" recorded that the turtles were paid by Dai Suo Gong Na, a total of ten)

(2) shell. (Carved on the left-hand side of the left-hand bridge. The "shell" is the name of Zhen, and it is recorded that the custodian of the repair gives the dug and drilled abdominal armor to Zhen’s shell to collect the palm for divination.

(3) Zhen: Liao Niu. (engraved on the reverse side) [1] 2 (engraved on the corresponding position on the front side)

(4) don’t burn. (engraved on the reverse side) ф (ф, which means that there is only a omen in the corresponding position of the front side, but the ordinal number is not engraved and the omen is committed. Here is another oracle that the omen infringes on the front side)

(5) Liao a cow. (engraved on the reverse side) 1 (engraved on the corresponding position on the front side)

(6) [Don’t burn a cow]. (There was no Oracle inscription on the reverse side, but it was supposed to be "Don’t burn a cow") One (the corresponding position on the front side is only Bu Zhao and the ordinal number "one". Bu Zhao and the ordinal number "one" are shown in the corresponding position of the second line of the front left front armor near Qianli Road)

(7) Liao Er Niu. (The reverse side above) ф (It is engraved in the corresponding position on the front side, which indicates the omen, but the ordinal number is engraved and the omen is made)

(8) Liao San Niu. (engraved on the reverse side) 1 (engraved on the corresponding position on the front side and making a sign)

(9) Zhen: The following year, Gui Wei (20) burned five cows. One two three four five (engraved on the front)

(10) Don’t burn five cows in the next year. One two three four five (engraved on the front)

(11) call. (engraved on the reverse side) 1 (engraved on the corresponding position on the front side and making a sign)

(12) Call for help, get it from the east first. (Engraved on the left front nail bridge) One, two, three (Engraved on the front left front nail and making a sign)

(13) Zhen: Call for help, get it first. (Engraved on the right-hand bridge) Four (Engraved on the front)

(14) Call for help first. (Engraved on the right-hand bridge) Five (Engraved on the front)

(15) jiachen (41),

Zhen: It rains today. (engraved on the front) One two three four (engraved on the front)

(16) jiachen (41),

Zhen: It won’t rain today. (engraved on the front) One two three two to four five (engraved on the front)

(17) Jia Chen (41) Bu,

Zhen: The next day (42) its rain. (engraved on the front) One two three four (engraved on the front)

(18) Zhen: The next day (42) it didn’t rain. (engraved on the front) One two three four (engraved on the front)

(19) Zhen: The following day did not (44) rain. (engraved on the front) One, two, three (engraved on the front)

(20) Zhen: The next day Ding Wei (44) did not rain. (engraved on the front) One, two, three small notices (engraved on the front)

(21) it

It’s not just worrying about Zu Yi. (engraved on the reverse side) 0 (engraved on the corresponding position on the front side, with omen but no ordinal number engraved and making omen)

（22）

Yu zuyi. (engraved on the reverse side) 0 (engraved on the corresponding position on the front side, with omen but no ordinal number engraved and making omen)

(1)(2) is an official statement, which records the origin of Oracle bones and the person who drilled them, and delivered them to the Zhen people’s shell for control after drilling them. In order not to interfere with divination, the inscription is generally engraved on the edge without drilling. (1)(2) The inscription is immediately on the opposite side of the nail bridge.

According to the principle of "the kind (event) follows each other, according to the omen (drilling)", there are four types of Oracle inscriptions on the front and back of this edition of tortoise shell: the first category (3) to (10) divination "Liaoniu". (3) "Liao Niu" and (4) "Don’t Liao" are against chastity. (5) "Liao a cow" and (6) "[Don’t Liao a cow]" are also against chastity. (7) to (10) It is appropriate to choose a few cows for chastity. The second category (11) to (14) divination "Gunnar". The third category (15) to (20) divination "weather". The fourth category (21) to (22) divination sacrifice "Zu Yi".

In recent years, after the establishment of Oracle bone divination, drilling layout can be included in Oracle bone divination for research. With the improvement of photography and printing technology, there are high-definition color photos of Oracle bones, and the color photos can be enlarged in the computer to observe the drilling layout. The conditions for studying Oracle divination (including drilling layout) and Oracle morphology have been greatly improved. It is hoped that the reverse side of Oracle bones will be recorded in the Oracle bone description books published in the future, so as to facilitate the study of the drilling layout of Oracle bones and better understand the Oracle bone inscriptions.

Huangtianshu

Tsinghua campus, October 3, 2023

Foreword

This book makes a comprehensive and systematic study on the drilling layout and divination forms of all kinds of word Oracle bones in Yin Ruins according to the materials, initially establishes the evolution sequence of drilling layout of Oracle bones in Yin Ruins, roughly combs the development vein of divination forms in Yin Ruins, and interprets some characteristic Oracle inscriptions layout.

The introduction part defines the concept of drilling in this book, the research content and significance of this book, and reviews the previous studies, and puts forward that the current study of Oracle bone drilling layout should be combined with Oracle bone group, trillion sequence arrangement, Oracle composition, Oracle bone layout, divination and so on to carry out a more in-depth and detailed study.

The first chapter to the fourth chapter combs the drilling layout, characteristic Oracle inscriptions layout and divination form of the Jia bones of Yin Ruins Division Group, Village Central South System, Village North System and Non-Wang Group. It is pointed out that the layout of scapula drilling in Cunnan system began to enter the layout stage along the bone edge (that is, a row of mortar edges and a half rows along the opposite side), while in Cunbei system, it was an independent layout of the bone head and neck in the early stage, and it began to be arranged along the bone edge (that is, a row of mortar edges and a half rows along the opposite side) after the second class. It is pointed out that the drilling layout of the middle-south system in the village is more closely related to the scapula of the division, and it is directly developed from the division, while the drilling layout of the northern system in the village is likely to be a new or innovative series for the scapula of the division. The Jiagu of the Central South System in the village is bounded by the second class of the calendar group, with more divination before and one divination after. The northern part of the village is bounded by the class of guests, with many words before and one word after. The two divination forms basically entered the stage of one word and one divination at the same time. The divination in which the focus of different links of the same event in one day is arranged along the bone edge began to appear in the middle and south part of the village, and this divination form began to appear in the second part of the village. No matter from the layout of drilling or the composition of divination in different aspects of the same event in a day, the development of divination in the Central South School of Village is earlier than that in the Northern School of Village, and it is the Central South School of Village that has influenced the Northern School of Village.

The fifth chapter to the seventh chapter combs the layout of drilling, the layout of characteristic oracles and the form of divination on the division group of Yin Ruins, the village north system and the non-king’s abdomen armor. It is pointed out that the drilling of the abdominal nail in the division group has a messy layout and the burning direction is uncertain. The Cunbei system is bounded by the guest-out class, and the drilling layout in the early stage is diversified, including three categories: sparse, dense and sparse-dense mixed. The second group and He group are basically the main two-column layout, and the one near Jiaqiao has burning on the outside of drilling, while the Huang group is the main two-column or three-column dense layout. In the form of divination, the layout of drilling was greatly influenced in the early stage, and different drilling layouts used different forms of divination. In the later period, it was basically a word.

Chapters 8 to 10 sort out the drilling layout and divination form of the division group, the village north system and the non-king’s back armor. It is pointed out that the dorsal nail has a messy layout in the division group and the burning direction is uncertain. There are two or three rows of dense layout in the Bin Formation in the north of the village, and one row of drilling layout will be added after leaving the formation. The form of divination is bounded by the category of object, with many words in the early stage and one word in the later stage.

In the southern part of the village, the Jia bone is basically used for divination, while in the northern part of the village, the tortoise bone is used together. The reason why the division group is studied separately as a chapter is to find out the relationship between the division group and the village south school and the village north school. The conclusion is that the relationship between the division group and the Oracle bones of the village south system is closer, and the development of the same system can be found, while the relationship between the village north system and the division group is obviously far away.

The drilling layout and divination form on non-Wang Oracle bones are different from the norms of Wang Oracle bones in the period. Except for the afternoon group, divination is mostly within three divinations. The drilling layout of Huadong Oracle bones is relatively simple and dense, but the divination form is free and flexible, which is not restricted by the drilling layout.

Chapter 11 discusses the role of drilling layout in Oracle bone conjugation and classification.

Chapter 12 discusses the influence of different materials in the same group of Oracle bones on the content and form of divination.

Chapter 13 discusses the influence of Oracle bone staging, Oracle bone group, Oracle bone material, divination content and drilling layout on divination form. It is pointed out that the forms of Oracle bone divination in Yin Ruins are diverse and constantly developing, which is the most active and prosperous period of thermal divination.

Postscript

Seventeen years have passed since my doctor graduated in 2006. In the past 17 years, more invalid time has been used, while some effective time has been tight and tight, and some have been rushed and rushed.

After graduating from Ph.D., I wanted to finish sorting out all the names of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins, analyze some phenomena of names, make further corrections and supplements to the previous mistakes, and imagine that it can be extended to the study of the official system of Yin Shang Dynasty. However, after some study and work experience, the original plan was changed and more attention was paid to the layout of Oracle bone drilling.

From September, 2007 to June, 2008, Mr. Li Xueqin opened a course on Oracle bones in Tsinghua University, and many students and scholars from Beijing attended. In the course of studying this school year, one of my gains is to realize more deeply that Oracle bones are relics of divination. Thinking about many problems of Oracle bones should leave a perspective of divination.

In 2008, I participated in the research group of Three Editions of Oracle Bone Inscriptions Collection, and I was responsible for the combination and arrangement of Oracle bones in Part B, Part C and Supplement B. In the process of splicing and pasting the fragments of the rubbings of Part B, the signs on the front and the drills on the back attracted my attention. The reverse rubbings after spelling are sorted and sorted one by one, and the result is the article "Preliminary sorting and research on drilling and mega-sequence arrangement of tortoise shell of Kengbin Formation YH127 in Yin Ruins" which participated in the Second Youth Forum of Ancient Philology of Shiyu Institute in 2016. After further streamlining, it was published in the Journal of Archaeology (2017).

In 2010, together with Mr. Song Zhenhao and Mr. Ma Ji Fan, we sorted out the Oracle bones collected by the Historical Research Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences. In the process of finishing, I am responsible for taking photos, sorting all Oracle bones and interpreting texts. When interpreting texts, the principle of proximity is basically used to deal with the attribution of mega-words, so the attribution of mega-words in the book Zhong Li Cang is basically wrong, and this responsibility lies with me alone.

In 2012, I was fortunate to attend the 19th annual meeting of China Ancient Characters Research Association hosted by Fudan University, which was the first time in my life to attend the annual meeting of China Ancient Characters. At the meeting, Mr. Wang Zewen published the article "Supplement to the Oracle Inscriptions Collected in the Far East Antiquities Museum in Stockholm, Sweden" and related descriptions, which made me realize that my previous treatment of the inscription may be wrong. After the meeting, I began to sort out the inscription position of mega-words on a version of Oracle bones, and came to the conclusion that mega-words are above mega-branches, while mega-words are below mega-branches (of course, there are also mega-words above Cho Chien, and mega-words outside Cho Chien, etc.), so mega-words should be written after the mega-numbers above mega-branches, not after the nearest mega-words. Before and at that time, many scholars’ cognition of the attribution of mega-words was correct. Only my poor studies have caused great mistakes and may spread to others. So far, I am ashamed.

The concern about mega-words has aroused my concern about mega-ordinal numbers. In 2012, I began to sort out the arrangement of Oracle bones in each group. When sorting out the abdominal carapace of the yellow group turtle, it was found that there were some phenomena in which the number of the right abdominal carapace was "one" and the left abdominal carapace was "two". Once Mr. Li Xueqin attended a meeting of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (2013), I found an opportunity to ask Mr. Li about this phenomenon. Mr. Li said that this is interesting and can be sorted out. This has strengthened my confidence in sorting out and studying this problem.

In 2012, he assisted in taking photos of Oracle bones in Lushun Museum and Chongqing Three Gorges Museum, and in 2014, he assisted in taking more than 2,000 photos of Oracle bones in Shandong Museum. In the process of assisting in taking these photos, I have a more intuitive understanding of the drilling layout. Looking back now, whether the photos you see are page by page or one by one may have different trigger points for people.

In May 2017, I joined the working group of "Oracle Bone Inscriptions Manuscript Series". This work gives me a chance to sort out Oracle bone materials more comprehensively, and on this basis, I pay more attention to and think about it, and my understanding of Oracle bone drilling layout and divination form is more perfect than before.

In 2008, Mr. Li Xueqin published the article "The Expansion of Oracle Inscriptions on Di Xin’s Expatriates" in the Research on the History of China, arguing that the Zhongnan and Cunbei lines of Jiagu Village in Yin Ruins ended separately, so it is unnecessary to merge into one line. Another thought brought to me by this article is how the two departments started. In 2019, I was fortunate to be invited by Mr. Lin Hongming to give an academic lecture on "Deep Wave Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Yin Shang Civilization" at Taiwan Province University of Political Science. In the preparation of the lecture, I first compared the drilling layout of the scapula of the northern system of the village with that of the central and southern system of the village. The result of comparison is that the drilling layout of the division group’s scapula is a series with the south of the village, but far from the north of the village.

In 2020, Master Huang Tianshu first put forward the branch field of Oracle divination in He Hui’s Preface to the Study of Oracle Inscriptions on Tortoise Abdomen. On July 8, 2022, Master Huang Tianshu gave a lecture entitled "Oracle divination" in the famous forum of ancient Chinese characters in NTU, which further improved the theoretical framework of Oracle divination. The proposition of "Oracle bone divination" makes the research of this topic have the support and ownership.

In short, the arrangement of Oracle bone materials, the shooting of Oracle bone photos, the reflection on my own wrong cognition, the study and exchange, the development of disciplines, etc., are all the reasons why I keep thinking about the drilling layout.

There are two more points about this book: First, the layout of drilling is closely related to the form of divination. Different drilling layouts may lead to different forms of divination. When the layout of drilling changes, the form of divination will basically change. The second is about the "two columns" drilling layout. The core reason why we don’t classify the "one row and half rows on the opposite side of the scapula" and the "multiple ring sparse type" on the tortoise shell as the "two rows" drilling layout is that the divination group has different divination thinking and divination use for these two drilling layouts, which also reflects their different divination thoughts. Our cognition should be as close as possible to the ideas and practices of the divination group.

Since 2008, it has been fifteen years since we began to pay attention to drilling and mega-sequence. Although the drilling layout seems to be a problem that can be solved in a short time, there will always be some points in fifteen years to promote us to think about this problem repeatedly or have new thinking. Now that it is about to be published, I hope that the problems revealed in the book, such as the layout of drilling, the form of divination, the layout of Oracle inscriptions and the relationship between the two systems, can be close to the truth of history. But the truest feeling in my heart is fear, fear of misreading the practice of ancestors’ divination, fear that there must be some superficial, inaccurate and incomplete cognition, and that every version of Oracle bones has not been carefully arranged from the perspective of divination …

Finally, I would like to thank Master Huang Tianshu for his training and urging, and to preface my book. Thanks to Li Xueqin, Song Zhenhao, Liu Zhao, Li Zongkun, Dong Shan, Lin Hongming, Fang Zhisong, Wang Zewen, Zhang Ang and others who gave me advice, care and help along the way. Thanks to the five judges of the National Social Science Fund for their comments on revision. Thanks to Ms. Gu Lidan and Editor Yao Minghui of Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House for their efforts in publishing this book. Thank my mother for her help and care in my life.

November 8, 2023

Shuying

Original title: "The new book recommended the publication of" Exploration and Research on the Layout and Divination Form of Oracle Bones with Characters in Yin Ruins "

Read the original text

"color" of "looking for"

Comment on Zhao Yi’s Searching: Dimensions and Signs of Literature

Text | Liu Xiaobo

Zhao Yi’s Search: Dimensions and Signs of Literature (hereinafter referred to as Search) shows the sharpness and tolerance of young people’s critical writing, such as unique and novel perspective selection, fashionable issues of concern, sharp writing, wise views, and sometimes a sharpness. These characteristics are the background color of criticism and the true nature of critics. As a young critic, Zhao Yi pays more attention to contemporary writers who are both young people, forming a typical contemporary criticism. Zhao Yi’s writing is also cross-border. She is not only engaged in criticism, but also writing novels. At the same time, she is also a literary editor. She has a multi-faceted identity and her academic background is also cross-border. All these make her critical writing have a solid foundation, broad vision and more rich texture. The "thing" of "looking for" can be described as the content and ambition of bo literature, while the "color" of "looking for" is the background and true color of criticism.

Youth edge:

Well-founded "reckless"

From the title, "Looking for" has revealed a unique edge of youth criticism, which is also a simile of its criticism itself. Young critics certainly have the unique characteristics of young people, such as unique and novel perspective selection, fashionable issues of concern, sharp writing, wise views, and sometimes a sharpness, which is fully reflected in Zhao Yi’s Looking for a Job. Zhao Yi’s criticism pays attention to the frontier issues, closely follows the present and the times, and pays continuous attention to the new literary phenomena. His sense of criticism is extremely keen and his critical perspective is unique. Almost all the articles in the "Horizon Phenomenon" section are centered around the literary hotspots in recent years, expressing his unique observation and thinking about the new phenomena in the current literary world.

Zhao Yi’s literary criticism has a broad vision, often starting from the big background of the times, and combining the inside and outside of literature for systematic analysis. Micro-writing and micro-reading are carefully combed in the article "Micro-novel and micro-reading", and micro-writing and micro-reading are exactly the new literary images caused by media changes. Zhao Yi’s point of view is launched from the big background. In her view, the rise of new media has shaped the literary concept, the existing form of literature and the way of literary production, dissemination and acceptance, which has had a direct and far-reaching impact on literary creation in the traditional sense. One of the symbolic appearances is that literary creation is increasingly developing towards miniaturization, portability and mobility with the media terminal technology oriented to user experience and functional requirements, and literary styles and modes of communication are showing a trend of "micro", which has brought the prosperity of "micro" art based on information. And this generalization has actually become a general description of the background of the current literary development. For example, in her research on the post-90s literary phenomenon, she also cut in from the media perspective: the current post-90s literary production is the participation, deduction and display of virtual reality scenes under the all-round digital media ecology with the Internet as the core, and the writing of new media is exported through sub-cultural ways such as audio-visual and network. This kind of thinking is still based on this basic background of the times. Zhao Yi also spared no effort to pay attention to other new literary images. The problem of "correcting the name" of online literature from the perspective of Xianxia tradition pays attention to online literature.The choice of incision is small: Xianxia tradition, but the problem discussed is very grand: the problem of "correcting the name" of online literature. The Orientation of Adaptation and the Scale of Animation pays attention to China’s animation and thinks about the future of China’s animated films. These questions are very fashionable and fresh, and they all have a certain sense of problems. Fifteen Random Thoughts on Literary Phenomena seems to be just a few words, but in fact it shows a kind of fluidity and meticulousness of thinking, which is unique, sharp and cutting-edge. Each random thought involves a more important proposition. These random thoughts are directed at the essence of the problem, and they seem to be independent of each other, but in fact they have their own internal logic.

In the reading of orthodox literary texts, Zhao Yi also has her own unique views, and many texts even gain new vitality and glow with different colors in her interpretation. The "viewpoint and scene" part is the continuous attention to the current creation, and makes a meaningful interpretation of the new works of mature writers. The possibility of flowers is difficult, Mo Yan’s new drama: be strong and sing, and even enter a bowl of sorghum wine! The latest works of Mo Yan, Alai and Jin Yucheng are interpreted in detail in such chapters as The Wind: Reality and Fantasy in Zhou Xiaofeng’s Star Fish, Sounding with solemn compassion-The persistence and success of Alai’s Story in the Cloud, On the Long Paradigm and New Discovery of Going North, etc.

Zhao Yi’s critical style is sharp, wise and even sharp, which is unique to young people. Sometimes, compared with mature critics, it is obviously more open. Wang Binbin once mentioned in an interview, "I have never been completely reckless. When I was young, I had a lot less scruples, but now I have a lot of worries. I despise myself more and more. " Mature critics are full of worries, while young critics rely on youthful exuberance and have no scruples. This kind of freedom is not a "cool comment" to gain eyeballs and brush traffic, but a well-founded "no scruples" by daring to discuss problems, break down the barriers of the circle, and find the internal logical basis through careful logical analysis.

Contemporary criticism:

Peer Friendship and Critic’s Ruthlessness

As a young critic, Zhao Yi pays more attention to contemporary writers who are both young people, forming a typical contemporary criticism. The so-called contemporaries are "contemporaries who were born in the same period and have common historical experience, thus showing similar spiritual structure and behavior patterns". Because of the similarity of physiological structure and the convergence of spiritual structure, Zhao Yi pays great attention to the creation of his contemporaries, which shows the friendship between peers and the merciless side of critics. In her critical writing, we can find the bright spots of the younger generation, and there are also many flaws in the creation of the same generation, so as to improve the writing of young people.

A lot of content in Looking for a Person is concerned about the same generation. There are both interpretation of individual cases and analysis of phenomena. An interesting phenomenon is that many contents in the book are directly related to post-90s writing. The article How to Open the Writing of the Post-90s systematically combs the writing of the Post-90s, and The New Media Literary Life of the Post-90s pays attention to the creation of this group from the media perspective. Many other chapters also discuss this topic, forming an interesting "post-90s" criticism of "post-90s". There are also some articles that discuss the individual writing of young writers. From "Channel Tide" to "Tide", why does Ban Yu look like a logo? This paper presents a panoramic view of the creation of young writer Ban Yu. Examination and circumstantial evidence: from the witness to the space-time body-reading Zhou Kai’s Moss and the future book of detective novelists interpret Zhou Kai’s two works, both of which are in-depth case studies.

As a peer, the author can better understand the creation of young writers, and can also fully demonstrate in criticism. This not only reflects the inclusiveness of contemporary criticism, but also reveals the shining side of young writers to the greatest extent, and also has the "heartless" side of critics, who will never be soft in the face of shortcomings and direct problems. In How to Open the Writing of the Post-90s, there is a detailed analysis of the creation of various literary genres of this group, pointing out many existing problems, such as "the writer’s works are extroverted and the readers have great repetitiveness", "some young poets have given up the stylistic dignity of their poems and the completion of their stylistic spirit" and "exposed some deficiencies in comprehensive cultivation", and so on. The article "A Brief Analysis of the Lack of Lu Xun’s Literary Spirit in Youth Writing" points out the major problem of the lack of literary spirit in youth writing. There are still many articles that point out the shortcomings of Chen’s creation from the phenomenon, and many of them take young writers as examples.

The criticism system constructed by youth criticism is not only more systematic and professional in academic level, but also has a tangible flesh-and-blood connection between literature and reality established by the younger generation. Zhao Yi is not only practicing it himself, but also trying to find the common experience of one generation from the same generation, which is the unique value of contemporary criticism.

Multi-life writing:

Various dimensions and marks of literature

Zhao Yi also shows a cross-border between writing and criticism. She is a typical multi-faceted writer. She is not only engaged in original writing, but also engaged in criticism. She is also a literary worker in important positions such as Lu Xun College of Literature, People’s Literature and China Writer. Therefore, Zhao Yi has great enthusiasm for the literary scene and presided over columns in many publications to promote the development of youth criticism. For example, she once presided over the column of youth criticism in Contemporary Literary World, and invited several authors to discuss the same topic in each issue, which almost included all the young critics who were active at that time in China, and paid attention to the cutting-edge topics. In a word, the author of this book is the witness and witness of the literary world, and these experiences are the symbol of its various literature and the source of its various dimensions.

His varied writing experience makes his critical words more familiar with creation, literary scene and the essence of criticism. So far, Zhao Yi has created many novels, and this cross-border will have a far-reaching impact on his criticism. She also has a clear understanding of this phenomenon itself. In the article "Cross-border Writing: Thinking, Creation and the Orientation of the Heart", she takes Zhang Ning’s creation as an example to systematically discuss the value and significance of Zhang Ning’s novel writing as a scholar, and comprehensively observe Zhang Ning’s novel creation. Its complete literary theory system can be seen in the centralized turn of expressing thinking. And she herself has gradually moved along this cross-border path.

In addition, Zhao Yi’s literary criticism has a classical flavor, which is related to her academic background. She studied classical literature. Disciplinary barriers divide literature as a whole, and the research after opening up will encounter different scenery. In fact, Zhao Yi implied a classical perspective in his criticism, and cherished the tradition, which gave his criticism a kind of connotation. The title of the book "Looking for" is derived from the classic work of classical criticism "Wen Xin Diao Long". The so-called "looking for a move, the heart also shakes". Not only the title of the book, but also as a critic who studied China’s classical literature, the "Horizon Looking Back" part of the book mainly pays attention to China’s classical literature, and its discussion categories include Cao Zhi’s letters, Wang Bi’s metaphysics and aesthetic thought, Canglang’s poetry talk, Shi Shuo Xin Yu, Liu Yi’s poetry talk and so on. Zhao Yi can often find out the present value and significance from classical studies. For example, when discussing Ouyang Xiu’s Poems on June 1, she pointed out that "Poems on June 1 gives some inspiration and response to the question of how literature should be positioned and treated in today’s society. Literature is not just literature, but a way of life." These classical criticism practices are not only addicted to "old paper piles", but more importantly, she has brought this classical atmosphere into contemporary literary criticism, and there are classical shadows in many articles. For example, the criticism of the current new literature phenomenon "micro-literature" is mostly related to the classical tradition; The problem of "correcting the name" of online literature from the perspective of Xian Xia’s tradition also connects the research of online literature with China’s literary tradition. This treasure of tradition makes her criticism more profound.

Zhao Yi’s criticism targets are extremely wide, ranging from novels, essays to poems in genre, from literature to culture in content, from ancient times to contemporary times, and from domestic to foreign countries in space. This broad vision makes her criticism highly transitive, and it is also the embodiment of the critical creed she has always believed in: literary criticism should at least have certain academic principles and origins, keen insight and problem consciousness, be full of sincerity and goodwill, resonate with herself in the context of the times, and at the same time be desirable. In the preface of the book, Qiu Huadong said, "The significance of this collection of comments can not be ignored, because it, like the author, is a writer and witness of contemporary spirit, and it is a vivid witness of literary life. It is manifested in rich reading and multi-angle observation. It is conveyed through various discourses, and it provides a stylized study mode related to knowledge production and material research. It highlights the literary vision of young people and dares to express their opinions. The key words of witness, witness, agility, stylization, and young people are the precise summary of a young critic who lives in many places.

Searching: Dimensions and Signs of Literature

Author: Zhao Yi

Publishing House: Sichuan People’s Publishing House

Publication date: January 2022

Zhao Yi: Ph.D. student in Chinese Department of Tsinghua University, engaged in literary research and novel creation. She has won the short story nomination award of the Young Chinese Writers Award, the outstanding new work award of Beijing Literature, the literary criticism award of the Long March Literature Award, and the popular novel award of Selected Novels.

The author of this article is Liu Xiaobo: critic and deputy editor of Contemporary Literary World.

Original title: Reading | Liu Xiaobo: Color of Searching —— Comment on Zhao Yi’s Searching: Dimensions and Signs of Literature

Read the original text

The ecological environment is closely related to our health.

Every citizen of China has responsibilities and obligations.

Protect the ecological environment on which we live.

Ecological environment and health literacy are all citizens of China.

Important social responsibilities that need to be understood and practiced

We will continue to release relevant content in the near future.

Promote the knowledge of ecological environment and health literacy.

Welcome friends to pay attention to forwarding.

As early as September 2013,

The former Ministry of Environmental Protection put forward the concept of environment and health literacy.

The "Environmental and Health Literacy of China Citizens (Trial)" was released.

In July 2020, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment released

Action Plan for Improving Residents’ Ecological Environment and Health Literacy (2020-2022)

Ecological Environment and Health Literacy of China Citizens

In May 2021, the Yunnan Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment issued.

Action Plan for Improving Residents’ Ecological Environment and Health Literacy in Yunnan Province (2021-2022)

It aims to promote the formation of self-conscious and self-disciplined green low-carbon behaviors and the promotion of healthy lifestyles.

Residents’ ecological environment and health literacy

Helping healthy Yunnan

Beautiful Yunnan and the construction of the vanguard of ecological civilization

Then what is the ecological environment and health literacy?

What is the meaning of this concept?

Let’s start with the significance of improving the ecological environment and health literacy of all citizens.

Protect the ecological environment and maintain health.

The realization of this goal requires the government’s attention

It also requires every citizen to practice.

Mobilize public power

Let the public participate in the modern environmental governance system

Is the most inclusive

The most effective measures to achieve this goal

By publishing

Ecological Environment and Health Literacy of China Citizens

Guide citizens to correctly understand the relationship between man and nature.

Establish the concept that environment and health are closely related.

Popularize the ecological environment and health that citizens should have at present.

Basic concepts, knowledge, behaviors and skills

Mobilize public forces to protect the ecological environment

Maintain good health

Build "Healthy China" and "Beautiful China"

At the same time, it is also the competent department of ecological environment at all levels.

Professional organizations, social organizations and mass media

Publicize and educate the public

Important basis of popular science communication

Action Plan for Improving Residents’ Ecological Environment and Health Literacy in Yunnan Province (2021-2022)

Put forward the following eight tasks

Establish a quality improvement work system

Strengthen the construction of literacy and popular science ability

Disseminate knowledge, behaviors and skills.

Strengthen the communication of ecological and environmental health risks

Pay attention to improving teenagers’ literacy

Focus on improving the literacy of ethnic minorities

Establish a monitoring and evaluation system

Comprehensively enhance

Ecological environment and health literacy level of residents in Yunnan Province

According to the Healthy China Action

Target requirements of "Healthy Environment Promotion Action"

In 2018, through the basic concept of residents,

The questionnaire survey results of basic knowledge and skills show that

The baseline level of residents’ ecological environment and health literacy in China is 12.5%

in other words

Achieve and have ecological environment and health literacy.

Residents with relevant abilities

There are less than 13 people in every 100 people.

The popularization and promotion of ecological environment and health literacy has a long way to go.

Contributed by: Regulations and Standards Division of Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment.

Edit | Wang Yanmei

Original title: "Environment and Health | Do you know" Ecological Environment and Health Literacy of China Citizens "? Poke →

Read the original text